1. A hand truck comprising:
a deck plate having a lower surface and an upper surface configured to support at least a portion of a load, said lower surface being configured to rest on a ground when said hand truck is in a parked position;
a vertical assembly oriented perpendicularly to said deck plate, said vertical assembly having at least a front planar surface, said front planar surface being configured to support at least a portion of said load when said hand truck is in a lifted position;
a rocker assembly connected to said vertical assembly and comprising at least a rocker plate having an arcuate side, said arcuate side being configured to lift said load when said hand truck is moved from said parked position to said lifted position and having a lowest point substantially aligned with said lower surface of said deck plate; and
at least two wheels connected to said rocker assembly, said at least two wheels being located entirely behind a rear side of said vertical assembly and a distance above said upper surface of said deck plate, allowing said at least two wheels to only come into contact with said ground when said hand truck is in said lifted position.
2. The hand truck of claim 1, wherein said rocker assembly further includes a plurality of flanges, said rocker plate being connected to said vertical assembly via said plurality of flanges.
3. The hand truck of claim 2, wherein said at least two wheels are connected to said vertical assembly and said rocker plate via said plurality of flanges.
4. The hand truck of claim 2, wherein said plurality of flanges comprises a first outer flange, a second outer flange, a first inner flange, and a second inner flange, a first one of said at least two wheels being held in place via said first inner flange and said first outer flange, and a second one of said at least two wheels being held in place via said second inner flange and said second outer flange.
5. The hand truck of claim 4, wherein said plurality of flanges further includes a planar surface, said planar surface being connected to said vertical assembly.
6. The hand truck of claim 1, wherein said rocker assembly further includes a plurality of flanges, said at least two wheels being connected to said vertical assembly via said plurality of flanges.
7. The hand truck of claim 1, wherein said arcuate side has a radius that is substantially the same as a radius of said at least two wheels.
8. The hand truck of claim 1, wherein said rocker assembly further includes two outer flanges, each one of said outer flanges having an arcuate side with a radius that is substantially the same as a radius of said arcuate side of said rocker plate.
9. The hand truck of claim 1, wherein said vertical assembly comprises a plurality of tubular structures, a front-most portion of each one of said plurality of tubular structures defining said front planar surface.
10. The hand truck of claim 1, wherein said fulcrum point is substantially along a rear side of said vertical assembly.
11. The hand truck of claim 1, wherein said arcuate side has a first end and a second, said first end being in contact with said ground when said hand truck is in said parked position, and said at least two wheels only coming into contact with said ground when said second end is in contact with said ground.
12. A method for manufacturing a hand truck, comprising:
forming a primary assembly, comprising:
a deck plate having a lower surface and an upper surface configured to support at least a portion of a load, said lower surface being configured to rest on a ground when said hand truck is in a parked position; and
a vertical assembly oriented perpendicularly to said deck plate, said vertical assembly having at least a front planar surface, said front planar surface being configured to support said load when said hand truck is in a lifted position; and
attaching a secondary assembly to said primary assembly, said secondary assembly comprising:
a rocker assembly connected to said vertical assembly and comprising at least a rocker plate having an arcuate side, said arcuate side being configured to lift said load when said hand truck is moved from said parked position to said lifted position and having a lowest point substantially aligned with said lower surface of said deck plate; and
at least two wheels connected to said rocker assembly, said at least two wheels being located entirely behind a rear side of said vertical assembly and a distance above said upper surface of said deck plate, allowing said at least two wheels to only come into contact with said ground when said hand truck is in said lifted position.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein said rocker assembly further includes a plurality of flanges, said rocker plate being connected to said vertical assembly via said plurality of flanges.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein said at least two wheels are connected to said vertical assembly and said rocker plate via said plurality of flanges.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein said plurality of flanges comprises a first outer flange, a second outer flange, a first inner flange, and a second inner flange, a first one of said at least two wheels being held in place via said first inner flange and said first outer flange, and a second one of said at least two wheels being held in place via said second inner flange and said second outer flange.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein said plurality of flanges further includes a planar surface, said planar surface being connected to said vertical plate assembly.
17. The method of claim 12, wherein said rocker assembly further includes a plurality of flanges, said at least two wheels being connected to said vertical assembly via said plurality of flanges.
18. The method of claim 12, wherein said arcuate side has a radius that is substantially the same as a radius of said at least two wheels.
19. The method of claim 12, wherein said rocker assembly further includes two outer flanges, each one of said outer flanges having an arcuate side with a radius that is substantially the same as a radius of said arcuate side of said rocker plate.
20. The method of claim 12, wherein said arcuate side has a first end and a second, said first end being in contact with said ground when said hand truck is in said parked position, and said at least two wheels only coming into contact with said ground when said second end is in contact with said ground.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A process for the preparation for high ortho novolac resins including alternating and semi alternating high ortho novolac resins comprising in a first step of preparation of bishydroxymethylated phenolic prepolymer by reacting a first phenoli component with formaldehyde in the presence of alkali followed by mixing with a second phenolic component, acidifying and washing with water containing 1% oxalic acid, and the second step of condensation polymerization of prepolymers obtained by the said first step with further quantity of the said second phenolic component followed by steam distillation, fractionation, crystallization;
Wherein either of the said first phenolic component or the said second phenolic component comprises at least one cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) based natural phenolic.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said acidified prepolymer solution at the end of first step has about 3-4 pH value.
3. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said formaldehyde and the said first phenolic component are taken in the molar ratio range from 2.1 to 2.5:1 preferably, in the molar ratio range of 2.21:1 to 2.25:1.
4. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said alkali of said first stop is preferably tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide.
5. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the molar ratio of the said alkali to the said first phenolic component is 0.8:1 to 1.2:1 preferably 1:1.
6. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said second phenolic component is taken 90 to 100% by weight of the said first phenolic component in the said first step.
7. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said condensation polymerization is carried out in the presence of a solvent being xylene taken in an amount of 80%-100% by weight of the total phenolic components.
8. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the condensation polymerization is carried out in the presence of a catalyst solid oxalic acid taken in the quantity 1% of the weight of second phenolic component and prepolymer obtained in first step.
9. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said condensation polymerization in the said second step is carried out preferably at 140-150\xb0 C.
10. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said steam distillation In the said second step is carried out at 160-180\xb0 C. preferably at 170-180\xb0 C.
11. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said fractionation is carried out in repeated cycles comprising the steps of treating crude novolac with methanolic NaOH and then diluted to 40-60%, preferably 50% by volume with water, filtration and re-procipitating by acidifying the filtrate with ice cold dilute HCl.
12. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein the said crystallization is carried out by using benzene or ethyl acetate and n-hexane as organic solvents.
13. A process as claimed in claim 1 wherein for preparation of alternating high ortho novolac resins, the preferred combinations of the said first phenolic component and the said second phenolic component are as under,
First Phenolic component
Second Phenolic Component
m-cresol
Cardanol
p-cresol
Cardanol
Cardanol
m-cresol
14. A process for the preparation of photoresist from the said high ortho novolac resin prepared from the process as claimed in claim 1 by treating the said high ortho novolac resin with a photoactive component in the presence of a solvent.
15. A process as claimed in claim 14, wherein aromatic azide is used as the said photoactive component for the preparation of negative photoresist.
16. A process as claimed in claim 14, wherein 1,2-Diazonaphthoquinone-5-sulfonic acid esterified with 2,3,4-trihydroxy benzophenone, is used as photoactive component, for the preparation of positive photoresist.
17. A process as claimed in claim 14, wherein for making e-beam photoresist, the said high ortho novolac resins are first derivatised by t-BOC (tertiary butoxycarbonyloxy) derivative and then mixed with the photoacid generator (PAG).
18. A process for the preparation of photoresist as claimed in claim 14, wherein the said solvent is ethyl cellosolve acetate or preferably ethyl lactate.
19. A process for the preparation of photoresist as claimed in claim 14, wherein the said photoactive component, the said high ortho novolac resins and the said solvent are taken preferably in the ratio of 1:5-6:10-12 by weight.
20. A process for the preparation of cured novolac resin from the said high ortho novolac resin prepared from the process as claimed in claim 1 by treating the said high ortho novolac resin with HMTA (Hexamethylene tetrammine) at 110-140\xb0 C., preferably at 120-125\xb0 C. in presence of nitrogen atmosphere.
21. A process for the preparation of cured novolac resin as claimed in claim 20 wherein the said HMTA is taken preferably 3-4 times by weight of the quantity of the said high ortho novolac resin.
22. High ortho novolac resins including alternating and semi alternating high ortho novolac resins prepared substantially from the preceding claims.
23. Photoresists prepared substantially from the preceding steps.
24. Cured novolac resins prepared substantially from the preceding steps.