1. A sparse variable optimization device comprising:
a gradient computation unit for computing a gradient of an objective function in a designated value of a variable;
an added variable selection unit for adding one of variables included in a variable set, to a nonzero variable set;
a variable optimization unit for optimizing a value of a variable to be optimized, for each variable included in the nonzero variable set;
a deleted variable selection unit for deleting a variable that, when deleted, causes a smallest increase of the objective function from among variables included in the nonzero variable set, from the nonzero variable set; and
an objective function evaluation unit for computing a value of the objective function for the variable to be optimized,
wherein the gradient computation unit computes the gradient of the objective function in the variable to be optimized, and
wherein the added variable selection unit adds a variable corresponding to a largest absolute value of the computed gradient from among the variables included in the variable set, to the nonzero variable set.
2. The sparse variable optimization device according to claim 1, wherein the gradient computation unit computes the gradient of the objective function in the variable to be optimized, the objective function representing a logistic regression model, and
wherein the deleted variable selection unit deletes the variable that causes the smallest increase of the objective function, from the nonzero variable set.
3. The sparse variable optimization device according to claim 1, wherein the gradient computation unit uses a covariance function as the objective function, and computes the gradient of the objective function in an off-diagonal element of a precision matrix which is an inverse of a covariance matrix,
wherein the variable optimization unit optimizes the off-diagonal element of the precision matrix, for each off-diagonal nonzero component of the precision matrix,
wherein the deleted variable selection unit sets a nonzero component that, when deleted, causes the smallest increase of the objective function from among off-diagonal nonzero components of the precision matrix, to zero, and
wherein the objective function evaluation unit computes the value of the objective function for the off-diagonal element of the precision matrix.
4. The sparse variable optimization device according to claim 1, comprising
an optimality determination unit for determining that the variable to be optimized is optimized, in the case where the largest absolute value of the computed gradient is less than a predetermined threshold.
5. The sparse variable optimization device according to claim 2, comprising
an optimality determination unit for determining that the variable to be optimized is optimized, in the case where the largest absolute value of the computed gradient is less than a predetermined threshold.
6. The sparse variable optimization device according to claim 3, comprising
an optimality determination unit for determining that the variable to be optimized is optimized, in the case where the largest absolute value of the computed gradient is less than a predetermined threshold.
7. A sparse variable optimization method comprising:
computing a gradient of an objective function in a designated value of a variable;
adding one of variables included in a variable set, to a nonzero variable set;
optimizing a value of a variable to be optimized, for each variable included in the nonzero variable set;
deleting a variable that, when deleted, causes a smallest increase of the objective function from among variables included in the nonzero variable set, from the nonzero variable set; and
computing a value of the objective function for the variable to be optimized,
wherein when computing the gradient, the gradient of the objective function in the variable to be optimized is computed, and
wherein a variable corresponding to a largest absolute value of the computed gradient from among the variables included in the variable set is added to the nonzero variable set.
8. The sparse variable optimization method according to claim 7, wherein when computing the gradient, the gradient of the objective function in the variable to be optimized is computed, the objective function representing a logistic regression model, and
wherein the variable that causes the smallest increase of the objective function is deleted from the nonzero variable set.
9. A non-transitory computer readable information recording medium storing a sparse variable optimization program that, when executed by a processor, performs a method for:
computing a gradient of an objective function in a designated value of a variable;
adding one of variables included in a variable set, to a nonzero variable set;
optimizing a value of a variable to be optimized, for each variable included in the nonzero variable set;
deleting a variable that, when deleted, causes a smallest increase of the objective function from among variables included in the nonzero variable set, from the nonzero variable set; and
computing a value of the objective function for the variable to be optimized,
wherein when computing the gradient, the gradient of the objective function in the variable to be optimized is computed, and
wherein a variable corresponding to a largest absolute value of the computed gradient from among the variables included in the variable set is added to the nonzero variable set.
10. The non-transitory computer readable information recording medium according to claim 9, wherein when computing the gradient, the gradient of the objective function in the variable to be optimized is computed, the objective function representing a logistic regression model, and
wherein the variable that causes the smallest increase of the objective function is deleted from the nonzero variable set.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for providing a dose of a gaseous drug to a patient that has a respiratory disorder comprising:
determining a normal resting breath rate for the patient at a particular time;
b. monitoring the current breath rate of the patient;
c. comparing the current breath rate with the normal resting breath rate; and
d. providing a dose of the gaseous drug based on the comparison of the current breath rate with the normal breath rate.
2. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the dose is delivered during a first two-thirds of an inhalation cycle.
3. The method as recited in claim 1 including:
a. determining a standard ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time during a breath for a patient;
b. monitoring the current ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time;
c. comparing the current ratio with the standard ratio; and
d. adjusting the dose of the gaseous drug provided based on a change in the ratio of inhalation and exhalation.
4. The method as recited in claim 1 including varying the flow of the dose delivered to the patient so that less flow will be used when the patient is close to normal resting breath rate.
5. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the normal resting breath rate for the patient is determined by a control circuit that is connected to a vacuum sensor that senses a patient’s inhalation.
6. The method as recited in claim 5 wherein the current breath rate is monitored by the vacuum sensor and provided to the control circuit.
7. The method as recited in claim 6 wherein the normal breath rate is compared with current breath rate by the control circuit.
8. The method as recited in claim 7 wherein the comparison of the current breath rate with the normal resting breath rate is done by the control circuit and based on the comparison, the control circuit determines the dose of the gaseous drug to fit the need of the patient.
9. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein the dose is provided by the control circuit adjusting a valve to deliver an appropriate dose to the patient.
10. The method as recited in claim 8 wherein the dose is provided by the control circuit choosing from a low flow valve, a high flow valve, a combination of the low flow and high flow valve to deliver an appropriate dose to the patient.
11. A method for providing a dose of a gaseous drug to a patient that has a respiratory disorder comprising:
a. determining a standard ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time during a breath for a patient;
b. monitoring the current ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time;
c. comparing the current ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time with the standard ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time; and
d. providing the dose of the gaseous drug based on the comparison of the current ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time with the standard ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time.
12. The method as recited in claim 11 wherein the dose is delivered during a first two-thirds of an inhalation cycle.
13. The method as recited in claim 11 including varying the flow of the dose delivered to the patient so that less flow will be used when the patient is close to the standard ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time.
14. The method as recited in claim 11 wherein the standard ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time is determined by a control circuit that is connected to a vacuum sensor that senses a patient’s inhalation time and exhalation time.
15. The method as recited in claim 14 wherein the standard ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time is monitored by the vacuum sensor and provided to the control circuit.
16. The method as recited in claim 15 wherein the standard ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time during a breath for a patient is compared with the current ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time by the control circuit.
17. The method as recited in claim 16 wherein the comparison of the current breath rate with the standard ratio of inhalation time to exhalation time is done by the control circuit and based on the comparison, the control circuit determines the dose of the gaseous drug to fit the need of the patient.
18. The method as recited in claim 17 wherein the dose is provided by the control circuit adjusting a valve to deliver an appropriate dose to the patient.
19. The method as recited in claim 17 wherein the does is provided by the control circuit choosing from a low flow valve, a high flow valve, a combination of the low flow and high flow valves or a continuous flow switch to deliver an appropriate dose to the patient.
20. A method for providing a dose of a gaseous drug to a patient that has a respiratory disorder comprising:
a. determining an inhalation window;
b. determining an amount of the dose of the gaseous drug based on a duration of the inhalation window; and
c. delivering the dose of the gaseous drug within a second inhalation window.
21. The method as recited in claim 20 wherein the dose is delivered during a first two-thirds of the second inhalation cycle.
22. The method as recited in claim 20 wherein the inhalation window for the patient is determined by predetermining a fixed value.
23. The method as recited in claim 22 wherein the inhalation window for the patient is determined by a control circuit that is connected to a vacuum sensor that senses a patient’s inhalation.
24. The method as recited in claim 23 wherein the second inhalation window is determined by the vacuum sensor and provided to the control circuit.
25. The method as recited in claim 24 wherein determining the amount of the dose based on the duration of the inhalation window is determined by the control circuit.
26. The method as recited in claim 25 wherein the dose is provided by the control circuit adjusting a valve to deliver an appropriate dose to the patient.
27. The method as recited in claim 26 wherein the dose is provided by the control circuit choosing from a low flow valve, a high flow valve, a combination of the low flow and high flow valves or a continuous flow switch.
28. A dosing apparatus for providing a dose of a gaseous drug to a patient that has a respiratory disorder comprising:
a. a control circuit;
b. a vacuum pressure sensor that is connected to a patient to sense patient inhalation and transmits the patient inhalation information to the control circuit;
c. a connection port for connection to a gaseous drug supply;
d. a gaseous drug delivery device that allows the volume of the gaseous drug delivered to the patient to be varied; and
e. a power supply that provides power to the apparatus.
29. The apparatus as recited in claim 28 wherein the gaseous drug delivery device comprises:
a. a low flow valve controlled by the control circuit; and
b. a high flow valve controlled by the control circuit.
30. The apparatus as recited in claim 29 including a continuous flow valve controlled by the control circuit.
31. The apparatus as recited 28 wherein the gaseous drug delivery device comprises a variable flow valve.
32. The apparatus as recited in claim 28 wherein the gaseous drug supply is a liquid oxygen reservoir.
33. The method as recited in claim 1 wherein the normal resting breath rate is smoothed value calculated by an algorithm.
34. The method as recited in claim 33 wherein in the algorithm is the following:
Normal
\ue89e
\ue89e
resting
\ue89e
\ue89e
breath
\ue89e
\ue89e
rate
=
BR
Cur
\ue8a0
(
x
)
+
BR
curnorm
\ue8a0
(
y
)
100
Where x=1\u221299
and y=100\u2212x.
35. The method as recited in claim 4 wherein x is 0-25.
36. The method as recited in claim 35 wherein Normal resting breath rate is calculate on every breath except if BRCu+2 or more greater than BRcurnorm then the Normal resting breath rate remains the same and the calculation of does not start again until the BRCu is within 2 of BRcurnorm.
37. The method as recited in claim 35 wherein the calculation does not start again until 2 minutes after the BRCu is within 2 of BRcurnorm.
38. The method as recited in claim 35 wherein Normal resting breath rate is calculate on every breath except if BRCu+3 or more greater than BRcurnorm then the Normal resting breath rate remains the same and the calculation of does not start again until the BRCu is within 3 of BRcurnorm.
39. The method as recited in claim 35 wherein the calculation of does not start again until 2 minutes after the BRCu is within 3 of BRcurnorm.