1. A polymer microsphere comprising at least one polymer and at least one bound latent colorant, wherein said microsphere is stabilized by at least one stabilizing polymer, wherein said latent colorant comprises at least one coupler of formula (I):
wherein:
R represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, or a chlorine atom;
X represents \u2014CONH\u2014, \u2014NHCONH\u2014, \u2014NHCOO\u2014, \u2014COO\u2014, \u2014SO2\u2014, \u2014CO\u2014 or \u2014O\u2014; Y represents \u2014CONH\u2014 or \u2014COO\u2014;
A represents an unsubstituted or substituted alkylene group containing from 1 to 10 carbon or an unsubstituted or substituted phenylene group;
Q represents a cyan color forming coupler residue, a magenta color forming coupler residue or a yellow color forming coupler residue capable of forming a dye upon coupling with an oxidation product of an aromatic primary amine developing agent;
m represents 0 to 1; and
n represents 0 or 1.
2. The polymer microsphere of claim 1 wherein said polymer comprises an addition polymer made from at least one monomer comprising \u03b1,\u03b2-ethylenic unsaturation.
3. The polymer microsphere of claim 2 wherein said monomer comprises a monomer having limited solubility in water.
4. The polymer microsphere of claim 3 wherein said monomer comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of styrenic, acrylic ester, or methacrylic ester.
5. The polymer microsphere of claim 1 wherein said at least one polymer comprises at least two monomers.
6. The polymer microsphere of claim 5 wherein said at least two monomers comprise at least one water insoluble monomer and at least one water soluble monomer.
7. The polymer microsphere of claim 5 wherein said at least one water soluble monomer comprises less than 10% of the total polymer microsphere weight.
8. The polymer microsphere of claim 5 wherein said at least one water soluble monomer comprises from 0 to 2% of the total polymer microsphere weight.
9. The polymer microsphere of claim 1 wherein said latent colorant comprises a latent colorant covalently bound to said microsphere.
10. The polymer microsphere of claim 1 wherein said latent colorant comprises a latent colorant polymerized into said microsphere.
11. The polymer microsphere of claim 1 wherein Q comprises a cyan color forming coupler phenol type residue represented by the general formula (II):
or a cyan color forming coupler naphthol type residue represented by the general formula (III):
wherein:
R1 independently comprises a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a halogen atom, an alkoxycarbamoyl group, an aliphatic amido group, an alkylsulfamoyl group, an alkylsulfonamido group, an alkylureido group, a arylcarbamoyl group, an arylamido group, an arylsulfamoyl group, an arylsulfonamido group or an arylureido group; and
Z1 comprises a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted sulfo group, acyloxy group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, alkylthio group, arylthio group or heterocyclic thio group.
12. The polymer microsphere of claim 1 wherein said Q comprises a magenta color forming coupler pyrazolone type residue and a magenta color forming coupler indazolone type residue.
13. The polymer microsphere of claim 1 wherein said Q comprises a magenta color forming coupler residue having formula (IV):
wherein:
R2 comprises a substituent at the 1-position of a 2-pyrazolin-5-one coupler, a substituted alkyl group, an aryl group or a substituted aryl group; and
Z2 comprises a hydrogen atom, a nitrogen atom, a sulfur atom, or a releasing group connected to the coupling position of the color forming coupler through an oxygen atom.
14. The polymer microsphere of claim 1 wherein said Q comprises a yellow color forming coupler acylacetanilide type residue, a yellow color forming coupler pivaloylacetanilide type residue represented by the general formula (V): or
a yellow color forming coupler benzoylacetanilide type residue represented by the general formula (VI) or (VII):
wherein:
R3, R4, R5 and R6 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a halogen atom, an alkoxycarbamoyl group, an aliphatic amido group, an alkylsulfamoyl group, an alkylsulfonamido group, an alkylureido group, an alkyl substituted succinimido group, an aryloxy group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an arylcarbamoyl group, an arylamido group, an arylsulfamoyl group, an arylsulfonamido group, an arylureido group, a carboxy group, a sulfo group, a nitro group, a cyano group or a thiocyano group;
Z3 in the general formula comprises a hydrogen atom or a group represented by the general formula(VIII), (IX), (X) or (XI):
wherein:
R7 represents an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group or an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic group;
R8 and R9 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a carboxylic acid ester group, an amino group, an alkyl group, an alkylthio group, an alkoxy group, an alkylsulfonyl group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, an unsubstituted or substituted aryl group or an unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic group; and
W7 represents non-metallic atoms necessary to form a 4-membered ring, a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring together with
15. The polymer microsphere of claim 14 wherein said groups represented by general formula (XI) comprise at least one member selected from the groups consisting of a group is represented by the following formulas (XII),(XIII) or (XIV):
wherein:
R10 and R11 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group or a hydroxy group;
R12, R13 and R14 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group or an acyl group; and
W2 represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom.
16. The microsphere of claim 1 wherein said stabilizing polymer comprises a linear polymer.
17. The microsphere of claim 1 wherein said stabilizing polymer comprises a soluble polymer.
18. The microsphere of claim 17 wherein said soluble stabilizing polymer comprises a polymer soluble in water or water miscible solvent.
19. The microsphere of claim 1 wherein said microsphere comprises an external surface and said stabilizing polymer is bound to said external surface of said microsphere.
20. The microsphere of claim 19 wherein said stabilizing polymer is covalently grafted, chemisorbed, or physically adsorbed to said external surface of said microsphere.
21. The microsphere of claim 1 wherein said stabilizing polymer comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of poly(vinylamine), poly(propyleneimine), poly(N-aminopropyl methacrylamide), polyacrylic acid, or polymethacrylic acid.
22. The microsphere of claim 1 wherein said stabilizing polymer contains at least one chemically reactive group.
23. The microsphere of claim 22 wherein said at least one chemically reactive group comprises a carboxylic acid, primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine, thiol, alcohol, vinylsulfone).
24. The polymer microsphere of claim 1 wherein said stabilizing polymer comprises a molecular weight of from 500 to 1,000,000 AMU.
25. The polymer microsphere of claim 1 wherein said stabilizing polymer comprises a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 250,000 AMU.
26. The microsphere of claim 1 wherein said microsphere comprises an average diameter from 1\u2013100 microns.
27. The microsphere of claim 1 wherein said microsphere comprises an average diameter from 2 to 30 microns.
28. The microsphere of claim 1 wherein said microsphere comprises an average diameter from 3 to 20 microns.
29. The microsphere of claim 1 wherein said microsphere comprises an addition polymer microsphere.
30. The microsphere of claim 1 wherein said microsphere is monodisperse.
31. The microsphere of claim 30 wherein said monodisperse microsphere comprises a diameter having a coefficient of variation of less than 20%.
32. The microsphere of claim 1 wherein further comprising a tag bound to the external surface of said microsphere.
33. The microsphere of claim 32 wherein said tag comprises a bioaffinity tag.
34. The microsphere of claim 33 wherein said bioaffinity tag is covalently bound to the microsphere.
35. The microsphere of claim 33 wherein said bioaffinity tag is bound to said stabilizing polymer.
36. The microsphere of claim 33 wherein said bioaffinity tag comprises at least one member selected from the group consisting of polynucleotides, polypeptides, polysaccharides, nucleic acids, antigens, enzymes, antibodies, and proteins.
37. The polymer microsphere of claim 1 wherein said at least one polymer comprises a water insoluble polymer.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A headset, comprising:
a substantially U-shaped frame;
two speakers mounted at two ends of the U-shaped frame;
a transmitting line and a connector electrically connected to an end of the transmitting line, the headset connectable to an external main device via the transmitting line and the connector;
an infrared emitter; and
an infrared receiver facing the infrared emitter, the infrared emitter configured for emitting infrared light towards the infrared receiver, the infrared receiver configured for receiving the infrared light from the infrared emitter and generating a pause signal after the infrared light is continuously received by the infrared receiver for a first predetermined time, and the headset configured to stop working according to the pause signal; and the infrared receiver also configured for generating a playing signal and sending the playing signal to the external main device if the infrared receiver receives no infrared light from the infrared emitter for a second predetermined time.
2. The headset of claim 1, further comprising a function switch configured for cutting off an electrical connection between the headset and the external main device.
3. The headset of claim 1, further comprising a function switch configured to select a first operation mode or a second operation mode of the headset, the main device configured to stop providing audio signals andor video signals to the headset in the first operation mode, and the main device also configured to power off and enter into an standby mode in the second operation mode.
4. The headset of claim 1, wherein the pause signal is configured such that when the pause signal is provided to the external main device, the external main device stops providing audio signals andor video signals to the headset.
5. The headset of claim 4, wherein the first predetermined time is approximately equal to ten seconds.
6. The headset of claim 1, wherein the playing signal is configured such that when the playing signal is received by the external main device, the external main device provides the audio signals andor video signals to the headset.
7. The headset of claim 6, wherein the second predetermined time is approximately equal to two seconds.
8. The headset of claim 1, wherein the infrared receiver is also configured for generating a power-on signal and sending the power-on signal to the external main device if the infrared receiver receives no infrared light from the infrared emitter for a third predetermined time.
9. The headset of claim 8, wherein the power-on signal is configured such that when the power-on signal is received by the external main device, the external main device powers on and provides audio signals andor video signals to the headset.
10. The headset of claim 9, wherein the third predetermined time is approximately equal to five seconds.
11. The headset of claim 1, wherein the infrared receiver is also configured for generating a standby signal and sending the standby signal to the external main device the infrared receiver continuously receives the infrared light from the infrared emitter for a third predetermined time.
12. The headset of claim 11, wherein the standby signal is configured such that when the standby signal is received by the external main device, the external main device powers off and enters into a standby mode.
13. The headset of claim 12, wherein the third predetermined time is approximately equal to five seconds.
14. The headset of claim 1, further comprising two recesses defined in opposite surfaces of two ends of the U-shaped frame, the infrared emitter and the infrared receiver respectively accommodated in the two recesses.
15. The headset of claim 1, further comprising two recesses defined in opposite surfaces of the two speakers, the infrared emitter and the infrared receiver respectively accommodated in the two recesses.
16. A headset for electrically connecting to an external main device, comprising:
a helmet;
a screen and a projector positioned in the front of the helmet;
an infrared emitter and an infrared receiver formed at opposite internal sides of the helmet, the infrared emitter configured for emitting infrared light towards the infrared receiver, the infrared receiver configured for receiving the infrared light from the infrared emitter and generating a pause signal after the infrared light is continuously received by the infrared receiver for a first predetermined time, the headset configured to stop working according to the pause signal, and the infrared receiver also configured for generating a power-on signal and sending the power-on signal to the external main device if the infrared receiver receives no infrared light from the infrared emitter for a second predetermined time.