1. Method of transmitting force, in particular an impetus, magnetically by means of movable magnets which interact with one another, said method comprising:
providing a plurality of supports to hold or position one or more magnets projecting from the supports;
arranging each support such that it is movable on or by means of bearing means;
connecting each support to one or more freewheel means so that the support is rotatable or movable, about an axis of rotation or along a straight or curved path in translation respectively, in only one direction, in which case the support may be part of the bearing andor freewheel means,
fitting each support with one or more individual magnets in a preset arrangement, and
positioning a plurality of said supports relative to one another at a distance so that an impetus transmitted to a first support is transmitted by this first support to an adjacent second support by magnetic interaction, is transmitted by said second support to a third support adjacent said second support, and so on, in which case the freewheel means makes it impossible for a support which has been set in motion to go into reverse and this causes virtually the whole of the impetus to be transmitted to whichever is the next support at the time; and
arranging the impetus transmitting magnets such that the vector of polarization extends in the moving direction, and further arranging like poles of the magnets belonging to adjacent supports such that they are directed towards one another.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the support provided is a carriage and a plurality of carriages are arranged one behind the other at a distance from each other on a rail which follows a straight or curved or circular etc. path so that a starting impetus transmitted from an external impetus source to the first carriage is transmitted through to the last carriage situated on the rail.
3. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the support provided is a disc and a plurality of discs are arranged at a distance from one another on a common axis of rotation to form a stack, so that a starting impetus transmitted from an external impetus source to the first disc in the stack is transmitted through to the last disc in the stack.
4. Method according to claim 3, characterised in that the common axis of rotation of the stack of discs follows a straight or curved path and preferably a circular path.
5. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the magnets which adjacent supports have and which are used to transmit impetus are so orientated that when they approach one another the result is preferably the maximum repulsion.
6. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that coils are arranged at a distance from the path of movement of the magnets so that the movement of the magnets generates an electrical field in the coils by induction and an electrical current can be tapped off.
7. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that each support is fitted with at least two magnets spaced apart from one another and the magnets are so orientated that the magnets in a specific first orientation are used to transmit the impetus to whichever is the adjacent support and the magnets in a specific second orientation are used to allow the force to be tapped off.
8. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that in a non-closed-loop arrangement, where the supports are arranged in a line, the impetus from the last support is passed back or fed back again to the first support.
9. Device for transmitting force, in particular an impetus by means of magnetic interaction, comprising:
a plurality of supports each fitted with one or more magnets, with each support being positioned on bearing means and one or more freewheel means, in particular freewheeling bearings, being connected to the individual supports so that the supports carrying the magnets are able to move in only one moving direction either about an axis of rotation or along a straight or curved axis of translatory movement, and
an arrangement of the supports relative to one another such that an impetus transmitted to a first support is transmitted by magnetic interaction from this first support to the adjacent second support, from this second support to the third support adjacent to the second support and so on, in which case the reversal of direction of a support once set in motion, which is made impossible by the freewheeling bearing or bearings, causes the impetus to be transmitted virtually in full to whichever support is next and a starting impetus, having once been transmitted to the magnetic force-transmitting device from an external impetus source, can be transmitted for long distances with virtually no losses in a similar way to a wave, wherein the impetus transmitting magnets are arranged such that the vector of polarization extends in the moving direction, and further in that like poles of the magnets belonging to adjacent supports are directed towards one another.
10. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that the support provided is a carriage and a plurality of carriages are arranged to be spaced apart from one another on a rail which follows a straight or curved or circular etc. path, so that a starting impetus transmitted from an external impetus source to the first carriage will be transmitted through to the last carriage on the rail or will travel round in a circle.
11. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that the support provided is a disc and a plurality of discs are positioned at a distance from one another on a common axis of rotation to form a stack, so that a starting impetus transmitted from an external impetus source to the first disc in the stack will be transmitted through to the last disc in the stack.
12. Device according to claim 10, characterised in that each disc has a central freewheeling bearing which holds the disc and causes it to be mounted to rotate in only one direction of rotation.
13. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that the support provided is a ring and a plurality of rings are positioned at a distance from one another on a common axis of rotation to form a stack, so that a starting impetus transmitted from an external impetus source to the first ring in the stack will be transmitted to the last ring in the stack.
14. Device according to claim 12, characterised in that the rings are mounted so as to be free to rotate by means of a plurality of bearings resting against their peripheries and in that teeth are provided on the inside of the rings with which a gear held by a freewheeling bearing meshes.
15. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that the common axis of rotation of the stack of discs or rings is a straight or curved path and preferably a circular path.
16. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that the support provided for the magnets is a disc and a plurality of discs are arranged at a distance from one another in a common axis of plane so as to be rotatable in only one direction by means of one or more suitable bearings, so that a rotary starting impetus transmitted from an external impetus source to the first disc will be transmitted through to the last disc in the arrangement of discs.
17. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that the orientation of the magnets positioned on adjacent supports is such that a repulsion which is preferably the maximum is produced when they approach each other.
18. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that coils are arranged at a distance from the path along which the magnets move so that moving the magnets enables an electrical field to be generated in the coils by induction and an electrical current to be tapped off.
19. Device according to claim 18, characterised in that each support is fitted with at least two magnets of different orientations which are spaced apart from one another, with the magnets in a specific first orientation being used to transmit the impetus to the adjacent support and the magnets in a specific second orientation being used to allow the force to be tapped off, in which case the magnets for impetus transmission may be situated either parallel to or radially inwards or outwards of the magnets for transmission by induction.
20. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that where the supports are not in a closed-loop arrangement, means are provided for transmitting or feeding the impetus from the last support back to the first support.
21. Device according to claim 8, characterised in that the bearing means are ball bearings, freewheeling bearings, plain bearings, air bearings or a combination of freewheeling and ball bearings or the like.
22. Device for transmitting force by magnetic interaction and for allowing energy to be obtained or tapped off according to the characterising features of claim 9.
23. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that the supports are mechanically coupled to an external device which is driven by the arranged at a distance from the path along which the magnets move so that moving the magnets enables an electrical field to be generated in the coils by induction and an electrical current to be tapped off.
24. Use of a device according to claim 9 in conjunction with coils arranged at a distance from the path of movement of specific magnets to allow force to be tapped off and energy to be obtained.
25. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the supports when in motion are driving at least an external device or arrangement.
26. Method according to claim 1, wherein the magnets are replaced by springs or pneumatic devices like gas springs.
27. Device according to claim 9 wherein the magnets are replaced by springs or pneumatic devices like gas springs.
28. Device according to claim 9 wherein the impetus transmission is realized by a combination of magnets and springs or pneumatic devices like gas springs.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A sheet gripper for gripping printing material sheets, the sheet gripper comprising:
a dimensionally stable base material; and
an elastic clamping surface material forming a clamping surface, being joined to said base material, said clamping surface material and said base material being joined to each other in a form-fitting manner, said clamping surface material having the characteristics of a material joined by injection molding the clamping surface material onto said base material;
said base material having at least one cutout formed therein and said cutout being at least partly filled with said clamping surface material, said base material including a comb contour, said comb contour having a gap, said cutout being defined by said gap.
2. The sheet gripper according to claim 1, wherein said base material is at least partly encased in said clamping surface material.
3. The sheet gripper according to claim 1, wherein said clamping surface material, as seen along said clamping surface, has a projection extending beyond said base material and defines a gripper tip.
4. The sheet gripper according to claim 3, wherein on a side of said gripper tip, said clamping surface material extends set back from said gripper tip, as viewed transversely with respect to said clamping surface.
5. A gripper system, comprising:
sheet grippers formed of a dimensionally stable base material and an elastic clamping surface material forming a clamping surface, being joined to said base material, said clamping surface material and said base material being joined to each other in a form-fitting manner, said clamping surface material having the characteristics of a material joined by injection molding the clamping surface material onto said base material;
said base material having at least one cutout formed therein and said cutout being at least partly filled with said clamping surface material, said base material including a comb contour, said comb contour having a gap, said cutout being defined by said gap; and
gripper pads cooperating with said sheet grippers.
6. A machine for processing printing material sheets, comprising:
a sheet transport device having a gripper system, said gripper system containing:
sheet grippers formed of a dimensionally stable base material and an elastic clamping surface material forming a clamping surface, being joined to said base material, said clamping surface material and said base material being joined to each other in a form-fitting manner, said clamping surface material having the characteristics of a material joined by injection molding the clamping surface material onto said base material;
said base material having at least one cutout formed therein and said cutout being at least partly filled with said clamping surface material, said base material including a comb contour, said comb contour having a gap, said cutout being defined by said gap; and
gripper pads cooperating with said sheet grippers.
7. A method for producing a sheet gripper, which comprises the step of:
joining a dimensionally stable base material to an elastic clamping surface material forming a clamping surface, the base material and the clamping surface material being joined to each other in a form-fitting manner; and
joining the clamping surface material and the base material to each other in a form-fitting manner by injection molding the clamping surface material onto the base material, the clamping surface material filling a gap of a comb contour of the base material.
8. The method according to claim 7, which further comprises carrying out a shaping of the clamping surface of the sheet gripper entirely without removing any material during the injection molding step.