1-10. (canceled)
11. Bioactive dishes for cell cultures comprising on their bottom a bilayer comprising an internal primary layer made of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), or polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in contact with the bottom of the dishes, and an external bioactive layer made of carboxypropylmethylcellulose situated on said internal layer.
12. Bioactive dishes according to claim 11, wherein the bioactive dishes are presented in the form of Petri dishes, such as polystyrene Petri dishes of commercial origin, or in the form of multi-well plates, on the bottom of which the bilayer is situated.
13. Bioactive dishes according to claim 11, wherein the thicknesses of the internal HPMC or PVA layer, and of the external CMC layer, are a few microns, in particular approximately 1 to 5 microns.
14. Method for preparing bioactive dishes according to claim 11, said method comprising:
a stage of activation of the surface of the bottom of the dishes by electromagnetic discharges,
depositing the internal HPMC layer on the bottom of the dishes, then drying, and
depositing the external bioactive layer on the dried primary layer obtained in the preceding stage, then drying.
15. Bioactive dishes according to claim 11, to carry out:
methods for studying cell ageing, cell differentiation, and apoptosis,
methods for screening anti-ageing molecules intended to prevent and delay the effects of ageing,
methods for screening antitumor molecules intended for the treatment of cancer,
methods for in vitro diagnosis of tumor-cell malignancy by measurement of the residual ability of cancer cells to differentiate, and to enter into apoptosis and therefore methods for in vitro tumor prognosis, and
study methods relating to research into signalling controlling morphology, bioadhesion, cell proliferation and intercellular communication.
16. Method for screening anti-ageing molecules intended to prevent and delay the effects of ageing, said method comprising:
a stage of culturing cells, such as fibroblasts, in the presence of the anti-ageing molecules to be studied, in the culture dishes defined in claim 11,
observing the cells by microscope in order to study their morphology, andor the detection, or even the quantification, of the proliferation and syntheses, and
comparing the observations and results obtained on cultures of cells used as controls, said control cultures being carried out by culturing said cells in the dishes in the absence of said anti-ageing molecules to be studied.
17. Method for screening antitumor molecules intended for the treatment of cancer, comprising:
a stage of culturing cells, such as animal or human melanoma cells, in the presence of the antitumor molecules to be studied, in the culture dishes defined in claim 11,
observing the cells by microscope in order to study their morphology and their differentiation, andor the detection, or even the quantification, of their proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, and
comparing with the observations and results obtained on cell cultures used as controls, said control cultures being carried out by culturing said cells in the culture dishes in the absence of said antitumor molecules to be studied.
18. Method for in vitro diagnosis of the malignancy of tumor cells by measurement of the residual ability of cancer cells to differentiate, said method comprising:
a stage of culturing cancer cells, such as human melanoma cells obtained from biopsies, in the culture dishes defined in claim 11,
observing the cells by microscope in order to study their morphology and differentiation, andor
detecting or quantifying, of their proliferation viability and apoptosis.
19. Application of the diagnosis method according to claim 18 to the in vitro prognosis of tumors.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A process for forming an OLED device, comprising:
providing a substrate having a first electrode and one or more organic layers formed thereon, at least one organic layer being a light-emitting layer;
forming a conductive protective layer over the one or more organic layers opposite the first electrode by employing a vapor deposition process comprising alternately providing a first reactive gaseous material and a second reactive gaseous material, wherein the first reactive gaseous material is capable of reacting with the organic layers treated with the second reactive gaseous material, wherein the temperature of the gaseous materials and organic layers are less than 140 degrees C while the gases are reacting and wherein the resistivity of the protective layer is greater than 106 ohm per square; and
forming a second electrode over the conductive protective layer by sputter deposition.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the second electrode and the conductive protection layer are transparent
3. The process of claim 2 wherein the transparent conductive protective layer has a refractive index less than or equal to the refractive index of transparent second electrode.
4. The process of claim 2 wherein the transparent conductive protective layer has a refractive index greater than or equal to the refractive index of the one or more organic layers.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein the first electrode is transparent.
6. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductive protective layer has a resistivity of less than 1012 ohms per square.
7. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductive protective layer has a resistivity of less than or equal to 1010 ohms per square and more than or equal to 108 ohms per square.
8. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductive protective layer comprises a metal oxide, metal nitride, or metal sulfide.
9. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductive protective layer comprises a doped metal oxide and the dopant reduces the conductivity of the metal oxide.
10. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductive protective layer comprises a zinc oxide, molybdenum oxide, indium tin oxide, silicon oxide, zinc sulfide, or silicon nitride.
11. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductive protective layer is deposited upon the organic layers in a chamber having an atmosphere.
12. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductive protective layer is formed at an internal pressure substantially equal to or greater than one atmosphere.
13. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductive protective layer is formed at an internal atmosphere comprising nitrogen, argon, or air.
14. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductive protective layer is formed at a temperature less than 120 degrees C.
15. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductive protective layer provides a hermetic coating over the OLED elements.
16. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductive protective layer is less than or equal to 100 nm thick.
17. The process of claim 1 wherein the conductive protective layer is formed by employing one or more gas distribution manifolds that move with respect to the substrate.
18. The process of claim 1, wherein the vapor deposition process is an atomic layer deposition process.
19. An OLED device comprising a substrate having a first electrode and one or more organic layers formed thereon, at least one organic layer being a light-emitting layer; a conductive protective layer formed over the one or more organic layers opposite the first electrode wherein the resistivity of the protective layer is greater than 106 ohm per square; and a sputter deposited second electrode formed over the conductive protective layer; wherein the device is made according to the process of claim 1 and wherein the organic layers are not thermally damaged during deposition of the conductive protective layer.