1. A fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof represented by Formula (I):
{wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group; n represents an integer of 0 to 3; X1 and X2 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group; and formula (II):
represents formula (III):
wherein X\u2014Y\u2014Z represents R2C\u2550CR3\u2014NR4 (wherein R2, R3 and R4 may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group), R2C\u2550N\u2014NR4 (wherein R2 and R4 have the same meanings as defined above, respectively), R4N\u2014CR3\u2550CR2 (wherein R2, R3 and R4 have the same meanings as defined above, respectively), or R4N\u2014N\u2550CR2 (wherein R2 and R4 have the same meanings as defined above, respectively) or formula (IV):
wherein Xa\u2014Ya\u2014Za represents R2HC\u2014NR3\u2014CHR4 (wherein R2, R3 and R4 have the same meanings as defined above, respectively), R2HC\u2014NR3\u2014NH (wherein R2 and R3 have the same meanings as defined above, respectively), or NH\u2014NR3\u2014CHR4 (wherein R3 and R4 have the same meanings as defined above, respectively)}.
2. The fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1, wherein R1 is substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl.
3. The fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1, wherein R3 is substituted or unsubstituted aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl.
4. The fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1, wherein X1 is substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl and X2 is a hydrogen atom.
5. A Pharmaceutical composition comprising the fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 as an active ingredient.
6. A therapeutic agent for diabetes comprising the fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 as an active ingredient.
7. A preventive andor therapeutic agent for diabetic complications comprising the fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 as an active ingredient.
8. A blood glucose-lowering agent comprising the fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 as an active ingredient.
9. An insulin secretagogue comprising the fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1 as an active ingredient.
10-13. (canceled)
14. A method for treating diabetes, which comprises administering an effective amount of the fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1.
15. A method for preventing andor treating diabetic complications, which comprises administering an effective amount of the fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1.
16. A method for lowering blood glucose levels, which comprises administering an effective amount of the fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1.
17. A method for stimulating secretion of insulin, which comprises administering an effective amount of the fused pyrimidine derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof according to claim 1.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method of radio frequency (RF) power transmission in a wireless network including multiple wireless stations, the method comprising:
generating control signals for switching a receiving wireless station between a power reception mode and a data reception mode;
switching the wireless station between power reception and data reception modes based on the control signals; and
providing a power inter-frame space interval for generating RF transmission for powering wireless stations in the wireless network.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the control signals provide switching information including information about which of the modes to switch to, and information about timing of the switching.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein in the data reception mode, the receiving wireless station processes an RF transmission from a sending wireless station as a data communication, and in the power reception mode the receiving wireless station processes the RF transmission as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the wireless network comprises a WLAN or WPAN network.
5. The method of claim 1 further including:
the receiving station switching between the data receiving and power receiving modes based on the control signals;
in the data reception mode, the receiving wireless station utilizing an RF transmission from the sending wireless station as a data communication; and
in the power reception mode, the receiving wireless station utilizing the RF transmission as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein utilizing the RF transmission as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station further includes: the receiving station utilizing an RF transmission from a coordinator station or from a peer station, as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein:
the wireless network comprises a star network such that the sending wireless station functions as a coordinator station; and
utilizing the RF transmission as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station further includes: the receiving station utilizing an RF transmission from the coordinator station as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein:
the coordinator station generates a beacon frame providing scheduling information for channel access.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the wireless network comprises a mesh network such that the sending wireless station functions as a peer station; and
utilizing the RF transmission as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station further includes: the receiving station utilizing an RF transmission from a peer station as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein mains powered wireless stations generate the RF transmission for powering battery powered wireless stations, wherein an RTS frame for power transmission is always transmitted when no RTS frame for data transmission is received after a previous data communication in the network neighborhood.
11. An apparatus for radio frequency (RF) power transmission in a wireless network including multiple wireless stations, comprising:
a controller that operates in a receiving station to generate control signals for switching a receiving wireless station between a power reception mode and a data reception mode;
wherein the controller comprises a media access control (MAC) layer that provides a power inter-frame space interval for generating RF transmission for powering wireless stations in the wireless network.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein, the control signals providing switching information including information about which of the modes to switch to, and information about timing of the switching
13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein in the data reception mode, the receiving wireless station processes an RF transmission from a sending wireless station as a data communication, and in the power reception mode the receiving wireless station processes the RF transmission as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the wireless network comprises a WLAN or WPAN network.
15. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the receiving station utilizes an RF transmission from a coordinator station or from a peer station, as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
16. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the wireless network comprises a star network such that the sending wireless station is configured to function as a coordinator station and the receiving station utilizes an RF transmission from the coordinator station as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein:
the coordinator station is configured for generating a beacon frame providing scheduling information about channel access.
18. The apparatus of claim 13 wherein:
the wireless network comprises a mesh network such that the sending wireless station functions as a peer station; and
the receiving station utilizes an RF transmission from a peer station as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
19. A wireless communication system for radio frequency (RF) power transmission, comprising:
multiple wireless stations that form a wireless network; and
a controller module in a receiving wireless station for RF power transmission, the controller module including:
a controller function that generates control signals for switching the receiving wireless station between a power reception mode and a data reception mode;
wherein the controller comprises a media access control (MAC) layer that provides a power inter-frame space interval for generating RF transmission for powering wireless stations in the wireless network.
20. The system of claim 19, wherein the control signals provide switching information including information about which of the modes to switch to, and information about timing of the switching.
21. The system of claim 20, wherein in the data reception mode, the receiving wireless station processes an RF transmission from a sending wireless station as a data communication, and in the power reception mode the receiving wireless station processes the RF transmission as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
22. The system of claim 21, wherein the wireless network comprises a WLAN or WPAN network.
23. The system of claim 19, wherein the receiving station: switches between the data receiving and power receiving modes based on the received control signals; in the data reception mode, uses an RF transmission from the sending wireless station as a data communication; and in the power reception mode, uses the RF transmission as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
24. The system of claim 19, wherein the receiving station utilizes an RF transmission from a coordinator station or from a peer station, as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
25. The system of claim 19, wherein the wireless network comprises a star network such that the receiving station uses an RF transmission from the sending station as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
26. The system of claim 19 wherein:
the wireless network comprises a mesh network such that the sending wireless station functions as a peer station; and
the receiving station uses an RF transmission from a peer station as energy radiation for powering the receiving wireless station.
27. The system of claim 19, wherein the controller module balances duration of power transmission and latency in data transmission by determining traffic pattern in the neighborhood, wherein:
if the communication traffic pattern is regular, then estimating a time period when a probability of data transmission is very low and selecting such timer period for transmitting power to the receiving station; and
based on the communication pattern, determining an average data transmission time and a minimummaximum interval between data transmissions, and selecting a time interval for duration of power transmission therefrom.
28. The system of claim 19, wherein battery powered wireless stations are prevented from transmitting data during power transmissions.
29. An apparatus for receiving radio frequency (RF) power transmission in a wireless network including multiple wireless stations, comprising:
a receiver that receives data, wherein the receiver generates control signals for switching between a power reception mode and a data reception mode;
wherein the receiver comprises a media access control (MAC) layer that provides a power inter-frame space interval for generating RF transmission for powering wireless stations in the wireless network.
30. A method for receiving radio frequency (RF) power transmission in a wireless network including multiple wireless stations, the method comprising:
receiving an RF transmission;
generating control signals for switching a receiving wireless station between a power reception mode and a data reception mode based on the received wireless transmission; and
switching the wireless station between power reception and data reception modes based on the control signals,
wherein a power inter-frame space interval is used for generating the RF transmission for powering wireless stations in the wireless network.
31. A wireless node in a wireless network including multiple wireless stations, comprising:
an interface that switches modes between a power reception circuit and a data reception circuit;
wherein the interface comprises a media access control (MAC) layer that provides a power inter-frame space interval for generating RF transmission for powering wireless stations in the wireless network.