1. A wire connecting apparatus for a magnetic contactor, comprising:
a plurality of wire connector assemblies;
a frame for supporting the wire connector assemblies; and
a plurality of terminals connected to an external wire, in which the wire connector assembly comprises:
a screw including a head portion, a threaded portion, and a flat surface portion between the head portion and the threaded portion and screw-coupled to the terminal or detached from the terminal, for connecting the external wire to the terminal or detaching the external wire from the terminal;
a washer installed at the flat surface portion of the screw for preventing the screw from being detached and widening a contact area between the external wire and the terminal;
a screw supporter including an upper plate having a groove portion for supporting the screw, a lower plate, and a connection portion for connecting the upper plate to the lower plate and installed at the frame to be perpendicularly movable, for supporting the screw and the washer to be prevented from vertically detaching therefrom; and
a supporter spring having one end supported by the screw supporter and the other end supported by the frame, for providing an elastic force to the screw supporter in an upper direction.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the groove portion of the screw supporter comprises:
an inclined surface formed at an entrance of the groove portion for guiding inserting of the screw;
a supporting portion for mounting the head portion of the screw; and
a neck portion formed between the inclined surface and the supporting portion and having a gap therebetween equal or smaller tothan a diameter of the flat surface portion of the screw, for preventing the screw inserted into the supporting portion from being detached from the supporting portion.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the lower plate of the screw supporter comprises:
a supporting boss formed at a lower surface thereof for supporting the supporter spring; and
a spring supporting protrusion protruding from an outer circumferential surface of the supporting boss for preventing the supporter spring from being detached therefrom.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein at least two spring supporting protrusions are provided.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the connection portion of the screw supporter has a window frame shape having a through hole for passing the terminal at a center thereof and having a horizontal frame and a vertical frame, and is integrally formed at each edge of the upper plate and the lower plate in a vertical direction.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the frame is provided with a receiving portion of the wire connector assembly, and the receiving portion is formed at a space between insulating partition walls formed at the frame with a predetermined gap.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the frame is provided with a guide slit for guiding the screw supporter to be moved in a vertical direction.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the guide slit is vertically formed at a contact edge between one surface of the frame and the insulating partition wall with a predetermined length.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a lift-limiting stopper for limiting a lifting of the screw supporter is provided at one surface of the frame, and an upper surface of the lift-limiting stopper is inclined so that the screw supporter can be guided to lower.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein a spring seat portion downwardly concaved for supporting a lower end of the supporter spring is provided at a bottom surface of the receiving portion.
11. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein a spring supporting wall for supporting the supporter spring is protruding from each insulating partition wall facing each other.
12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein a plurality of insulating partition walls for insulating each terminal are provided at the frame, and the groove portion of the upper plate of the screw supporter has an entrance towards the insulating partition wall so that the screw can be prevented from detaching from the screw supporter in a horizontal direction.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A process for controlling a filtration plant comprising at least one vacuum filter, at least one vacuum pump, and at least one vacuum tank configured to process a medium to be filtered and comprising solid particles and liquid to separate the medium into a concentrate containing predominantly solid particles and a filtrate containing predominantly liquid, the method comprising:
determining at least one first parameter of the filtration plant including at least one of (a) a residual moisture content of the concentrate as a function of a time t or as a function of at least one second parameter of the filtration plant and (b) a density of the filtrate as a function of a the time t or as a function of at least one second parameter of the filtration plant,
calculating at least one first characteristic comprising a derivative of the at least one first parameter, according to the time t or the at least one second parameter,
determining a sign of the at least one first characteristic, and
controlling the filtration plant as a function of the determined sign of the at least one first characteristic.
2. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the at least one second parameter is selected from the group consisting of:
a density of the medium that is to be filtered,
a pressure in the at least one vacuum filter,
a rotational speed of the at least one vacuum filter,
a temperature T in a region of the at least one vacuum filter,
a thickness of the concentrate,
a maximal service life of a filter fabric of the at least one vacuum filter,
a specific filter throughput, and
a fill-level in the at least one vacuum tank.
3. The process of claim 2,
comprising determining as a first pa rameter of the filtration plant the residual moisture content of the concentrate as a function of the time t,
determining the first characteristic and its sign based on the at least one first, parameter,
determining a density of the medium to be filtered as a function of the time t,
calculating a second characteristic comprising the derivative of the density of the medium to be filtered as a function of the time t,
increasing the density of the medium to be filtered the signs of both the first characteristic and the second characteristic are positive, and
decreasing the density of the medium to be filtered if the signs of both the first characteristic and the second characteristic are negative.
4. The process of claim 2, comprising:
wherein a first parameter of the filtration plant is the residual moisture content of the concentrate as a function of a second parameter in the form of the pressure in the vacuum filter,
determining the first characteristic or a further first characteristic and its sign based on the determined first parameter, and
increasing a pump throughput of the at least one vacuum pump if the determined sign is positive, and
decreasing the pump throughput of the at least one vacuum pump if the determined sign is negative.
5. The process of claim 2, comprising subjecting the concentrate that has formed on the filter fabric of the at least one vacuum filter to steam, and
measuring a temperature T in a steam space above the concentrate and regulating the temperature by increasing or reducing a supplied quantity of steam.
6. The process of claim 5, comprising:
wherein a first parameter of the filtration plant is the residual moisture content of the concentrate as a function of the temperature T,
determining the first characteristic or a further first characteristic and its sign based on the determined first parameter,
increasing the temperature if the determined sign is positive, and
decreasing the temperature if the determined sign is negative.
7. The process of claim 2, comprising:
wherein a first parameter of the filtration plant is the residual moisture content of the concentrate as a function of a second parameter in the form of the specific filter throughput,
determining first characteristic or a further first characteristic and its sign based on the determined, first parameter,
determining the residual moisture content of the concentrate as a function of a thickness of the concentrate,
calculating as a second characteristic a derivative of the residual moisture content based on the thickness of the concentrate,
increasing a rotational speed of the at least one vacuum filter if the signs of the first characteristic and the second characteristic are positive, and
decreasing the rotational speed of the at least one vacuum, filter if the signs of the first characteristic and the second characteristic are negative.
8. The process of claim 2, comprising:
wherein a first parameter of the filtration plant is either (a) the residual moisture content of the concentrate is determined as a function of the time t andor (b) the density of the filtrate as a function of the time t,
determining the first characteristic or a further first characteristic and its sign based on the first parameter, and
outputting a signal for the replacement of the filter fabric of the at least one vacuum filter by the at least one computing unit if (a) the first characteristic or the further first characteristic has a positive sign and a predetermined maximal service life of the filter fabric has been exceeded.
9. An apparatus for controlling a filtration plant comprising at least one vacuum filter, at least one vacuum pump and at least one vacuum tank, by means of which a medium to be filtered, and comprising solid particles and liquid is separated into a concentrate containing predominantly solid particles and a filtrate containing predominantly liquid, the apparatus comprising:
a filtration plant for separating a medium that is to be filtered and comprises solid particles and liquid into a concentrate containing predominantly solid particles and a filtrate containing predominantly liquid, the filtration plant comprising at least one vacuum filter, at least one vacuum pump, and at least one vacuum tank for holding a medium to be filtered,
at least one first device for determining at least one first parameter of the filtration plant, the at least one first parameter comprising at least one of (a) a residual moisture content of the concentrate as a function of a time t or as a function of at least one second parameter and (b) a density of the filtrate as a function of the time t or as a function of the at least one second parameter,
at least one computing unit for calculating as at least one first characteristic a derivative of the at least one first parameter as a function of the time t or the least one second parameter, and for determining a sign of the at least one first characteristic, and
at least one control unit coupled to the at least one computing unit and configured to control the filtration plant as a function of the determined sign.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the filtration plant comprises:
at least one first metering device for metering a raw medium comprising liquid and solid particles,
at least one second metering device for adding further liquid to the raw medium, and
a first measuring device for capturing the density of the medium to be filtered, and
wherein the at least one control unit is configured as to change the density of the medium based on a specification of the at least one computing unit by controlling at least one of the at least one first metering device and the at least one second metering device.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the filtration plant comprises:
at least one third metering device for metering the medium into the vacuum tank, and
at least one third measuring device for determining the fill-level of medium in the vacuum tank, and
wherein the at least one control unit is configured to change the fill-level of medium in the vacuum tank based on a specification of the at least one computing unit by controlling the at least one third metering device.
12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein:
the filtration plant features comprises a second measuring device for capturing the pressure in the at least one vacuum filter, and
the at least one control unit is configured to change the pump throughput of the at least one vacuum pump based on a specification of the at least one computing unit.
13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the filtration plant comprises:
at least one drive for the at least one vacuum filter, and
at least one rotational speed regulator for capturing and regulating the rotational speed of the at least one vacuum filter, and
wherein the at least one control andor regulation unit is configured to change the rotational speed* based on a specification of the at least one computing unit by controlling the at least one drive.
14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the filtration plant comprises:
at least one steam supply device for applying steam to the concentrate that has formed, and
a temperature measuring device for determining the temperature T in a steam space above the concentrate, and
wherein the at least one control unit is configured to change the steam supply quantity based on a specification of the at least one computing unit by controlling the at least one steam supply device.
15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the at least one computing unit comprises a signal output unit for outputting at least one of an optical warning signal and an acoustic warning signal regarding a replacement of the filter fabric.
16. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the filtration plant further comprises a fourth measuring device for determining a thickness of the concentrate that has formed.