1: A one-component polyurethane system containing the mixture of
A) at least one blocked aromatic, aliphatic, (cyclo)aliphatic andor cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate component;
B) at least one monomeric, oligomeric andor polymeric polyol;
C) at least one quaternary ammonium salt that contains a hydroxide, a fluoride or a carboxylate as counterion, in a concentration of from 0.001% to 3%, based on the total amount of the formulation;
D) at least one acid scavenger, in a concentration of from 0.1% to 5%, based on the total amount of the formulation;
E) optionally further monoalcohols, monoamines or diamines;
F) optionally solvents andor water; and
G) optionally further auxiliaries and additives.
2. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 1,
characterized in that
polyisocyanate component A) is prepared using diisocyanates of aromatic, aliphatic, and (cyclo)aliphatic andor cycloaliphatic structure.
3. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 2,
characterized in that polyisocyanate component A) is selected from the group consisting of
isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), diisocyanato-dicyclohexylmethane (H12MDI), 2-methylpentane diisocyanate (MPDI), 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate (TMDI), norbornane diisocyanate (NBDI), toluidine diisocyanate (TDI), methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI).
4. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 3,
characterized in that
IPDI, HDI, and H12MDI are used.
5. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the polyisocyanate component A) is chain-extended with polyols prior to blocking.
6. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 1,
characterized in that the blocking agent is selected from the group consisting of
methyl ethyl ketoxime, acetone oxime, phenol or a phenol derivative, \u03b5 caprolactam, 1,2,4-triazole, 2,5-dimethylpyrazole, diethyl malonate, ethyl acetoacetate, N-tert-butyl-N-benzylamine and diisopropylamine.
7. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 1,
characterized in that polyol B) is selected from the group consisting of
ethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, butane-1,4-diol, pentane-1,5-diol, hexane-1,6-diol, 3-methylpentane-1,5-diol, neopentyl glycol, 2,2,4(2,4,4)-trimethylhexanediol and neopentyl glycol hydroxypivalate, alone or in a mixture.
8. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 1,
characterized in that polyol B) is selected from the group consisting of
trimethylolpropane, ditrimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, hexane-1,2,6-triol, butane-1,2,4-triol, tris(\u03b2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanurate, pentaerythritol, mannitol and sorbitol.
9. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 1,
characterized in that polyol B) is selected from the group consisting of
a polyester, polycarbonate, polycaprolactone, polyether, polythioether, polyesteramide, polyurethane and polyacetal.
10. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 1,
characterized in that catalyst C) is selected from the group consisting of
tetramethylammonium formate, tetramethylammonium acetate, tetramethylammonium propionate, tetramethylammonium butyrate, tetramethylammonium benzoate, tetraethylammonium formate, tetraethylammonium acetate, tetraethylammonium propionate, tetraethylammonium butyrate, tetraethylammonium benzoate, tetrapropylammonium formate, tetrapropylammonium acetate, tetrapropylammonium propionate, tetrapropylammonium butyrate, tetrapropylammonium benzoate, tetrabutylammonium formate, tetrabutylammonium acetate, tetrabutylammonium propionate, tetrabutylammonium butyrate or tetrabutylammonium benzoate, methyltributylammonium hydroxide, methyltriethylammonium hydroxide, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, tetrapentylammonium hydroxide, tetrahexylammonium hydroxide, tetraoctylammonium hydroxide, tetradecylammonium hydroxide, tetradecyltrihexylammonium hydroxide, tetraoctadecylammonium hydroxide, benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, benzyltriethylammonium hydroxide, trimethylphenylammonium hydroxide, triethylmethylammonium hydroxide, trimethylvinylammonium hydroxide, tetramethylammonium fluoride, tetraethylammonium fluoride, tetrabutylammonium fluoride, tetraoctylammonium fluoride and benzyltrimethylammonium fluoride.
11. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 1,
characterized in that the acid-scavenging compound D) is selected from the group consisting of
an epoxy compound, a carbodiimide, a hydroxyalkyl amide, 2-oxazoline, and an inorganic hydroxide, hydrogencarbonate or carbonate salt.
12. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 1,
characterized in that the acid-scavenging compound D) is selected from the group consisting of
triglycidyl ether isocyanurate (TGIC), EPIKOTE\xae 828 (diglycidyl ether based on bisphenol A, Shell), Versatic acid glycidyl ester, ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, butyl glycidyl ether, Polypox R 16 (pentaerythritol tetraglycidyl ether, UPPC AG), other Polypox grades containing free epoxy groups, Vestagon EP HA 320 (hydroxyalkyl amide, Degussa AG), phenylenebisoxazoline, 2-methyl-2-oxazoline, 2 hydroxyethyl-2-oxazoline, 2-hydroxypropyl-2-oxazoline, 5-hydroxypentyl-2-oxazoline, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate.
13. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 1,
characterized in that compound E) is selected from the group consisting of
methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, sec-butanol, an isomeric pentanol, hexanol, octanol or nonanol, n-decanol, n dodecanol, n-tetradecanol, n-hexadecanol, n-octadecanol, cyclohexanol, an isomeric methylcyclohexanol or hydroxymethylcyclohexane, dimethylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, propylamine, dipropylamine, butylamine, dibutylamine, hexylamine, dihexylamine, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, butylenediamine and hexamethylenediamine.
14. The one-component polyurethane system according to claim 1,
characterized in that solvent F) is selected from the group consisting of
acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, xylene, Solvesso 100, Solvesso 150, methoxypropyl acetate and Dibasic ester.
15. A metal-free one-component polyurethane system comprising a mixture of
A) at least one blocked aromatic, aliphatic, (cyclo)aliphatic andor cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate component;
B) at least one monomeric, oligomeric andor polymeric polyol;
C) at least one quaternary ammonium salt that contains a hydroxide, a fluoride or a carboxylate as counterion, in a concentration of from 0.001% to 3%, based on the total amount of the formulation;
D) at least one acid scavenger, in a concentration of from 0.1% to 5%, based on the total amount of the formulation;
E) optionally further monoalcohols, monoamines or diamines;
F) optionally solvents andor water; and
G) optionally further auxiliaries and additives.
16. A coating containing
A) at least one blocked aromatic, aliphatic, (cyclo)aliphatic andor cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate component;
B) at least one monomeric, oligomeric andor polymeric polyol;
C) at least one quaternary ammonium salt that contains a hydroxide, a fluoride or a carboxylate as counterion, in a concentration of from 0.001% to 3%, based on the total amount of the formulation;
D) at least one acid scavenger, in a concentration of from 0.1% to 5%, based on the total amount of the formulation;
E) optionally further monoalcohols, monoamines or diamines;
F) optionally solvent andor water; and
G) optionally further auxiliaries and additives.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A system comprising:
a first port to receive a network packet;
a second port in communication with the first port, the second port to transmit the network packet after processing;
a first circuitry to associate first control information with a first portion of the network packet and to associate second control information with a second portion of the network packet;
a second circuitry to process the first portion of the network packet and to process the second portion of the network packet at least partially in parallel with processing the first portion of the network packet; and
a third circuitry to enqueue the first portion and the second portion for transmission to the second port in the same order in which the first portion and the second portion were received at the first port, comprising:
one or more peripheral buses;
a memory system; and
a processor coupled to the one or more peripheral buses and the memory system, the processor adapted to forward data from the first port to the second port and comprising one or more microengines to execute program threads, the threads including receive schedule program threads to assign the first portion of the network packet from the first port to a first receive processing program thread and the second portion of the network packet to a second receive processing program thread.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the third circuitry comprises:
a bus interface to:
receive the first portion of the network packet and the second portion of the network packet from the first port; and
enqueue the first portion and the second portion in the order in which they were received from the first port for transmission to the second port, the first and second portions being processed at least partially in parallel.
3. The system of claim 2 wherein the bus interface is responsive to the one or more microengines, and wherein the first and second receive processing program threads are adapted for processing and enqueueing.
4. The system of claim 3 wherein the bus interface uses sequence numbers to enqueue the first portion and the second portion, wherein the bus interface is to associate one or more first portion sequence numbers with the first portion and one or more second portion sequence numbers with the second portion as the first and second portions are received from the first port.
5. The system of claim 4 wherein the bus interface is further to maintain a second set of sequence numbers for use by the first and second receive processing program threads in determining the order in which the first and second portions are to be enqueued.
6. The system of claim 2 wherein the one or more peripheral buses comprise at least one input-output bus, wherein the processor is adapted to interface over the input-output bus with at least one of a media access controller device and a high-speed device, the high-speed device comprising at least one of a gigabit Ethernet MAC and a dual gigabit MAC with two ports.
7. The system of claim 2 wherein the memory system further comprises at least one of a random access memory, a synchronous dynamic random access memory, a synchronous dynamic random access memory controller, a static random access memory controller, and a nonvolatile memory.
8. The system of claim 7 wherein the memory system further comprises a memory bus, wherein the memory bus is adapted to couple one or more bus interfaces to one or more memory controllers.
9. The system of claim 2 wherein the processor comprises one or more microengines to execute program threads, wherein the one or more microengines are configured to operate with shared resources, and wherein the shared resources comprise the memory system and the one or more peripheral buses.
10. The system of claim 9 wherein the bus interface comprises an input-output bus interface.
11. The system of claim 9 wherein the bus interface is coupled to an input-output bus, wherein the input-output bus is coupled to a dual gigabit MAC.
12. The system of claim 9 wherein at least one of the microengines comprises:
a control store for storing a microprogram; and
a set of control logic, wherein the set of control logic comprises an instruction decoder and one or more program counter units.
13. The system of claim 12 wherein at least one of the microengines further comprises a set of context event switching logic to receive messages from the shared resources.
14. A communication system comprising:
a media access controller capable of providing one or more status flags, the media access controller comprising one or more ports;
a bus interface unit comprising one or more registers, wherein the one or more registers comprise control registers and status registers;
a bus connected between the media access controller and the bus interface unit; and
a sequencer to poll the one or more status flags and place the one or more status flags to the one or more registers over the bus, wherein the communication system is capable of processing one or more packets of data, and wherein the communication system is capable of maintaining an intra-packet order and an inter-packet order for the one or more ports; and
wherein the communication system is capable of enqueuing a first portion of a network packet and a second portion of a network packet for transmission to a second port in the same order in which the first portion and the second portion were received at a first port.
15. The communication system of claim 14 wherein the media access controller further comprises one or more transmit registers and one or more receive registers, and wherein the one or more ports comprise at least two gigabit Ethernet ports.
16. The communication system of claim 14 wherein the one or more status flags comprise one or more transmit status flags and one or more receive status flags, and wherein the one or more flags indicate whether an amount of data in associated transmit registers and associated received registers have reached a threshold level.
17. The communication system of claim 16 wherein a receive scheduler thread uses the one or more registers in the bus interface unit to determine how to issue a receive request.
18. The communication system of claim 14 wherein the communication system uses a set of sequence numbers for each port, wherein the sequence numbers comprise a network packet sequence number, a MAC packet sequence number, and an enqueue sequence number.
19. A system comprising:
receiving means to receive a network packet at a first port;
transmitting means for transmitting the network packet after processing, the receiving means in communication with the transmitting means;
means for associating a first control information with a first portion of the network packet;
means for associating second control information with a second portion of the network packet;
means for processing the first portion of the network packet and the second portion of the network packet at least partially in parallel; and
means for enqueueing the first portion and the second portion for transmitting to a second port in the same order in which the first portion and the second portion were received at the first port, comprising:
one or more peripheral buses;
a memory system; and
a processor coupled to the one or more peripheral buses and the memory system, the processor adapted to forward data from the first port to the second port and comprising one or more microengines to execute program threads, the threads including receive schedule program threads to assign the first portion of the network packet from the first port to a first receive processing program thread and the second portion of the network packet to a second receive processing program thread.
20. The system of claim 19 wherein the means for processing the first portion of the network packet and the second portion of the network packet at least partially in parallel is implemented at least partially in software.