1. A system of distillation, comprising:
a compressive section and an expansive section, said compressive section comprises an evaporator, a compressor, and a first condenser, wherein, said evaporator receives a first liquid and boils said first liquid obtaining a first vapor, said first vapor is then compressed by said compressor into said first condenser such that the temperature of the compressed first vapor is higher than the temperature in said evaporator, wherein said first condenser is placed within said evaporator and as said first vapor condenses, heat is given off and absorbed by said first liquid in said evaporator; wherein said expansive section acts as a power source and comprises a second liquid, and an expander which is in fluid communication with a boiler and a second condenser, wherein, said boiler is configured to absorb heat from its surroundings, and to generate a gas-phase from a liquid-phase of said second liquid, resulting in an increase in pressure in said boiler; wherein said second condenser is configured to expel heat to its surroundings, and generate a liquid-phase from a gas-phase of said second liquid, resulting in a decrease in pressure in said second condenser, wherein, the resultant difference in pressure between said boiler and said second condenser drives said expander, and thus, said compressor to which said expander is connected, and wherein there is a difference between the vapor pressure properties of said first liquid used in said compressive section and said second liquid used in said expansive section, such that said difference induces a mechanical advantage between said expander and said compressor, the system further comprising means for delivery of the liquid phase of said second liquid from said second condenser to said boiler.
2. The system of distillation according to claim 1, wherein said first liquid is comprised of at least one member of the group consisting of seawater and unpurified water and wherein said first vapor is steam.
3. The system of distillation according to claim 1 wherein, said second liquid is a refrigerant.
4. The system of distillation according to claim 1, wherein said expansive section is replaced with a motor which drives said compressor of said compressive section.
5. The system of distillation according to claim 1, wherein said first condenser is placed outside of said evaporator and as said first liquid condenses heat is given off and absorbed outside of said evaporator.
6. The system of distillation according to claim 1, wherein the boiler receives energy from parabolic reflectors, which receive and reflect solar energy onto the boiler.
7. The system of distillation according to claim 2, further comprising a condensing probe as an extension of said first condenser, which receives the compressed steam from said first condenser, said condensing probe serving to increase surface area and duration that heat is transferred from the steam contained in said condensing probe to said evaporator during the process of condensation of said steam; wherein, in an enhanced heat exchange system, said condensing probe is placed, commencing from within said evaporator and subsequently, into a counter current heat exchange system, wherein, said condensing probe containing steam and condensed water is encased and encircled by incoming seawater destined to said evaporator; and said steam and condensed water flow in an opposite direction from said incoming seawater and in the process a crossover of heat occurs.
8. The system of distillation according to claim 2, wherein a 3-way valve directs at least one member of the group consisting of steam and condensed water emerging from said first condenser into said boiler of said expansive section for heating said second liquid and causing said second liquid to boil, thereby contributing energy to said boiler to drive said expander and thus said compressor of said compressive section.
9. The system of distillation according to claim 7, wherein a 3-way valve directs at least one member of the group consisting of steam and condensed water emerging from said condensing probe into said boiler of said expansive section for heating said second liquid and causing said second liquid to boil, thereby contributing energy to said boiler to drive said expander and thus said compressor of said compressive section.
10. The system of distillation according to claim 1, wherein at least one reflective mirror provides radiant heat to heat said second liquid of said boiler.
11. The system of distillation according to claim 1, wherein a means for applying external heat is provided to heat the contents of at least one member of the group consisting of said evaporator, condenser and unpurified water prior to entering said evaporator.
12. The system of distillation according to claim 2, wherein the salt content of the seawater in said evaporator becomes increasingly concentrated due to boiling of said seawater and forms precipitation of salt; the system further comprising a plurality of vertical blades submerged in the boiling portion of said seawater and placed across the bottom portion of said evaporator above the precipitated salt, allowing said precipitated salt to pass between the vertical blades and settle onto a tray, and when said tray becomes filled with the precipitated salt, said tray is then compartmentalized as said vertical blades rotate horizontally and create a partition separating said tray from said seawater, said tray is then emptied of its contents and placed back into its original position.
13. The system of distillation according to claim 1, wherein a system for enhancing the rate of vaporization of said second liquid in said boiler comprises a pump for pressurizing liquid-phase of said second liquid from said second condenser to said boiler to a level sufficiently higher than the pressure of said boiler, and as said second liquid is emitted through an expansion valve in the form of a spray into said boiler the sudden drop in pressure causes increased vaporization of said liquid.
14. The system of distillation according to claim 2, wherein said second condenser receives at least one line of cool seawater that extends through said second condenser where expanded gas phase of said second liquid warms the line of said cool seawater as said expanded gas phase of said second liquid gives off heat during the process of condensation, thus pre-warming said cool seawater prior to entering said evaporator of said compressive section.
15. The system of distillation according to claim 1, in a heat containment application, comprising an encasing encapsulating said boiler and a vacuum layer disposed within said encasing, wherein said encasing allows energy in the form of radiation to penetrate said encasing and said vacuum layer, thus reaching said second liquid, and thus, said radiation transforms its energy into kinetic energy as it heats and boils said second liquid contained in said boiler, while the heat in the form of kinetic energy is incapable of penetrating and passing through said vacuum layer, thus preventing the loss of heat to the outside of said boiler, resulting in greater energy efficiency to drive said expander.
16. A system of distillation, comprising, an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and a motor, wherein said evaporator receives a liquid and boils received said liquid and produces a vapor, said vapor is then compressed by said compressor into said condenser such that the temperature of compressed vapor is higher than the temperature of said evaporator, wherein said condenser is placed within said evaporator and as said vapor condenses, heat is given off and absorbed by said liquid in said evaporator, and wherein said compressor is driven by said motor.
17. The system of distillation according to claim 16, wherein said liquid is comprised of at least one member of the group consisting of seawater and unpurified water and wherein said vapor is steam.
18. The system of distillation according to claim 17, further comprising a condensing probe as an extension of said first condenser, which receives the compressed steam from said first condenser, wherein said condensing probe serving to increase surface area and duration that heat is transferred from the steam contained in said condensing probe to said evaporator during the process of condensation of the steam; and wherein, in an enhanced heat exchange system, said condensing probe is placed, commencing from within said evaporator and subsequently, into a counter current heat exchange system, wherein, said condensing probe containing steam and condensed water is encased and encircled by incoming seawater destined to said evaporator; and said steam and condensed water flow in an opposite direction from said incoming seawater and in the process a crossover of heat occurs.
19. The system of distillation according to claim 17, wherein the salt content of seawater in said evaporator becomes increasingly concentrated due to boiling of said seawater and forms precipitation of salt; the system further comprising a plurality of vertical blades submerged in the boiling portion of said seawater and placed across the bottom portion of said evaporator above the precipitated salt, allowing the precipitated salt to pass between the vertical blades and settle onto a tray and when said tray becomes filled with said precipitated salt, said tray is then compartmentalized as said vertical blades rotate horizontally and create a partition separating said tray from said seawater, said tray being then emptied of its contents and placed back into its original position.
20. A system of heat containment comprising a boiler containing a liquid, said boiler comprising an encasing encapsulating said boiler and a vacuum layer disposed within said encasing, wherein said encasing allows energy in the form of radiation to penetrate said encasing and said vacuum layer, and wherein said radiation transforms its energy into kinetic energy as heat is absorbed by said liquid causing said liquid to boil, while the heat in the form of kinetic energy is incapable of penetrating and escaping through said vacuum layer, thus preventing heat loss to the outside of said boiler resulting in greater energy efficiency to drive an expander.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for enhancing recovery of bitumen from oil sands in conjunction with a steam-assisted in situ bitumen recovery process, said method comprising the step of introducing a biodiesel into oil sands ore in situ, at a dosage in the range between approximately 50 milligrams and approximately 2,000 milligrams of biodiesel per kilogram of bitumen in the ore, wherein the introduction of the biodiesel into the oil sands ore is effected by mixing the biodiesel into steam being injected into the ore for purposes of the steam-assisted in situ bitumen recovery process.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of adding lime to the oil sands ore in conjunction with the introduction of biodiesel, said lime being in a form selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein lime is added to the oil sands ore at a dosage between approximately 30 milligrams of lime per kilogram of oil sands ore and 200 milligrams of lime per kilogram of oil sands ore.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the dosage of biodiesel is approximately 100 milligrams of biodiesel per kilogram of bitumen in the ore.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the biodiesel comprises esters of tall oil fatty acids.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the biodiesel is a product of esterification of tall oil fatty acids with alcohol.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the biodiesel comprises methyl esters of tall oil fatty acids.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the biodiesel comprises esters of canola oil fatty acids.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the biodiesel comprises methylated soybean oil.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein the biodiesel is derived from tall oil fatty acids.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein the steam-assisted in situ bitumen recovery process is a steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) process.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the steam-assisted in situ bitumen recovery process is a cyclic steam stimulation (CSS) process.