1. A semiconductor device comprising:
a first element group connected to a first antenna;
a first substrate provided with the first element group;
a second element group connected to a second antenna; and
a second substrate which has a first region and a second region,
wherein the first antenna and the second antenna communicate with each other wirelessly,
wherein one of the first element group and the second element group comprises one selected from the group consisting of a thin film transistor and a field effect transistor,
wherein the other of the first element group and the second element group comprises a MEMS structure,
wherein the first region of the second substrate and the first substrate are directly bonded to each other without any layer interposed therebetween, and
wherein the second region is a depressed portion having a planar bottom surface.
2. A semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded to each other by anodic bonding or surface activated bonding.
3. A semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein a surface which is opposite side of a surface on which the first element group is provided and a surface which is opposite side of a surface on which the second element group is provided face each other.
4. A semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the MEMS structure is one selected from the group consisting of a transducer and a microactuator.
5. A semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein each of the first substrate and the second substrate comprises one selected from the group consisting of a single crystal silicon substrate, a silicon compound substrate, a compound semiconductor substrate, an SOI substrate, an alkali-free glass substrate, a soda glass substrate, a quartz substrate, a plastic substrate, and a metal substrate.
6. A semiconductor device comprising:
a first element group connected to a first antenna;
a first substrate provided with the first element group;
a second element group connected to a second antenna; and
a second substrate which has a first region and a second region,
wherein one of the first element group and the second element group comprises one selected from the group consisting of a thin film transistor and a field effect transistor,
wherein the other of the first element group and the second element group comprises a MEMS structure,
wherein the second element group is provided in the second region,
wherein the first antenna and the second antenna communicate with each other wirelessly,
wherein the first region of the second substrate and the first substrate are directly bonded to each other without any layer interposed therebetween,
wherein the second region is a depressed portion having a planar bottom surface, and
wherein a surface on which the first element group is provided and a surface on which the second element group is provided face each other.
7. A semiconductor device according to claim 6, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded to each other by anodic bonding or surface activated bonding.
8. A semiconductor device according to claim 6, wherein the MEMS structure is one selected from the group consisting of a transducer and a microactuator.
9. A semiconductor device according to claim 6, wherein each of the first substrate and the second substrate comprises one selected from the group consisting of a single crystal silicon substrate, a silicon compound substrate, a compound semiconductor substrate, an SOI substrate, an alkali-free glass substrate, a soda glass substrate, a quartz substrate, a plastic substrate, and a metal substrate.
10. A semiconductor device comprising:
a first element group connected to a first antenna;
a first substrate provided with the first element group;
a second element group connected to a second antenna; and
a second substrate which has a first region and a second region,
wherein one of the first element group and the second element group comprises one selected from the group consisting of a thin film transistor and a field effect transistor,
wherein the other of the first element group and the second element group comprises a MEMS structure,
wherein the second element group is provided in the second region,
wherein the first antenna and the second antenna communicate with each other wirelessly,
wherein the first region of the second substrate and the first substrate are directly bonded to each other without any layer interposed therebetween,
wherein the second region is a depressed portion having a planar bottom surface, and
wherein a surface which is opposite side of a surface on which the first element group is provided and a surface on which the second element group is provided face each other.
11. A semiconductor device according to claim 10, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are bonded to each other by anodic bonding or surface activated bonding.
12. A semiconductor device according to claim 10, wherein the MEMS structure is one selected from the group consisting of a transducer and a microactuator.
13. A semiconductor device according to claim 10, wherein each of the first substrate and the second substrate comprises one selected from the group consisting of a single crystal silicon substrate, a silicon compound substrate, a compound semiconductor substrate, an SOI substrate, an alkali-free glass substrate, a soda glass substrate, a quartz substrate, a plastic substrate, and a metal substrate.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. In combination with a railcar brake head having an end guide received within a channel or pocket of a railcar truck side frame for a sliding reciprocal movement therewithin when said brake head is installed on a railcar brake rigging, means for lubricating at least one surface of said end guide, said means comprising:
(a) at least one elongated groove provided in said at least one surface of said end guide in open communication therewith, said elongated groove having a length thereof disposed generally transverse to a direction of said sliding reciprocal movement of said end guide;
(b) a lubricating member secured within said at least one elongated groove, said lubricating member having a thickness portion thereof protruding, a predetermined height at initial installation, above said at least one surface of said end guide;
(c) whereby said predetermined height is reduced during said reciprocal movement of said end guide within said channel or pocket; and
(d) whereby material removed from said predetermined height during said reciprocal movement substantially resurfaces said at least one surface of said end guide.
2. The combination, according to claim 1, wherein said lubricating member is manufactured from a modified ultra high molecular weight polyethylene material.
3. The combination, according to claim 2, wherein said modified ultra high molecular weight polyethylene material has a molecular weight between about 3.5 and about 6.0 million.
4. The combination, according to claim 2, wherein said modified ultra high molecular weight polyethylene material has tensile yield strength of about 3,050 pounds per square inch.
5. The combination, according to claim 1, wherein said at least one elongated groove has each end thereof disposed in close proximity to and spaced from a respective longitudinal edge of said end guide.
6. An end guide for a railcar truck mounted brake rigging, said end guide comprising:
(a) a rigid body having a pair of opposed substantially flat surfaces defining thickness of said end guide, each of said pair of opposed substantially flat surfaces engaging an inner surface of a channel or pocket of a railcar truck side frame and disposed for a sliding reciprocal movement therewithin during operation of the railcar brake rigging;
(b) a pair of elongated grooves, each of said pair of elongated grooves provided in said each of said pair of opposed substantially flat surfaces of said rigid body in open communication therewith, said each elongated groove having a length thereof disposed generally transverse to said sliding reciprocal movement of said rigid body;
(c) a pair of lubricating members, each of said pair of lubricating members secured within a respective one of said pair of elongated grooves and having a thickness portion thereof protruding, a predetermined height at initial installation, above a respective one of said pair of substantially flat surfaces of said rigid body;
(d) whereby said predetermined height is reduced during said reciprocal movement of said rigid body within said channel or pocket; and
(e) whereby material removed from said predetermined height during said reciprocal movement substantially resurface said respective one of said pair of substantially flat surfaces.
7. The end guide, according to claim 6, wherein each elongated groove is disposed substantially centrally on said each of said pair of opposed substantially flat surfaces.
8. The end guide, according to claim 6, wherein each elongated groove is disposed in close proximity to diagonally opposed end of said rigid body.
9. The end guide, according to claim 1, wherein each of said pair of surfaces includes a tapered portion and wherein said each elongated groove is disposed in said tapered portion.
10. The end guide, according to claim 6, wherein said each lubricating member is manufactured from a modified ultra high molecular weight polyethylene material.
11. The end guide, according to claim 10, wherein said modified ultra high molecular weight polyethylene material has a molecular weight between about 3.5 and about 6.0 million.
12. The end guide, according to claim 10, wherein said modified ultra high molecular weight polyethylene material has tensile yield strength of about 3,050 pounds per square inch.
13. The end guide, according to claim 10, wherein said modified ultra high molecular weight polyethylene material has abrasion resistance of about 1.4 as determined by internal weight percentage method.
14. The end guide, according to claim 6, wherein said end guide is secured to or formed integral with a brake head assembly.
15. The end guide, according to claim 6, wherein said end guide is secured to or formed integral with one end of a brake beam.
16. In combination with a railcar truck having a pair of side frames and a pair of channels or pockets disposed in spaced apart relationship on an inner surface of each side frame, a brake rigging comprising:
(a) a pair of spaced apart brake beams;
(b) a linkage connecting said pair of brake beams so as to reciprocally move said pair of brake beams therebetween;
(c) plurality of brake head assemblies, each of said plurality of brake head assemblies disposed at an end of a brake beam in alignment with one wheel of said railcar truck;
(d) plurality of rigid bodies, each of said plurality of rigid bodies having a pair of opposed substantially flat surfaces, each of said pair of opposed substantially flat surfaces engaging an inner surface of a respectively positioned channel or pocket of said railcar truck and disposed for a sliding reciprocal movement therewithin during operation of said brake rigging;
(e) a plurality of elongated grooves, each of said plurality of elongated grooves provided in said each of said pair of opposed substantially flat surfaces of said each rigid body in open communication therewith, said each elongated groove having a length thereof disposed generally transverse to said sliding reciprocal movement of said each rigid body;
(f) a plurality of lubricating members, each of said plurality of lubricating members secured within a respective one of said plurality of elongated grooves and having a thickness portion thereof protruding, a predetermined height at initial installation, above a respective one of said pair of substantially flat surfaces of said each rigid body;
(g) whereby said predetermined height is reduced during said reciprocal movement of said each rigid body within said channel or pocket; and
(h) whereby material removed from said predetermined height during said reciprocal movement substantially resurfaces said respective one of said pair of substantially flat surfaces of said each rigid body.
17. The combination of claim 16, wherein said each rigid body is secured to or formed integral with said brake head assembly.
18. The combination of claim 16, wherein said each rigid body is secured to or formed integral with said one end of said brake beam.
19. The combination of claim 16, wherein said each lubricating member is secured within a respective elongated groove by a press fit method.
20. A method of lubricating at least one surface of an end guide in a railcar truck mounted brake rigging, said method comprising the steps of:
(a) providing an elongated groove within said at least one surface of said end guide in a direction substantially transverse to a direction of a reciprocal sliding movement of said end guide;
(b) securing a lubricating member within said elongated groove;
(c) extending an upper thickness portion of said lubricating member above said at least one surface of said end guide; and
(d) resurfacing said at least one surface of said end guide with said upper thickness portion of said lubricating member during said reciprocal sliding movement of said end guide.