1. A photoelectric conversion device comprising a photoelectric conversion part including a pair of electrodes and a photoelectric conversion layer provided between the pair of electrodes, wherein
the photoelectric conversion part further includes a first charge blocking layer for reducing an injection of a charge into the photoelectric conversion layer from one of the pair of electrodes when a voltage is applied between the pair of electrodes, the first charge blocking layer being provided between the one of the pair of electrodes and the photoelectric conversion layer; and
the first charge blocking layer has a relative dielectric constant larger than a relative dielectric constant of the photoelectric conversion layer.
2. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 1, wherein
the photoelectric conversion part further includes a second charge blocking layer for reducing an injection of a charge into the photoelectric conversion layer from other of the pair of electrodes when a voltage is applied between the pair of electrodes, the second charge blocking layer being provided between the other of the pair of electrodes and the photoelectric conversion layer; and
the second charge blocking layer has a relative dielectric constant larger than a relative dielectric constant of the photoelectric conversion layer.
3. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 1, wherein a value obtained by dividing a thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer by the relative dielectric constant of the photoelectric conversion layer is larger than a value obtained by dividing a thickness of the first charge blocking layer by the relative dielectric constant of the first charge blocking layer.
4. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 2, wherein a value obtained by dividing a thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer by the relative dielectric constant of the photoelectric conversion layer is larger than a sum of a value obtained by dividing a thickness of the first charge blocking layer by the relative dielectric constant of the first charge blocking layer and a value obtained by dividing a thickness of the second charge blocking layer by the relative dielectric constant of the second charge blocking layer.
5. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the first charge blocking layer has a thickness of from 10 to 200 nm.
6. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the first charge blocking layer has a relative dielectric constant of 5 or more.
7. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the first charge blocking layer is transparent.
8. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 1, wherein a value obtained by dividing a voltage externally applied between the pair of electrodes by a sum of a thickness of the first charge blocking layer and a thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer is from 1.0\xd7105 Vcm to 1.0\xd7107 Vcm.
9. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the first charge blocking layer comprises an inorganic material.
10. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 2, wherein the first charge blocking layer has a thickness of from 10 to 200 nm, and the second charge blocking layer has a thickness of from 10 to 200 nm.
11. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 2, wherein the first charge blocking layer has a relative dielectric constant of 5 or more, and the second charge blocking layer has a relative dielectric constant of 5 or more.
12. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 2, wherein each of the first charge blocking layer and the second charge blocking layer is transparent.
13. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 2, wherein a value obtained by dividing a voltage externally applied between the pair of electrodes by a sum of a thickness of the first charge blocking layer, a thickness of the second charge blocking layer and a thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer is from 1.0\xd7105 Vcm to 1.0\xd7107 Vcm.
14. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 2, wherein the first charge blocking layer comprises an inorganic material, and the second charge blocking layer comprises an inorganic material.
15. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 9, wherein the inorganic material is an inorganic oxide.
16. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer has a relative dielectric constant of 3 or more.
17. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the photoelectric conversion layer comprises an organic material.
18. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the pair of electrodes is a transparent electrode.
19. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 18, wherein both of the pair of electrodes are a transparent electrode.
20. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 1, wherein, of the pair of electrodes, the electrode in a light incident side is an electrode for collecting electrons generated in the photoelectric conversion layer.
21. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 1, which comprises:
a semiconductor substrate having at least one of the photoelectric conversion part stacked on an upper side thereof;
a charge storage part provided in the semiconductor substrate, for storing a charge generated in the photoelectric conversion layer in the photoelectric conversion part; and
a connecting part for electrically connecting an electrode for collecting the charge, which is one of the pair of electrodes in the photoelectric conversion part, to the charge storage part.
22. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 21, further comprising an in-substrate photoelectric conversion part provided in the semiconductor substrate, for absorbing light which has transmitted through the photoelectric conversion layer in the photoelectric conversion part, generating a charge corresponding to the light and storing the charge.
23. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 22, wherein the in-substrate photoelectric conversion part comprises plural photodiodes for absorbing light of a different color, respectively, the plural photodiodes being stacked in the semiconductor substrate.
24. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 22, wherein the in-substrate photoelectric conversion part comprises plural photodiodes provided in the semiconductor substrate for absorbing light of a different color, respectively, the plural photodiodes being arranged in a direction vertical to a direction of the incident light.
25. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 21, wherein
one of the photoelectric conversion part is stacked on an upper side of the semiconductor substrate;
the plural photodiodes are a photodiode having a p-n junction provided in a position suitable for absorbing blue light and a photodiode having a p-n junction provided in a position suitable for absorbing red light; and
the photoelectric conversion layer in the photoelectric conversion part absorbs green light.
26. The photoelectric conversion device according to claim 21, wherein
the charge stored in the charge storing part is electrons; and
of the pair of electrodes in the photoelectric conversion part, the electrode in the light incident side is an electrode for collecting electrons.
27. A solid-state imaging device including a number of the photoelectric conversion device according to claim 21, provided in an array state, wherein a signal read-out part for reading out a signal corresponding to the charge stored in the charge storing part of each of the photoelectric conversion devices is provided.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A gas cooled dynamoelectric machine, comprising:
a rotor having a body portion, said rotor having axially extending coils and endwindings extending axially beyond at least one end of said body portion;
a plurality of spaceblocks disposed between said endwindings;
a plurality of cavities being defined between mutually adjacent endwindings and spaceblocks;
at least one said spaceblock having a radially-extending duct defined therein, said duct extending between an inlet opening and an outlet opening; and
wherein said outlet opening is disposed in a surface of said at least one spaceblock facing a cavity adjacent thereto, said outlet opening being defined in a mid-section of said spaceblock so as to emit said cooling gas flow generally in a direction of a central region of said cavity.
2. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 1, wherein said inlet opening is located adjacent a radially inward end of said at least one spaceblock.
3. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 1, wherein said outlet opening is formed on a circumferentially oriented surface of said at least one spaceblock.
4. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 1, wherein said inlet opening is formed on a circumferentially oriented surface of said at least one spaceblock.
5. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 1, wherein a plurality of said spaceblocks have a radially-extending duct formed therein.
6. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 1, wherein there are a plurality of outlet openings, at least one said outlet opening emitting said cooling gas flow generally in a direction of a central region of said cavity.
7. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 6, wherein said outlet openings are defined in a common surface of said at least one spaceblock.
8. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 6, wherein said outlet openings are defined in at least first and second surfaces of said at least one spaceblock.
9. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 8, wherein a partition member is disposed in said duct for defining first and second passage portions.
10. A gas cooled dynamoelectric machine, comprising:
a rotor having a spindle and a body portion;
a rotor winding comprising axially extending coils disposed on said body portion and spaced, concentric endwindings extending axially beyond at least one end of said body portion, said endwindings and said spindle defining a space therebetween;
a plurality of spaceblocks located between adjacent ones of said endwindings, at least one of said spaceblocks having an internal duct, including an inlet opening and an outlet opening, extending from said space between said endwindings and said spindle to a cavity located between respective endwindings; and
said duct outlet opening being disposed in said spaceblock so as to emit said cooling gas flow in a direction of a central region of said cavity.
11. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 10, wherein a plurality of said spaceblocks have an internal duct formed therein.
12. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 10, wherein there are a plurality of outlet openings, at least one said outlet opening emitting said cooling gas flow generally in a direction of a central region of said cavity.
13. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 12, wherein said outlet openings are defined in a common surface of said at least one spaceblock.
14. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 12, wherein said outlet openings are defined in at least first and second surfaces of said at least one spaceblock.
15. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 12, further comprising a retaining ring disposed around said endwindings, and wherein said internal duct extends from a point radially inward of said endwindings to a point near said retaining ring.
16. The dynamoelectric machine of claim 12, wherein at least one said outlet opening is directed at an angle of less than 90 degrees with respect to an axis of said rotor so as to impinge cooling gas on an endwinding adjacent thereto.
17. A method of cooling endwindings in a dynamoelectric machine comprising a rotor having a body portion, axially extending coils and endwindings extending axially beyond at least one end of said body portion; a plurality of spaceblocks disposed between said endwindings; and a plurality of cavities being defined between mutually adjacent endwindings and spaceblocks; the method comprising:
providing at least one said spaceblock having a radially-extending duct defined therein, said duct extending between an inlet opening and an outlet opening, said outlet opening being disposed in a surface of said at least one spaceblock facing a cavity adjacent thereto, said outlet opening being defined in a mid-section of said spaceblock; and
rotating said rotor so that a pressure head drives a cooling gas through said inlet opening into said radially-extending duct and through said outlet opening into a respective cavity, so as to emit said cooling gas flow generally in a direction of a central region of said cavity.
18. A method as in claim 17, wherein there are a plurality of outlet openings whereby cooling gas is directed into cavities on each side of said at least one spaceblock.
19. A method as in claim 17, wherein there are a plurality of outlet openings whereby cooling gas is directed in radially outer, radially inner, and central regions of said cavity.
20. A method as in claim 17, wherein there are a plurality of outlet openings, at least one said outlet opening being directed at an angle of less than 90 degrees with respect to an axis of said rotor so as to impinge cooling gas on an endwinding adjacent thereto.