1. A rotation rate sensing apparatus, comprising:
a surface acoustic wave device comprising a plurality of interdigital transducers configured upon an elastic substrate, wherein said plurality of interdigital transducers includes a first interdigital transducer, a second interdigital transducer and a third interdigital transducer;
an antenna connected to said plurality of interdigital transducers, wherein said antenna receives an excitation signal for the excitation of said rotation rate sensing apparatus and for transmitting angular rate data from said rotation rate sensing apparatus;
a generator formed from said first and third interdigital transducers, wherein said generator generates a standing wave subject to a Coriolis force by adding two progressive waves at each of said first and third interdigital transducers; and
a sensor formed from said second interdigital transducer, wherein said elastic substrate is rotatable in a first direction in order to excite an electric field at said sensor in order to detect an amplitude of said electric field, wherein said amplitude, which is proportional to the magnitude of said Coriolis force, provides an indication of angular rate data thereof.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said first, second and third interdigital transducers comprise at least one of the following: a filter, a resonator, or a plurality of delay lines.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said second interdigital transducer is located centrally on said elastic substrate between said first and third interdigital transducers.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said first direction comprises a right direction relative to said elastic substrate.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said elastic substrate is formed from a piezoelectric material.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said plurality of interdigital transducers are arranged in a shape of a tuning fork, wherein said first interdigital transducer comprise a drive electrode and said third interdigital transducer comprises a pickup electrode and said second interdigital electrode comprises a tuning fork portion located centrally and perpendicular to said first interdigital transducer and said third interdigital transducer.
7. A rotation rate sensing apparatus, comprising:
a tuning fork device comprising a plurality of electrodes configured upon an elastic substrate, wherein said plurality of electrodes comprises a drive electrode and a pickup electrode, wherein said plurality of electrodes are connected to at least one antenna that receives an excitation signal for the excitation of said rotation rate sensing apparatus and for transmitting data from said rotation rate sensing apparatus, wherein flexural vibrations thereof occur in two perpendicular directions of beams thereof;
wherein said drive electrode is utilized to excite said beams into a vibration from an external RF interrogation signal provided by said excitation signal;
wherein a Coriolis force excites at least one other mode associated with said pickup electrode through which angular rate data associated with a rotating body located proximate to said rotation rate sensing apparatus;
wherein said at least one antenna comprises a first antenna connected to said pickup electrode, wherein said first antenna transmits data associated said angular rate data wirelessly to an interrogation unit; and
a second antenna for transmitting said angular rate data and receiving at least one interrogation signal wirelessly from said interrogation unit via a transmitter and receiver unit associated therewith.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said elastic substrate is formed from a piezoelectric material.
9. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said elastic substrate comprises a thin piezoelectric film deposited on another elastic substrate associated therewith.
10. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said flexural vibrations in two perpendicular directions of beams comprises an H-shaped tuning fork.
11. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said flexural vibrations in two perpendicular directions of beams include thickness-shear vibrations in two perpendicular directions of plates thereof.
12. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said flexural vibrations in two perpendicular directions of beams include radial and torsional vibrations of a circular cylindrical shell.
13. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein said flexural vibrations in two perpendicular directions of beams include degenerate modes of circular disks, shells, or rings adapted for use in forming a gyroscope comprising said.
14. A rotation rate sensing method, comprising:
providing a surface acoustic wave device comprising a plurality of interdigital transducers configured upon a elastic substrate, wherein said plurality of interdigital transducers includes a first interdigital transducer, a second interdigital transducer and a third interdigital transducer;
forming a generator from said first and third interdigital transducers, wherein said generator generates a standing wave subject to a Coriolis force by adding two progressive waves at each of said first and third interdigital transducers;
configuring a sensor from said second interdigital transducer, wherein said second interdigital transducer is located centrally on said elastic substrate between said first and third interdigital transducers and wherein said elastic substrate is rotatable in a first direction in order to excite an electric field at said sensor in order to detect an amplitude of said electric field, wherein said amplitude, which is proportional to the magnitude of said Coriolis force, provides an indication of angular rate data thereof; and
connecting said plurality of interdigital transducers to at least one antenna that receives an excitation signal for the excitation of said rotation rate sensing apparatus and for transmitting angular rate data from said rotation rate sensing apparatus, and;
providing at least one interrogation unit associated with a transmitterreceiver unit that receives said angular rate data from said at least one antenna and transmits at least one interrogation signal wirelessly from said interrogation electronics unit via said transmitterreceiver to said at least one antenna.
15. The method of claim 14 wherein said first, second and third interdigital transducers comprise at least one of the following: a resonator, a filter or a plurality of delay lines.
16. The method of claim 14 wherein said second interdigital transducer is located centrally on said elastic substrate between said first and third interdigital transducers.
17. The method of claim 14 wherein said first direction comprises a right direction relative to said elastic substrate.
18. The method of claim 14 wherein said elastic substrate is formed from a piezoelectric material.
19. The method of claim 18 wherein said plurality of interdigital transducers are arranged in a shape of a tuning fork, wherein said first interdigital transducer comprise a drive electrode and said third interdigital transducer comprises a pickup electrode and said second interdigital electrode comprises a tuning fork portion located centrally and perpendicular to said first interdigital transducer and said third interdigital transducer.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An optical termination system comprising:
a first Optical Line Terminal (OLT) to communicate with a plurality of Optical Network Units (ONUs) through an optical transmission line, the OLT having a control information storage to store control information of the plurality of ONUs;
a standby OLT having a storage capable of storing the control information to be transferred from the first OLT; and
a controller to control switching from the first OLT to the standby OLT.
2. The optical termination system of claim 1 wherein the controller intermediates transmission of the control information from the first OLT to the standby OLT.
3. The optical termination system of claim 1 wherein
the controller is configured to block the standby OLT from outputting to the plurality of ONUs before switching from the first OLT to the standby OLT, and wherein
the controller is configured to stop the first OLT from outputting to the plurality of ONUs after switching from the first OLT to the standby OLT.
4. The optical termination system of claim 1, further comprising:
a first switch being controlled by the controller to selectively connect an optical inputoutput port of the standby OLT with the optical transmission line; and
a second switch being controlled by the controller to selectively connect an upstream inputoutput port of the standby OLT with an upper network of the first OLT.
5. An optical termination system comprising:
a first OLT to communicate with a plurality of ONUs through an optical transmission line;
a standby OLT; and
a controller to control switching from the first OLT to the standby OLT, the controller having a control information storage to store control information of the plurality of ONUs that communicate with the first OLT, and to control switching access to the control information storage from the first OLT to the standby OLT.
6. The optical termination system of claim 5 wherein
the controller is configured to block the standby OLT from outputting to the plurality of ONUs before switching from the first OLT to the standby OLT, and wherein
the controller is configured to stop the first OLT from outputting after switching from the first OLT to the standby OLT.
7. The optical termination system of claim 5, further comprising:
a first switch being controlled by the controller to selectively connect an optical inputoutput port of the standby OLT with the optical transmission line; and
a second switch being controlled by the controller to selectively connect an upstream inputoutput port of the standby OLT with an upper network of the first OLT.
8. An optical termination system comprising:
an optical transmitterreceiver to connect with a plurality of ONUs through an optical transmission line;
a first OLT electric unit to communicate with the plurality of ONUs using the optical transmitterreceiver, the first OLT electric unit having a control information storage to store control information of the plurality of ONUs;
a standby OLT electric unit having a storage to store the control information to be transferred from the first OLT electric unit; and
a controller to control switching from the first OLT electric unit to the standby OLT electric unit.
9. The optical termination system of claim 8 wherein
the controller is configured to block the standby OLT electric unit from outputting to the optical transmitterreceiver before switching from the first OLT electric unit to the standby OLT electric unit, and wherein
the controller is configured to stop the first OLT electric unit from outputting to optical transmitterreceiver after switching from the first OLT electric unit to the standby OLT electric unit.
10. The optical termination system of claim 8, further comprising:
a first switch being controlled by the controller to connect a downstream inputoutput port of the first OLT electric unit or a downstream inputoutput port of the standby OLT electric unit to the optical transmitterreceiver; and
a second switch being controlled by the controller to selectively connect an upstream inputoutput port of the first OLT electric unit or upstream inputoutput port of the standby OLT electric unit to an upper network.
11. A method for operating an optical termination system, the optical termination system having a plurality of Optical Line Terminals and a plurality of standby Optical Line Terminals, the method comprising:
detecting a fault in one of the plurality of Optical Line Terminals;
switching from the Optical Line Terminal detected with a fault to one of the plurality of standby Optical Line Terminals;
controlling the standby Optical Line Terminal to begin functioning; and
controlling the Optical Line Terminal detected with a fault to stop operating.
12. A method for operating the optical termination system as claimed in claim 11, further comprising:
storing control information in each of the plurality of Optical Line Terminals; and
transferring the control information from the Optical Line Terminal detected with a fault to the standby Optical Line Terminal.
13. A method for operating the optical termination system as claimed in claim 11, further comprising:
storing control information in each of the plurality of Optical Line Terminals;
continuously transferring control information from each of the plurality of Optical Line Terminals to a controller; and
transferring control information in the controller to the standby Optical Line Terminal, wherein the control information transferred to the standby Optical Line Terminal pertains to the control information originally stored in the Optical Line Terminal detected with a fault.
14. A method for operating the optical termination system as claimed in claim 11, further comprising:
searching a plurality of Optical Network Units to construct control information; and
storing the control information within the standby Optical Line Terminal.
15. A method for operating the optical termination system as claimed in claim 11, further comprising:
storing control information in a controller; and
switching access to the control information in the controller from the Optical Line Terminal detected with a fault to the standby Optical Line Terminal.
16. A method for operating the optical termination system as claimed in claim 11, further comprising:
continuously transferring control information from one of the plurality of Optical Line Terminals to a dedicated standby Optical Line Terminal,
wherein the dedicated standby Optical Line Terminal is one of the plurality of standby Optical Line Terminals and is dedicated to one of the plurality of Optical Line Terminals, and
wherein switching occurs between the Optical Line Terminal detected with a fault and the dedicated standby Optical Line Terminal, the dedicated standby Optical Line Terminal being dedicated to the Optical Line Terminal detected with a fault. invention as defined in the claims.