1. A dental fixture for insertion into a human jawbone, comprising a bone contacting surface, wherein at least 50% of the bone-contacting surface is designed such that when a Gaussian 50 \u03bcm high-pass filter and a Gaussian 3 \u03bcm low-pass filter is applied to an original unfiltered set of measurement data which represents a topography of said surface and which is obtained at 50 times magnification by white light interferometry, the resulting filtered set of data presents a surface topography of the implant, the implant having a surface roughness having a value of the roughness average parameter Sa\u22671 \u03bcm and having a value of the two-dimensional mean slope parameter ranging from Rsl\u2267tan 30\xb0 to Rsl\u2266tan 70\xb0, wherein the surface roughness of the implant comprises pits andor protrusions which are defined by walls extending into or from a fixture surface, wherein at least 50% of said pits andor protrusions have walls having an angle of inclination of 30\xb0 or more.
2. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bone contacting surface has a coronal end and an apical end, wherein said surface roughness is present at least at an area located closer to the coronal end than to the apical end, suitably at least at an area located within the first third of the total axial extent from the coronal end to the apical end.
3. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein when a Gaussian 4 \u03bcm low-pass filter is applied instead of said 3 \u03bcm low-pass filter, the resulting filtered image presents said surface topography, the implant having a surface roughness having a value of the roughness average parameter Sa\u22671 \u03bcm and having a value of the two-dimensional mean slope parameter Rsl\u2267tan 30\xb0 to Rsl\u2266tan 70\xb0.
4. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein when a Gaussian 5 \u03bcm low-pass filter is applied instead of said 3 \u03bcm low-pass filter, the resulting filtered image presents said surface topography, the implant having a surface roughness having a value of the roughness average parameter Sa\u22671 \u03bcm and having a value of the two-dimensional mean slope parameter Rsl\u2267tan 30\xb0 to Rsl\u2266tan 70\xb0.
5. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional mean slope parameter Rsl\u2267tan 35\xb0 to Rsl\u2266tan 70\xb0.
6. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the roughness average parameter Sa\u22671.5 \u03bcm.
7. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, comprising a thread for inserting the fixture into the jawbone by means of rotation, wherein the thread is provided with said surface roughness.
8. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 7, wherein the thread has a thread profile comprising two flanks and an apex formed by the intersection of said two flanks, wherein both flanks are provided with said surface roughness.
9. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein said pits and grooves forming said surface roughness are is superposed by a nanostructure which has a value of the roughness average parameter Sa\u22670.1 \u03bcm when measured by applying a Gaussian 2 \u03bcm high-pass filter to said set of measurement data.
10. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein said surface roughness is produced by anyone of or any combination of the methods selected from the group consisting of:
knurling the surface of the fixture,
etching,
blasting,
nanolithography, and
laser ablation.
11. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixture surface is at least partly presented by a machined titanium surface.
12. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, with the proviso that the fixture surface has not been coated with hydoxylapatite (HA).
13. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, with the proviso that the fixture surface has not been coated by titanium plasma spraying (TPS).
14. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least 50% of said walls of said pits andor protrusions forming the surface roughness of the implant have a substantially constant inclination.
15. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional mean slope parameter ranges from Rsl\u2267tan 40\xb0 to Rsl\u2266tan 70\xb0.
16. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein the roughness average parameter Sa\u22672 \u03bcm.
17. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least 50% of said walls of said pits andor protrusions have an angle of inclination of 60\xb0\xb15.
18. The dental fixture as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least a percentage of said walls of said pits andor protrusions forming the surface roughness have only a slight curvature with respect to said fixture surface.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An image processing apparatus for transferring scan image data acquired by a document reader to an editing apparatus and receiving print data based on the scan image data from the editing apparatus to perform image processing, the image processing apparatus comprising:
a first generator configured to generate first attribute data from the scan image data acquired by the document reader, the first attribute data indicating an image attribute constituting the scan image data;
a second generator configured to generate second attribute data based on the print data received from the editing apparatus, the second attribute data indicating an image attribute constituting print image data generated based on the print data; and
a third generator configured to generate third attribute data for each pixel constituting the print image data based on attribute information of corresponding pixels in the first attribute data and attribute information of corresponding pixels in the second attribute data, wherein
one of the first, second and third attribute data indicates whether or not each pixel in image data shows a character.
2. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the first, second, and third attribute data is composed of a bit string including at least two bits and an attribute type is defined in each bit, and
wherein the third generator is configured to generate the third attribute data by determining each bit value in the third attribute data according to an attribute type and a bit value of each bit in the first attribute data and the second attribute data.
3. The image processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, the third generator assigns the value of each bit in the first attribute data to the corresponding bit in the third attribute data, and changes a value of a predetermined bit in the third attribute data based on the value of a bit indicating a predetermined attribute type in the second attribute data.
4. The image processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the third generator performs calculation of a predetermined bit value in the first attribute data and a predetermined bit value in the second attribute data, and assigns a calculation result to a predetermined bit in the third attribute data.
5. The image processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a transmitter configured to transmit the first attribute data generated by the first generator together with the scan image data to the editing apparatus.
6. The image processing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein, if the first attribute data is edited by the editing apparatus, the third generator generates the third attribute data using the first attribute data edited by the editing apparatus and the second attribute data.
7. A method for controlling an image processing apparatus for transferring scan image data acquired by a document reader to an editing apparatus and receiving print data based on the scan image data from the editing apparatus to perform image processing, the method comprising:
generating first attribute data from the scan image data acquired by the document reader, the first attribute data indicating an image attribute constituting the scan image data;
generating second attribute data based on the print data received from the editing apparatus, the second attribute data indicating an image attribute constituting print image data generated based on the print data; and
generating third attribute data for each of the pixels constituting the print image data based on attribute information of the corresponding pixel in the first attribute data and attribute information of the corresponding pixel in the second attribute data, wherein
one of the first, second and third attribute data indicates whether or not each pixel in image data shows a character.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein each of the first, second, and third attribute data is composed of a bit string including at least two bits and an attribute type is defined in each bit, and
wherein the third attribute data is generated by determining each bit value in the third attribute data according to an attribute type and a bit value of each bit in the first attribute data and the second attribute data.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step of generating the third attribute data, the value of each bit in the first attribute data is assigned to the corresponding bit in the third attribute data, and a value of a predetermined bit in the third attribute data is changed based on the value of a bit indicating a predetermined attribute type in the second attribute data.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein in the step of generating the third attribute data, calculation of a predetermined bit value in the first attribute data and a predetermined bit value in the second attribute data is performed, and a calculation result is assigned to a predetermined bit in the third attribute data.
11. The method according to claim 7, further comprising transmitting the first attribute data together with the scan image data to the editing apparatus.
12. The method according to claim 11, wherein, if the first attribute data is edited by the editing apparatus, the third attribute data is generated using the first attribute data edited by the editing apparatus and the second attribute data in the step of generating the third attribute data.
13. A computer readable medium containing computer-executable instructions for controlling an image processing apparatus for transferring scan image data acquired by a document reader to an editing apparatus and receiving print data based on the scan image data from the editing apparatus to perform image processing, the computer readable medium comprising:
computer-executable instructions for generating first attribute data from the scan image data acquired by the document reader, the first attribute data indicating an image attribute constituting the scan image data;
computer-executable instructions for generating second attribute data based on the print data received from the editing apparatus, the second attribute data indicating an image attribute constituting print image data generated based on the print data; and
computer-executable instructions for generating third attribute data for each of the pixels constituting the print image data based on attribute information of the corresponding pixel in the first attribute data and attribute information of the corresponding pixel in the second attribute data, wherein
one of the first, second and third attribute data indicates whether or not each pixel in image data shows a character.
14. The computer readable medium according to claim 13, wherein each of the first, second, and third attribute data is composed of a bit string including at least two bits and an attribute type is defined in each bit, and
wherein the third attribute data is generated by determining each bit value in the third attribute data according to an attribute type and a bit value of each bit in the first attribute data and the second attribute data.
15. The computer-executable instructions according to claim 14, wherein in the generation the third attribute data, the value of each bit in the first attribute data is assigned to the corresponding bit in the third attribute data, and a value of a predetermined bit in the third attribute data is changed based on the value of a bit indicating a predetermined attribute type in the second attribute data.
16. The computer-executable instructions according to claim 14, wherein in the generation the third attribute data, calculation of a predetermined bit value in the first attribute data and a predetermined bit value in the second attribute data is performed, and a calculation result is assigned to a predetermined bit in the third attribute data.
17. The computer-executable instructions according to claim 13, further comprising computer-executable instructions for transmitting the first attribute data together with the scan image data to the editing apparatus.
18. The computer-executable instructions according to claim 17, wherein, if the first attribute data is edited by the editing apparatus, the third attribute data is generated using the first attribute data edited by the editing apparatus and the second attribute data in the step of generating the third attribute data.