1. An apparatus, comprising:
repair and fuse logic having fuse programming logic and configured to select and program programmable elements to repair memory;
a control module configured to issue commands to the repair and fuse logic to enable the repair and fuse logic;
a test access port (TAP) controller configured to enter an update IR state a first time and enter the update IR state a second time, wherein the TAP controller is configured to issue a first internal repair command to the sequencer to initialize repair responsive to entering the update IR state the first time; and
a sequencer coupled to the TAP controller and control module, and configured to enable the fuse programming logic and enable the repair and fuse logic to select programmable elements to program, the sequencer further configured to issue commands to the repair and fuse logic to program the programmable elements responsive to the TAP controller entering the update IR state the second time.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the TAP controller is included in a controller according to the IEEE 1149.1 standard.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sequencer comprises a self-repair sequencer configured to generate address and commands directed to the control module to cause the repair and fuse logic to program programmable elements.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sequencer is configured to enter a repair mode responsive to the TAP controller entering the update IR state the second time.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the repair and fuse logic is configured to automatically map redundant circuitry and select appropriate programmable elements to program.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sequencer is configured to enter a first state to enable the fuse programming logic and enter a second state to enable the repair and fuse logic to select programmable elements to program.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the repair and fuse logic is configured to blow fuses in a fuse bank to program the selectable programmable elements.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the sequencer is further configured to step through stored repair addresses and issue commands to cause the repair and fuse logic to program the programmable elements.
9. A method of repairing memory, comprising:
entering an update IR state a first time;
issuing an initialize repair command to a self-repair sequencer in a memory;
mapping redundant circuitry;
selecting programmable elements to program;
entering the update IR state a second time; and
programming selected programmable elements to repair the memory responsive to entering the update IR state the second time.
10. The method of claim 9, further comprising stepping through stored repair addresses.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein programming selected programmable elements comprises blowing fuses.
12. The method of claim 9 wherein mapping redundant circuitry and selecting programmable elements to program comprises selecting fuse bank addresses that map redundant row and column decoders.
13. The method of claim 9 wherein mapping redundant circuitry and selecting programmable elements to program comprises enabling repair and fuse logic to automatically map redundant circuitry and select fuses to blow.
14. The method of claim 9, further comprising entering an initialize repair mode responsive to issuing the initialize repair command.
15. The method of claim 9, further comprising entering a repair mode responsive to entering the update IR state the second time.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An immunogenic composition comprising at least one antigen delivery particle and at least one antigen, wherein the antigen and antigen delivery particle are linked using an intermediate linker, wherein said intermediate linker comprises at least one pair of complementary oligonucleotide sequences, wherein a first oligonucleotide is linked to the antigen delivery particle and a second oligonucleotide that is complementary to the first is linked to an antigen and wherein the antigen is linked to the antigen delivery particles through hybridisation of complementary oligonucleotides.
2. The immunogenic composition of claim 1 wherein the antigen delivery particle is selected from the group consisting of: liposome, ISCOM, oil droplet within an oil in water emulsion, microparticle, nanoparticle, or oil droplet.
3. The immunogenic composition of claim 1 wherein the oligonucleotides are selected from the group: DNA, RNA, and PNA.
4. The immunogenic composition of claim 3 wherein the oligonucleotides are DNA.
5. The immunogenic composition of claim 1 wherein the oligonucleotides comprises a phosphorothioate backbone.
6. The immunogenic composition of claim 4 wherein at least one of the oligonucleotides comprises one or more CpG motifs.
7. The immunogenic composition of claim 4 wherein at least one the oligonucleotides does not comprise one or more CpG motifs.
8. The immunogenic composition of claim 6 wherein the oligonucleotide sequence comprising one or more CpG motifs comprises the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 4 (ODN 2006).
9. The immunogenic composition of claim 1 wherein the one or more oligonucleotides is modified so as to facilitate conjugation of said oligonucleotide to an antigen delivery particle andor antigen.
10. The immunogenic composition of claim 9 wherein the one or more oligonucleotides is modified by the addition of a thiol (SH) group.
11. The immunogenic composition of claim 10 wherein the thiol group is conjugated to the 3\u2032 terminus of the oligonucleotide.
12. The immunogenic composition of claim 1 wherein at least one antigen delivery particle is linked to a first oligonucleotide by chemical conjugation.
13. The immunogenic composition claim 12 wherein at least one antigen is linked to a second oligonucleotide that is complementary to the first by chemical conjugation.
14. The immunogenic composition of claim 13 wherein at least one antigen is linked to at least one of the oligonucleotides by maleimide-based chemical conjugation.
15. The immunogenic composition of claim 1 wherein the immunogenic composition comprises an immunostimulant.
16. The immunogenic composition of claim 15 wherein the antigen delivery particle is a liposome and wherein at least one liposome comprises one or more immunostimulants.
17. The immunogenic composition of claim 15 wherein the immunostimulant is selected from the group consisting of: saponin; Toll-like Receptor 4 (TLR4) ligand; Toll-like receptor 7 andor 8 (TLR78) ligand; Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) ligand; or any combination thereof.
18. The immunogenic composition of claim 16 wherein the liposome comprises a saponin and a TLR4 ligand.
19. The immunogenic composition of claim 17 wherein the saponin is a derivative of Quil A.
20. The immunogenic composition of claim 19 wherein the Quil A derivative is QS21.
21. The immunogenic composition of claim 17 wherein the TLR4 ligand is mono-phosphoryl lipid A.
22. The immunogenic composition of claim 1 wherein the antigen delivery particle is a liposome and wherein at least one liposome comprises a sterol.
23. The immunogenic composition of claim 22 wherein the sterol is cholesterol.
24. The immunogenic composition of claim 1 comprising one or more different antigens.
25. A process for making an immunogenic composition comprising the steps of:
a. Conjugating of a first oligonucleotide to an antigen;
b. Conjugating of a second oligonucleotide complementary to the oligonucleotide in step a) to an antigen delivery particle;
c. Mixing of the antigen and antigen delivery particle under conditions that allow hybridization of the oligonucleotides.
26. A kit comprising i) at least one antigen delivery particle linked to an oligonucleotide and ii) at least one antigen linked to an oligonucleotide that is complementary to the oligonucleotide in i).
27. The kit according to claim 26 comprising one or more different types of antigen delivery particle.
28. The kit of either claim 26 or 27 comprising one or more different antigens.
29. The kit of claim 26 comprising one or more different oligonucleotides.
30. The kit of claim 26 claim further comprising one or more immunostimulants.
31. The kit of claim 26 wherein the at least one antigen delivery particle is linked to at least one antigen via hybridisation via the complementary oligonucleotides or the at least one antigen is linked to at least one antigen delivery particle via hybridisation via the complementary oligonucleotides.
32. The kit of claim 26 wherein the antigen delivery particle(s) and antigen(s) are not hybridised via complementary oligonucleotides.