1. A method of controlling battery usage of a first mobile device in a monitoring system for monitoring a plurality of mobile devices which are monitored at a server, the system comprising the server and the plurality of mobile devices monitored at the server, the plurality of mobile devices including the first mobile device, the first mobile device including a battery, the method comprising the steps of:
(i) each mobile device acquiring location data;
(ii) each mobile device sending the acquired location data to the server via a telecommunications network;
(iii) the first mobile device receiving an instruction from the server to adjust how often the first mobile device reports location data to the server, so as to control a battery usage of the first mobile device.
2. Method of claim 1, including the step of: before step (iii), the first mobile device sending a report to the server of a battery level of the battery of the first mobile device.
3. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: the server determining whether a position of the first mobile device has changed, and when a next position should be acquired by the first mobile device.
4. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: the server performing a trade off calculation, in which the server adjusts the instructions sent to the first mobile device in response to a decreasing battery charge level of the first mobile device.
5. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: calculating when to acquire the next position at the first mobile device in order to get enough information about the whereabouts of the first mobile device in order to ascertain the safety of the first mobile device.
6. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: if the server determines the first mobile device is currently stationary, the server instructs the first mobile device to send the next position update to the server only when an application running on the first mobile device determines a significant location change of the first mobile device.
7. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: if the server determines the first mobile device is currently travelling on a public transport journey, the server instructs the first mobile device to send the next position update to the server only when the public transport journey may next end (eg. at the next public transport station), as determined by the server.
8. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: if the server determines the first mobile device is currently travelling on a public transport journey, the server instructs the first mobile device to send the next position update to the server only when the public transport journey is most likely to end, as determined by the server.
9. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: the first mobile device monitoring its own position and if no position change is detected, position sending frequency is reduced by the first mobile device.
10. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: the first mobile device monitoring its own position and if no position change is detected, position sending frequency is reduced to not sending position at all.
11. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: the first mobile device monitoring its own position using its integral accelerometers.
12. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: the first mobile device monitoring its own position and determining its position change to within an uncertainty level.
13. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: the first mobile device monitoring its own position and position uncertainty using a GPS chip integral to the mobile device.
14. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: the first mobile device monitoring its own position and position uncertainty using a GPS chip which returns a speed and a direction of movement.
15. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: if a speed determined by the first mobile device is below a threshold level for longer than a threshold time period, the first mobile device concludes it is not moving.
16. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: if the mobile device detects movement after an interval of being stationary, position sending is resumed by the first mobile device.
17. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: the first mobile device investigating if it may be moving by checking if GSM cell IDs have changed since the previous time they were checked.
18. Method of claim 17, including the step of: if it is determined that the first mobile device may be moving, the next step is for the first mobile device to obtain a GPS fix to see if indeed the first mobile device has moved since a previous GPS fix.
19. Method of claim 18, including the step of: if the GPS fix indicates that there has not been a significant movement, the mobile device remains in a \u2018rest mode\u2019 to conserve battery power.
20. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: the first mobile device functioning autonomously between communications with the server.
21. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: when calculating a new position of the first mobile device, a GPS unit in the first mobile device remembers the last calculated position, almanac used, and UTC Time, but not which satellites were in view.
22. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: the server instructing the first mobile device to calculate a GPS position with a lowest selectable accuracy level, so as to reduce battery power consumption.
23. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: the server interrogating the first mobile device to determine a GPS chip being used by the first mobile device, and the server then selecting an accuracy level of the GPS position determination by the GPS chip, so as to achieve a required level of accuracy.
24. Method of any previous claim, including the step of: a frequency of updates from the first mobile device following an SOS alert from the first mobile device being reduced by the server, in response to a low battery charge level of the first mobile device.
25. Method of any previous claim, wherein the plurality of mobile devices are registered at the server.
26. A monitoring system for monitoring a plurality of mobile devices at a server, the system comprising the server and the plurality of mobile devices, the plurality of mobile devices including a first mobile device, the first mobile device including a battery, the system configured such that:
(i) each mobile device acquires location data;
(ii) each mobile device sends the acquired location data to the server via a telecommunications network;
(iii) the first mobile device is configured to receive an instruction from the server to adjust how often the first mobile device reports location data to the server, so as to control a battery usage of the first mobile device.
27. The server of claim 26.
28. The first mobile device of claim 26.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A filter apparatus for use in a reverse air filtration system, said apparatus comprising:
a particulate filter bag, said particulate filter bag having an inlet end for operative interconnection to a pollutant-laden fluid stream, said particulate filter bag defining an internal volume between said inlet end and an oppositely disposed cap end, said particulate filter bag having an upstream surface facing said internal volume and a downstream surface facing away from said internal volume;
at least one support disposed along a longitudinal axis of said particulate filter bag for support to maintain said internal volume; the support comprising a plurality of rigid rings oriented perpendicular to said longitudinal axis, wherein said plurality of rigid rings are each interconnected to said particulate filter bag; and
a sleeve removably disposed about said particulate filter bag and said at least one support, said sleeve disposed on said downstream surface side of said particulate filter bag.
2. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein said particulate filter bag comprises ePTFE.
3. The filter apparatus of claim 2, wherein said particulate filter bag comprises a backing and an ePTFE laminate.
4. The filter apparatus of claim 3, wherein said ePTFE laminate is disposed upstream of said backing.
5. The filter apparatus of claim 3, wherein said backing comprises a fiberglass fabric.
6. The filter apparatus of claim 2, said particulate filter bag with an air permeability greater than 2 cfmft2 measured at a differential pressure of 0.5 inches water gauge and a filtration efficiency greater than 80% at 0.3 microns (5.3 cms).
7. The filter apparatus of claim 1, wherein said sleeve comprises a gaseous pollutant remediation material.
8. The filter apparatus of claim 7, wherein said sleeve comprises an adsorptive material.
9. The filter apparatus of claim 8, wherein said adsorptive material comprises a carbon fabric layer.
10. The filter apparatus of claim 9, wherein said carbon fabric layer comprises activated carbon fibers created from at least one of novolac and novoloid fibers.
11. The filter apparatus of claim 8, wherein said adsorptive material comprises activated carbon particles adhered to a support material of said sleeve by a polymer adhesive, wherein said polymer adhesive comprises (a) strings of polymer, and (b) dispersion primary polymer particles, whereby said carbon particles are tethered by said polymer adhesive.
12. The filter apparatus of claim 7, wherein said sleeve comprises a catalytic material.
13. The filter apparatus of claim 12, wherein said sleeve comprises at least one of a catalytic felt and a catalytic fabric.
14. The filter apparatus of claim 13, wherein a catalyst of said at least one of a catalytic felt and a catalytic fabric comprises at least one of noble metals, transition metal oxides, alkali and alkaline earth metals.
15. A filter apparatus for use in a reverse air filtration system, said apparatus comprising:
a particulate filter bag, said particulate filter bag having an inlet end for operative interconnection to a pollutant-laden fluid stream, said particulate filter bag defining an internal volume between said inlet end and an oppositely disposed cap end, said particulate filter bag having an upstream surface facing said internal volume and a downstream surface facing away from said internal volume;
at least one support disposed along a longitudinal axis of said particulate filter bag for support to maintain said internal volume;
the support comprising a plurality of rigid rings oriented perpendicular to said longitudinal axis, wherein said plurality of rigid rings are each interconnected to said particulate filter bag; and
a sleeve removably disposed about said particulate filter bag and said at least one support, said sleeve disposed on said downstream surface side of said particulate filter bag, wherein said sleeve is in tension circumferentially about said particulate filter bag.
16. The filter apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a cap disposed at said cap end of said particulate filter bag, wherein said cap is operable to removably interconnect to said sleeve to retain said sleeve during operation of said reverse air filtration system.
17. The filter apparatus of claim 15, wherein said sleeve further comprises an abrasion resistant cuff disposed at an end of said sleeve corresponding to said inlet of said particulate filter bag.
18. The filter apparatus of claim 16, further comprising a hook extending from said cap in a direction opposite from said particulate filter bag.
19. A filter system comprising:
a particulate filter bag operable to filter particulates from a fluid stream, said particulate filter bag having an upstream side and a downstream side, said bag being defined as a first element, said upstream side operable to be oriented toward a fluid stream to be filtered, said particulate filter bag defining an internal volume between an inlet end and an oppositely disposed cap end, said upstream side of said first element facing said internal volume;
a second element to remove mercury from said fluid stream, said second element disposed on said downstream side of said first element, wherein said second element is disposed about said filter particulate filter bag, wherein said second element comprises a mercury adsorptive material for use in removing mercury from said fluid stream; and
at least one support disposed along a longitudinal axis of said particulate filter bag for support to maintain said internal volume; the support comprising a plurality of rigid rings oriented perpendicular to said longitudinal axis, wherein said plurality of rigid rings are each interconnected to said particulate filter bag.
20. The filter system of claim 19, wherein said particulate filter bag comprises ePTFE.
21. The filter system of claim 20, wherein said particulate filter bag comprises a fiberglass fabric and ePTFE laminate.
22. The filter system of claim 20, said particulate filter bag with an air permeability greater than 2 cfmft2 measured at a differential pressure of 0.5 inches water gauge and a filtration efficiency greater than 80% at 0.3 microns (5.3 cms).
23. The filter system of claim 19, wherein said second element comprises activated carbon fibers created from at least one of novolac and novoloid fibers.
24. The filter system of claim 19, wherein said mercury adsorptive material comprises activated carbon particles adhered to a support material of said second element by a polymer adhesive, wherein said polymer adhesive comprises (a) strings of polymer, and (b) dispersion primary polymer particles, whereby said carbon particles are tethered by said polymer adhesive.
25. The filter system of claim 19, wherein said mercury adsorptive material is regenerable.
26. A filter system comprising:
a first element operable to filter particulates from a fluid stream, said first element having an upstream side and a downstream side, said upstream side operable to be oriented toward a fluid stream to be filtered;
a second element to remove mercury from said fluid stream, said second element disposed on said downstream side of said first element, wherein said second element comprises activated carbon fibers created from at least one of novolac and novoloid fibers; and
at least one support disposed along a longitudinal axis of said first element for support to maintain an internal volume; the support comprising a plurality of rigid rings oriented perpendicular to said longitudinal axis, wherein said plurality of rigid rings are each interconnected to said first element.
27. The filter system of claim 26, wherein said first element is a particulate filter bag, wherein said particulate filter bag comprises a backing and an ePTFE laminate, wherein said backing comprises a fiberglass fabric.
28. The filter system of claim 26, wherein said first element is a particulate filter bag, wherein said particulate filter bag comprises ePTFE, wherein said particulate filter bag has an air permeability greater than 2 cfmft2 measured at a differential pressure of 0.5 inches water gauge and a filtration efficiency greater than 80% at 0.3 microns (5.3 cms).
29. The filter system of claim 26, wherein said filter system is a reverse air filtration system, wherein said first element is a particulate filter bag, wherein said second element is disposed about said first element, said first element defining said internal volume between an inlet end and an oppositely disposed cap end, said upstream side of said first element facing said internal volume.
30. The filter system of claim 26, wherein said filter system is a pulse jet filtration system, wherein said first element is a particulate filter bag, wherein said second element is disposed along said downstream side of said first element, said first element defining said internal volume between an outlet end and an oppositely disposed cap end, said downstream side of said first element facing said internal volume.
31. A filter system comprising:
a first element operable to filter particulates from a fluid stream, said first element having an upstream side and a downstream side, said upstream side operable to be oriented toward a fluid stream to be filtered;
a second element to remove mercury from said fluid stream, said second element disposed on said downstream side of said first element,
wherein said second element comprises a mercury adsorptive material for use in removing mercury from said fluid stream, wherein said mercury adsorptive material comprises activated carbon particles adhered to a support material of said second element by a polymer adhesive, wherein said polymer adhesive comprises (a) strings of polymer, and (b) dispersion primary polymer particles, whereby said carbon particles are tethered by said polymer adhesive; and
at least one support disposed along a longitudinal axis of said first element for support to maintain an internal volume; the support comprising a plurality of rigid rings oriented perpendicular to said longitudinal axis, wherein said plurality of rigid rings are each interconnected to said first element.
32. The filter system of claim 31, wherein said first element is a particulate filter bag, wherein said second element is disposed about said first element, said first element defining said internal volume between an inlet end and an oppositely disposed cap end, said upstream side of said first element facing said internal volume.
33. The filter system of claim 31, wherein said first element is a particulate filter bag, wherein said second element is disposed along said downstream side of said first element, said first element defining said internal volume between an outlet end and an oppositely disposed cap end, said downstream side of said first element facing said internal volume.
34. A filter apparatus for use in an air filtration system, said apparatus comprising:
a particulate filter bag, said particulate filter bag having a first end for operative interconnection to a tube sheet of a filtration system, said particulate filter bag defining an internal volume between said first end and an oppositely disposed cap end, said particulate filter bag having an upstream surface and a downstream surface;
a sleeve removably disposed adjacent to said downstream surface of said particulate filter bag, wherein said sleeve is regenerable; and
at least one support disposed along a longitudinal axis of said particulate filter bag for support to maintain said internal volume; the support comprising a plurality of rigid rings oriented perpendicular to said longitudinal axis, wherein said plurality of rigid rings are each interconnected to said particulate filter bag.
35. The filter apparatus of claim 34, wherein said particulate filter bag comprises ePTFE.
36. The filter apparatus of claim 34, wherein said sleeve comprises activated carbon fibers created from at least one of novolac and novoloid fibers.
37. The filter apparatus of claim 34, wherein said sleeve is operable to adsorb mercury from said pollutant-laden fluid stream, then desorb mercury when exposed to a desorb temperature that is elevated relative to a temperature of said fluid stream, and then re-adsorb mercury during subsequent exposure to said pollutant-laden fluid stream.