1. A composition comprising, based on the total weight of the composition:
from 10 to 80 wt. % of a modified polybutylene terephthalate copolymer that (1) is derived from polyethylene terephthalate component selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate copolymers and (2) has at least one residue derived from the polyethylene terephthalate component;
from 10 to 80 wt. % of a polycarbonate;
from 0 to 20 wt. % of an impact modifier;
from 1 to less than 25 wt. % of a reinforcing filler;
from 0.1 to less than 2.5 wt. % of a fibrillated fluoropolymer;
from 0 to 5 wt. % of an additive selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, mold release agents, colorants, quenchers, stabilizers, and combinations thereof,
wherein the composition has a heat deflection temperature of at least 110\xb0 C., measured in accordance with to ASTM D648 on 3.2 mm thick molded bars at 0.455 MPa.
2. The composition of claim 1, wherein:
the composition exhibits an improved Notched Izod impact strength that is at least 20% more than the Notched Izod impact strength of an identical composition without the fibrillated fluoropolymer, wherein the notched Izod impact strength is measured in accordance with ASTM D 256 at 23\xb0 C. on 3.2 mm thick bars; and
the composition has a flexural modulus that is higher or within 5% of the flexural modulus of an identical composition without the fibrillated fluoropolymer, wherein flexural modulus is measured in accordance with ASTM D790 at 23\xb0 C.
3. The composition of claim 1, wherein
the composition exhibits an improved Notched Izod impact strength that is at least a 40% more than the Notched Izod impact strength of an identical composition without the fibrillated fluoropolymer; wherein the Notched Izod impact strength is measured in accordance with ASTM D256 on 3.2 mm thick bars at 23\xb0 C.; and
the composition has a flexural modulus that is higher or within 5% of the flexural modulus of an identical composition without the fibrillated fluoropolymer wherein flexural modulus is measured in accordance with ASTM D790 at 23\xb0 C.
4. The composition of claim 1, wherein
the composition exhibits an improved Notched Izod impact strength that is at least a 100% more than the Notched Izod impact strength of an identical composition without the fibrillated fluoropolymer, wherein the notched Izod impact strength is measured in accordance with ASTM D 256 at 23\xb0 C.; and
the composition has a flexural modulus that is higher or within 5% of the flexural modulus of an identical composition without the fibrillated fluoropolymer wherein flexural modulus is measured in accordance with ASTM D790 at 23\xb0 C.
5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the residue derived from the polyethylene terephthalate component is selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol groups, diethylene glycol groups, isophthalic acid groups, antimony-containing compounds, germanium-containing compounds, titanium-containing compounds, cobalt-containing compounds, tin-containing compounds, aluminum-containing compounds, aluminum, aluminum salts, 1,3-cyclohexane dimethanol isomers, 1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol isomers, alkaline earth metal salts, alkali salts, phosphorous-containing compounds and anions, sulfur-containing compounds and anions, napthalene dicarboxylic acids, 1,3-propane diol groups, and combinations thereof.
6. The composition of claim 1, wherein the at least one residue derived from the polyethylene terephthalate component comprises mixtures of ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol groups.
7. The composition of claim 1, wherein the residue derived from the polyethylene terephthalate component further comprises isophthalic acid groups.
8. The composition of claim 1, wherein the modified polybutylene terephthalate copolymer is derived from a 1,4-butanediol that is derived from biomass.
9. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polycarbonate comprises units derived from bisphenol A.
10. The composition of claim 1, wherein the impact modifier is a core-shell polymer selected from the group consisting of methyl (meth)acrylate-butadiene-styrenes, acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylates, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrenes, butyl acrylate impact modifiers, ethyl acrylate impact modifiers, and combinations thereof.
11. The composition of claim 1, wherein the impact modifier is an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene.
12. The composition of claim 1, wherein the impact modifier is a methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene.
13. The composition of claim 1, wherein the reinforcing filler is selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, mica, kaolin, talc, glass fibers, carbon fibers, magnesium carbonate, sulfates of barium, calcium sulfate, titanium, nanoclay, silica, hydroxides of aluminum or ammonium or magnesium, zirconia, nanoscale titania, and a combination thereof.
14. The composition of claim 13, wherein the filler is a talc having an average particle size of 0.3 to 3 micrometers.
15. The composition of claim 1, wherein the fluoropolymer is encapsulated by an encapsulating polymer selected from the group consisting of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers, alpha-alkyl-styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, alpha-methylstyrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, styrene-butadiene rubbers, methyl methacrylates, and combinations thereof.
16. The composition of claim 1, wherein the fluoropolymer further comprises styrene-acrylonitrile encapsulated poly(tetrafluoroethylene).
17. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises an additive selected from the group consisting of heat stabilizers, UV stabilizers, colorants, antioxidants, quenchers, mold release agents, and combinations thereof.
18. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition comprises less than 10 wt % of polybutylene terephthalate derived from a monomeric glycol component and a monomeric dicarboxylic acid component.
19. A composition comprising:
from 20 to 70 wt. % of a modified polybutylene terephthalate copolymer that (1) is derived from polyethylene terephthalate component selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene terephthalate copolymers and (2) has at least one residue derived from the polyethylene terephthalate component;
from 15 to 70 wt. % of a polycarbonate comprising carbonate units derived from bisphenol-A;
from 3 to 15 wt. % of a core-shell acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene or methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene impact modifier;
from 2 to 20 wt. % of a talc;
from 0.2 to less than 2.5 wt. % of styrene-acrylonitrile encapsulated poly(tetrafluoroethylene)); and
from 0 to 5 wt. % of an additive selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, mold release agents, colorants, quenchers, stabilizers, and combinations thereof.
20. The composition of claim 19, wherein the composition consists essentially of the poly(butylene terephthalate), the polycarbonate, the impact modifier, the talc, the additive, and the poly(tetrafluoroethylene).
21. A composition comprising:
from 20 to 50 wt. % of a modified polybutylene terephthalate;
from 40 to 60 wt. % of a bisphenol-A polycarbonate;
from 3 to 15 wt. % of a core-shell methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene impact modifier;
from 2 to 7 wt. % of a talc having an average particle size of 0.5 to 2 micrometers;
from 1 to less than 2.5 wt. % of styrene-acrylonitrile encapsulated poly(tetrafluoroethylene); and
from 0.1 to 4 wt. % of an additive composition comprising an additive selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, mold release agents, colorants, quenchers, stabilizers, and combinations thereof.
22. The composition of claim 21, wherein the composition consists essentially of the polybutylene terephthalate, the polycarbonate, the impact modifier, the talc, the additive, and the poly(tetrafluoroethylene).
23. A method of forming a composition comprising melt blending the components of the composition of claim 1.
24. A method of making an article, comprising melt blending the components of the composition of claim 1, and shaping the melt blended composition by injection molding, extrusion molding, rotation molding, foam molding, calendar molding, blow molding, thermoforming, compaction, or melt spinning to form the article.
25. An article comprising the composition of claim 1.
26. The article of claim 25, wherein the article is a door handle.
27. The article of claim 25, wherein the article is a lid for a container.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of production of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet superior in magnetic characteristics improving the core loss by forming lined closure domains substantially perpendicular to the rolling direction of the steel sheet and at substantially constant line spacing by scanning continuous wave laser beam, said method of production of grain-oriented electrical sheet characterized in that the laser is of a TEM00 mode with an intensity profile of the laser beam in a cross-section perpendicular to the direction of beam propagation having a maximum intensity near the center of the optical axis and in that the focused beam spot diameter in rolling direction d (mm), a linear scan rate V (mms) of the laser beam, and an average output P (W) of the laser are in the following ranges:
0<d\u22660.2
0.001\u2266PV\u22660.012.
2. A method of production of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet superior in magnetic characteristics as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that said d, V, and P are in the following ranges:
0.010\u2266d\u22660.10
0.001\u2266PV\u22660.008.
3. A method of production of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet superior in magnetic characteristics as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that said d, V, and P are in the following ranges:
0.010<d\u22660.060
0.002\u2266PV\u22660.006.
4. A method of production of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet superior in magnetic characteristics as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that said d, V, and P are in the following ranges:
0.010<d<0.040
0.002\u2266PV\u22660.006.
5. A method of production of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet superior in magnetic characteristics as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that when the focused beam spot diameter in rolling direction is d, the spot diameter in the direction perpendicular to that is dc, and the laser average output is P, the instantaneous peak power density Ip (kWmm2) is defined as Ip=P(d\xd7dc) and the range of Ip is 0<Ip\u2266100 kWmm2.
6. A method of production of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet superior in magnetic characteristics as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that said laser is a continuous wave fiber laser with an emission wavelength \u03bb of 1.07\u2266\u03bb\u22662.10 \u03bcm.
7. A method of production of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet superior in magnetic characteristics as set forth in claim 6, characterized in that said laser is a continuous wave fiber laser with an average output of 10 W or more.