1. An optical range-finding sensor comprising:
a light-emitting element that emits irradiation light;
a light-emitting side lens that collects the irradiation light and irradiates the light to a range-finding object;
a light-receiving side lens that collects reflected light of the irradiation light reflected by the range-finding object;
a position detecting light-receiving element that receives the collected reflected light and detects a position of the range-finding object; and
a control processing integrated circuit that controls light emission of the light-emitting element and processes a detection current of the position detecting light-receiving element,
wherein the light-emitting element is a vertical cavity surface emitting laser.
2. The optical range-finding sensor according to claim 1,
wherein the light-emitting element, the position detecting light-receiving element and the control processing integrated circuit are sealed in a single light-transmitting resin sealed package.
3. The optical range-finding sensor according to claim 2,
wherein the light-emitting element, the position detecting light-receiving element and the control processing integrated circuit are mounted on a lead frame.
4. The optical range-finding sensor according to claim 2,
wherein the light-transmitting resin sealed package is fitted to a sensor case that holds the light-emitting side lens and the light-receiving side lens.
5. The optical range-finding sensor according to claim 3,
wherein the light-transmitting resin sealed package is fitted to a sensor case that holds the light-emitting side lens and the light-receiving side lens.
6. The optical range-finding sensor according to claim 1,
wherein the position detecting light-receiving element is divided into a plurality of light-receiving regions having equal areas, and number of the divided light-receiving regions and resistance values of the light-receiving regions are set such that correlation characteristic between a distance to the range-finding object and a detection output of the position detecting light-receiving element becomes linear.
7. The optical range-finding sensor according to claim 6,
wherein the number of the divided light-receiving regions is set to 3 or greater.
8. The optical range-finding sensor according to claim 1,
wherein a directional angle of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser is set to 5 to 25 degrees.
9. The optical range-finding sensor according to claim 8,
wherein a focal distance of the light-emitting side lens is set to 1 to 4 mm,
10. The optical range-finding sensor according to claim 9,
wherein a diameter of the light-emitting side lens is set to 0.5 to 2 mm.
11. The optical range-finding sensor according to claim 1,
wherein a wavelength of light emitted from the vertical cavity surface emitting laser is a wavelength in an infrared range.
12. The optical range-finding sensor according to claim 1,
wherein the vertical cavity surface emitting laser is driven by pulses, and the control processing integrated circuit is configured to process the detection current from the position detecting light-receiving element by adjusting a product of a forward current of the vertical cavity surface emitting laser and emission time.
13. An object detection device that detects presence of an object to be detected using an optical range-finding sensor,
wherein the optical range-finding sensor is the optical range finding sensor according to claim 1.
14. A self-cleaning toilet seat that detects a utilization status of the seat with an object detection device and performs a cleaning preparation,
wherein the object detection device is the object detection device according to claim 13.
15. A method for manufacturing an optical range-finding sensor comprising a light-emitting element that emits irradiation light, a light-emitting side lens that collects the irradiation light and irradiates the light to a range-finding object, a light-receiving side lens that collects reflected light of the irradiation light reflected by the range-finding object, a position detecting light-receiving element that receives the collected reflected light and detects a position of the range-finding object, and a control processing integrated circuit that controls light emission of the light-emitting element and processes a detection current of the position detecting light-receiving element, the method comprising:
a lead frame preparation step of preparing a lead frame for mounting the light-emitting element, the position detecting light-receiving element and the control processing integrated circuit;
an element mounting step of mounting the light-emitting element, the position detecting light-receiving element and the control processing integrated circuit on the lead frame;
a package forming step of forming a light-transmitting resin sealed package by sealing the light-emitting element, the position detecting light-receiving element and the control processing integrated circuit collectively with a light-transmitting sealing resin; and
a package fitting step of fitting the light-transmitting resin sealed package to a sensor case that includes the light-emitting side lens and the light-receiving side lens.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. Apparatus for simulating tracer interaction with a tissue, comprising:
a chamber for receiving a fluid therein;
an inlet conduit for conducting said fluid into said chamber;
an outlet conduit for conducting said fluid out of said chamber;
a medium disposed within said chamber, said medium configured for modulating fluid flow within said chamber; and,
a valve assembly for conducting said fluid into said inlet conduit,
wherein said chamber includes an inner chamber wall and an outer chamber wall, said inner chamber wall and said outer chamber wall disposed relative to one another to thereby form a chamber conduit therebetween, said chamber conduit is fluidly connected to said inlet conduit and said outlet conduit.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said fluid comprises a radiative tracer.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein said medium is capable of binding said radiative tracer.
4. The apparatus of claim 2 wherein a radiative washout fluid is capable of releasing said radiative tracer bound to said medium.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said fluid comprises a radiative washout fluid.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said medium is configured to mimic a tissue.
7. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein said medium mimics at least one of normal tissue and diseased tissue.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said medium comprises an aggregate-type material.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein said aggregate-type material comprises beads.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 wherein said beads comprise Lucite\xae.
11. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said chamber includes a distribution assembly for uniformly distributing an inlet fluid into said chamber.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said inner chamber wall includes a plurality of apertures for conducting said fluid to said medium.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said medium is disposed in said chamber conduit.
14. The apparatus of 1 wherein said medium is disposed inward of said inner chamber wall.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said chamber comprises an expandable chamber wall.
16. A method for simulating tracer interaction with a tissue using a phantom comprising the steps of:
issuing a first fluid into a chamber comprising a medium via a valve connected to an input conduit;
bathing said medium with said first fluid and allowing said first fluid to exit said chamber via an outlet conduit;
issuing a second fluid into said chamber via said input conduit;
bathing said medium with said second fluid and allowing said second fluid to exit said chamber; and,
monitoring said chamber with a medical imaging device when said first fluid and said second fluid is introduced into said chamber,
wherein said chamber comprises inner and outer chamber walls thereby forming a chamber conduit,
wherein said medium is disposed within said chamber conduit,
wherein said chamber conduit is fluidly connected to said inlet conduit and outlet conduit.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein said medium has an attenuation characteristic substantially similar to water.
18. The method of claim 16, wherein said medium comprises an aggregate-type material.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein said medium comprises Lucite beads.
20. The method of claim 16, wherein said first fluid includes a radiative constituent.
21. The method of claim 16, wherein said second fluid includes a radiative washout constituent.
22. The method of claim 16. wherein said medium is disposed within said chamber.
23. The method of claim 16, wherein said chamber comprises an expandable chamber wall.
24. The method of claim 16, wherein said medium is configured to modulate flow of said first and second fluid in said chamber.
25. The method of claim 24, wherein said medium is configured for binding a constituent of said first fluid.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein said constituent comprises a radiative component.
27. The method of claim 25, wherein said second fluid is configured for releasing said constituent from said medium.