1. A resin composition comprising the reaction product of:
a\u2014melamine,
b\u2014at least one aldehyde of formula (1),
R\u2014CHO \u2003\u2003(1)
in which R is a dialkoxymethyl group, a 1,3-dioxolane-2-yl group optionally substituted on the vertex 4 andor 5 by one or more alkyl groups or a 1,3-dioxan-2-yl group optionally substituted on its vertices 4,5 andor 6 by one or more alkyl groups,
c\u2014a cross linking agent, wherein the crossing linking agent is glyoxylic acid,
d\u2014at least one polyol having 2 or more than 2 hydroxyl groups.
2. The resin composition of claim 1, wherein the reaction product comprises a molar ratio of about 1 to about 6 molar equivalents of the at least one aldehyde of formula (1) to melamine, a molar ration of about 0.01 to about 0.5 molar equivalents of glyoxylic acid to melamine, and a molar ratio of about 0.05 to about 0.5 molar equivalents of the at least one polyol to melamine.
3. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the reaction product comprises a molar ratio of about 2 to about 4 molar equivalents of the at least one aldehyde of formula (1) to melamine, a molar ratio of about 0.05 to about 0.20 molar equivalents of glyoxylic acid to melamine and a molar ratio of about 0.05 to about 0.5 molar equivalents of the at least one polyol to melamine.
4. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the reaction product comprises a molar ratio of about 2 to about 4 molar equivalents of the at least one aldehyde of formula (1) to melamine, a molar ratio of about 0.06 to about 0.1 molar equivalents of glyoxylic acid to melamine and a molar ratio of about 0.1 to about 0.3 molar equivalents of the at least one polyol to melamine.
5. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one aldehyde of formula (1) is selected from the group consisting of dimethoxyacetaldehyde, diethoxyacetaldehyde, dibutoxyacetaldehyde, formyl-2 dioxolan-1,3 and dimethyl-5,5 formyl-2 dioxan-1,3, and mixtures thereof.
6. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one aldehyde of formula (1) is dimethoxyacetaldehyde.
7. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polyol is selected from the group consisting of dialkylene glycol, polyalkylene glycol, glycerin, alkoxylated glycerin, polyvinyl alcohol, dextrose, dextrose oligomers, dextrose derivatives, maltose, maltodextrins, glucose, starch, starch derivatives, polyglycidol, polysaccharides, polysaccharide derivatives and mixtures thereof.
8. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polyol is selected from the group consisting of diethyleneglycol, dipropyleneglycol, tripropoxylated glycerin, polyvinyl alcohol, dextrose, maltose, maltodextrins, glucose and mixtures thereof.
9. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polyol is dextrose.
10. The resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the at least one polyol is corn syrup.
11. A binder comprising a resin composition according to claim 1.
12. The binder according to claim 11, further comprising a catalyst.
13. The binder according to claim 12, wherein the catalyst is present between about 0.1 to about 15% by weight of the resin composition.
14. The binder according to claim 12, wherein the catalyst is present between about 1 to about 10% by weight of the resin composition.
15. The binder according to claim 12, wherein the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, aluminum salts, magnesium chloride, zirconium sulphate, zinc chloride and mixtures thereof.
16. The binder according to claim 12, wherein the catalyst is aluminum chloride or aluminum hydroxychloride.
17. A process for the preparation of a resin composition comprising the steps of condensing, under agitation, a melamine and at least one aldehyde of formula (1)
R\u2014CHO \u2003\u2003(1)
in which R is a dialkoxymethyl group, a 1,3-dioxolan-2-yl group optionally substituted on the vertex 4 andor 5 by one or more alkyl groups or a 1,3-dioxan-2-yl group optionally substituted on its vertices 4,5 andor 6 by one or more alkyl groups, in aqueous solution and in the presence of an alkaline catalyst, at a basic pH between about 8 and about 10 and at a temperature between about 20 and about 100\xb0 C. to form a reaction mixture and,
adding to the reaction mixture a cross linking agent and at least one polyol having 2 or more than 2 hydroxyl groups, wherein the cross linking agent is glyoxylic acid, and wherein the adding step is conducted at a pH between about 4.5 and about 6, at a temperature between about 20 and about 100\xb0 C. and for a time period of about 0.5 and about 12 hours.
18. The process according to claim 17, wherein the alkaline catalyst is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
19. A resin composition made in accordance with the process of claim 17.
20. A binder comprising the resin composition of claim 19.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A sign-mounting system for mounting a graphic display to a supporting structure, the system comprising:
a stationary portion
a rotating portion;
the rotating portion rotatably connected to the stationary portion;
the stationary portion further comprising at least two spring arms;
each of the spring arms comprising a first segment;
the first segment comprising a fixed end;
the fixed end coupled with a remainder of the stationary portion;
each of the spring arms further comprising a second segment;
the first and second segments of each of the spring arms coupled at a bend in the spring arm;
the second segment comprising a free end;
the second segment further comprising a notch;
each of the notches securingly engageable to an edge of an opening of the supporting structure;
the spring arms being sufficiently flexible to allow disengagement from the supporting structure;
the rotating portion comprising a plurality of cascaded rotating portions;
each of the cascaded rotating portions rotatably connected to an adjacent one of the cascaded rotating portions.
2. The sign-mounting system as in claim 1, further comprising:
a first hinge pin;
the first hinge pin rotatably connecting the stationary portion and one of the cascaded rotating portions;
the one of the cascaded rotating portions longitudinally movable along an axis of the first hinge pin.
3. The sign-mounting system as in claim 1, further comprising:
a second hinge pin;
the second hinge pin rotatably connecting first and second ones of the cascaded rotating portions;
one of the first and second cascaded rotating portions longitudinally movable along an axis of the second hinge pin.
4. The sign-mounting system as in claim 1,
a first one of the cascaded rotating portions rotatably connected to the stationary portion;
the stationary portion comprising at least one stationary helical sliding surface;
the first cascaded rotating portion comprising at least one rotating helical sliding surface;
the first cascaded rotating portion further comprising at least one stationary helical sliding surface;
a second one of the cascaded rotating portions comprising at least one rotating helical sliding surface;
one, of the at least one stationary sliding surfaces of the first cascaded rotating portion, and one, of the at least one rotating sliding surfaces of the second cascaded rotating portion, sliding against each other, when the second cascaded rotating portion is rotated from an initial stable orientation with respect to the first cascaded rotating portion;
the second cascaded rotating portion being moved longitudinally upward relative to the first cascaded rotating portion, by force of the one, of the stationary sliding surfaces of the first cascaded rotating portion, and the one, of the rotating sliding surfaces of the second cascaded rotating portion, against each other when the second cascaded rotating portion is rotated from its initial orientation with respect to the first cascaded rotating portion;
the second cascaded rotating portion being restored to its initial orientation with respect to the first cascaded rotating portion, by force of the one, of the stationary sliding surfaces of the first cascaded rotating portion, and the one, of the rotating sliding surfaces of the second cascaded rotating portion, against each other, when the second cascaded rotating portion is allowed to fall after being moved longitudinally upward;
one, of the at least one stationary sliding surfaces of the stationary portion, and one, of the at least one rotating sliding surfaces of the first cascaded rotating portion, sliding against each other, when the first cascaded rotating portion is rotated from an initial stable orientation with respect to the stationary portion;
the first cascaded rotating portion being moved longitudinally upward relative to the stationary portion, by force of the one, of the stationary sliding surfaces of the stationary portion, and the one, of the rotating sliding surfaces of the first cascaded rotating portion, against each other when the first cascaded rotating portion is rotated from its initial orientation with respect to the stationary portion;
the first cascaded rotating portion being restored to its initial orientation with respect to the stationary portion, by force of the one, of the stationary sliding surfaces of the stationary portion, and the one, of the rotating sliding surfaces of the first cascaded rotating portion, against each other, when the first cascaded rotating portion is allowed to fall after being moved longitudinally upward.
5. The sign-mounting system as in claim 4,
the at least one stationary helical sliding surface of the stationary portion comprising first and second stationary sliding surfaces;
the at least one rotating helical sliding surface of the first cascaded rotating portion comprising first and second rotating sliding surfaces;
the at least one stationary helical sliding surface of the first cascaded rotating portion comprising third and fourth stationary sliding surfaces;
the at least one rotating helical sliding surface of the second cascaded rotating portion comprising third and fourth rotating sliding surfaces;
the first rotating sliding surface engageable with the first stationary sliding surface;
the second rotating sliding surface engageable with the second stationary sliding surface;
the third rotating sliding surface engageable with the third stationary sliding surface;
the fourth rotating sliding surface engageable with the fourth stationary sliding surface;
the helical sliding surfaces which slide against each other when the first cascaded rotating portion is rotated relative to the stationary portion being determined by an orientation of the stationary portion with respect to the supporting structure;
the helical sliding surfaces which slide against each other when the second cascaded rotating portion is rotated relative to the first cascaded rotating portion being determined by an orientation of the stationary portion with respect to the supporting structure.
6. The sign-mounting system as in claim 5, the first and second stationary sliding surfaces spaced apart from each other a generally greater distance than the first and second rotating sliding surfaces are spaced apart from each other.
7. The sign-mounting system as in claim 5, the first and second rotating sliding surfaces spaced apart from each other a generally greater distance than the first and second stationary sliding surfaces are spaced apart from each other.
8. A sign-mounting system for mounting a graphic display to a supporting structure, the system comprising:
a stationary portion;
a plurality of rotating portions;
each of the rotating portions rotatably connected to an adjacent one of the rotating portions;
a first one of the rotating portions rotatably connected to the stationary portion;
the stationary portion comprising at least one stationary helical sliding surface;
the first rotating portion comprising at least one rotating helical sliding surface;
the first rotating portion further comprising at least one stationary helical sliding surface;
a second one of the rotating portions comprising at least one rotating helical sl iniiria surface;
one, of the at least one stationary sliding surfaces of the first rotating portion, and one, of the at least one rotating sliding surfaces of the second rotating portion, sliding against each other, when the second rotating portion is rotated from an initial stable orientation with respect to the first rotating portion;
the second rotating portion being moved longitudinally upward relative to the first rotating portion, by force of the one, of the stationary sliding surfaces of the first rotating portion, and the one, of the rotating sliding surfaces of the second rotating portion, against each other when the second rotating portion is rotated from its initial orientation with respect to the first rotating portion;
the second rotating portion being restored to its initial orientation with respect to the first rotating portion, by force of the one, of the stationary sliding surfaces of the first rotating portion, and the one, of the rotating sliding surfaces of the second rotating portion, against each other, when the second rotating portion is allowed to fall after being moved longitudinally upward;
one, of the at least one stationary sliding surfaces of the stationary portion, and one, of the at least one rotating sliding surfaces of the first rotating portion, sliding against each other, when the first rotating portion is rotated from an initial stable orientation with respect to the stationary portion;
the first rotating portion beinq moved longitudinally upward relative to the stationary portion, by force of the one, of the stationary sliding surfaces of the stationary portion, and the one, of the rotating sliding surfaces of the first rotating portion, against each other when the first rotating portion is rotated from its initial orientation with respect to the stationary portion;
the first rotating portion being restored to its initial orientation with respect to the stationary portion, by force of the one, of the stationary sliding surfaces of the stationary portion, and the one, of the rotating sliding surfaces of the first rotating portion, against each other, when the first rotating portion is allowed to fall after being moved longitudinally upward.
9. The sign-mounting system as in claim 8, further comprising:
a first hinge pin;
the first hinge pin rotatably connecting the stationary portion and the first rotating portion;
the first rotating portion longitudinally movable along an axis of the first hinge pin.
10. The sign-mounting system as in claim 8, further comprising:
a second hinge pin;
the second hinge pin rotatably connectinq the first and second rotating portions;
the second rotating portion longitudinally movable along an axis of the second hinge pin.
11. The sign-mounting system as in claim 8,
the at least one stationary helical sliding surface of the stationary portion comprising first and second stationary sliding surfaces;
the at least one rotating helical sliding surface of the first rotating portion comprising first and second rotating sliding surfaces;
the at least one stationary helical sliding surface of the first rotating portion comprising third and fourth stationary sliding surfaces;
the at least one rotating helical sliding surface of the second rotating portion comprising third and fourth rotating. sliding surfaces;
the first rotating sliding surface engageable with the first stationary sliding surface;
the second rotating sliding surface engageable with the second stationary sliding surface;
the third rotating sliding surface engageable with the third stationary sliding surface;
the fourth rotating sliding surface engageable with the fourth stationary sliding surface;
the helical sliding surfaces which slide against each other when the first rotating portion is rotated relative to the stationary portion being determined by an orientation of the stationary portion with respect to the supporting structure;
the helical sliding surfaces which slide against each other when the second rotating portion is rotated relative to the first rotating portion being determined by an orientation of the stationary portion with respect to the supporting structure.
12. The sign-mounting system as in claim 11, the first and second stationary sliding surfaces spaced apart from each other a generally greater distance than the first and second rotating sliding surfaces are spaced apart from each other.
13. The sign-mounting system as in claim 11, the first and second rotating sliding surfaces spaced apart from each other a generally greater distance than the first and second stationary sliding surfaces are spaced apart from each other.
14. The sign-mounting system as in claim 8, the stationary portion mountable to the supporting structure in either of at least two orientations with respect to the supporting structure.
15. The sign-mounting system as in claim 8, the stationary portion mountable to the supporting structure without separate fasteners.
16. The sign-mounting system as in claim 8,
the stationary portion further comprising at least one hook;
the hook mountable to the supporting structure.
17. The sign-mounting system as in claim 8,
the stationary portion further comprising at least two spring arms;
each of the spring arms comprising a first seqment;
the first segment comprising a fixed end;
the fixed end coupled with a remainder of the stationary portion;
each of the spring arms further comprising a second segment;
the first and second segments of each of the spring arms coupled at a bend in the spring arm;
the second segment comprising a free end;
the second segment further comprising a notch;
each of the notches securingly engageable to an edge of an opening of the supporting structure;
the spring arms being sufficiently flexible to allow disengagement from the supporting structure.
18. The sign-mounting system as in claim 8,
the stationary portion further comprising at least one pair of first and second mounting extensions;
the first mounting extension facing and spaced apart from the second mounting extension;
the first and second extensions each comprising an outward surface;
at least one of the outward surfaces comprising a lip;
the lip securingly engageable to an edge of an opening of the supporting structure;
the extensions being sufficiently flexible to allow disengagement from the supporting structure.
19. The sign-mounting system as in claim 8, the stationary portion being formed of polypropylene.
20. The sign-mounting system as in claim 8, further comprising means for mounting the stationary portion to the supporting structure in either of at least two orientations of the stationary portion with respect to the supporting structure.