1. A method for the preparation of a functionalized thin film composite polyamide membrane, which method comprises carrying out on a microporous substrate a
polycondensation reaction of
a) an aromatic amine with at least two amine functionalities; with
an aromatic acyl halide with at least 3 \u2014C(O)Cl groups; in the presence of
b1) a radical addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) control agent or
b2) an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) control agent or
b3) a nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization (NMRP) control agent having a glycidyl functionality.
2. A method according to claim 1 for the preparation of a functionalized thin film composite membrane consisting of a continuous polyamide layer on a microporous substrate, comprising carrying out on a microporous substrate a polycondensation reaction of
a) an aromatic amine with at least two amine functionalities; with
an aromatic acyl halide with at least 3 \u2014C(O)Cl groups; and
b1) a radical addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) control agent having an acid halide functionality,
b2) an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) control agent having an acid halide functionality, or
b3) a nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization (NMRP) control agent having a glycidyl functionality.
3. A method according to claim 2, further comprising polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of a source of free radicals and the functionalized thin film composite polyamide membrane, resulting in the formation of polymer chains that are covalently bound to the thin film composite membrane.
4. A method according to claim 1 for the preparation of a functionalized thin film composite polyamide membrane comprising carrying out on the microporous substrate a polycondensation reaction of
a) an aromatic amine of formula (I)
wherein at least two of R10-R15 are \u2014NH2 and the others are independently hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl; with
an aromatic acyl halide of formula (II)
wherein at least 3 of R16-R21 are a group \u2014C(O)Cl and the others are independently hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl; in the presence of
b1) a RAFT control agent of formula (IIIa) or (IIIb)
or
b2) an ATRP control agent of formula (IVa) or (IVb)
or
b3) a NMRP control agent of formula (Va) or (Vb)
wherein n is a number from 1 to 4;
wherein in formula (IIIa) and (IIIb)
Z1 in formula (IIIa) is C1-C18alkylene, C3-C18alkylene which is interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms or phenylene, which all may be substituted by C1-C4alkyl, halogen, cyano, C1-C4alkoxy or C1-C4alkoxycarbonyl;
Z2 in formula (IIIb) is hydrogen, chlorine, C1-C18alkyl, phenyl, C3-C7cyloalkyl, C3-C7cycloalkenyl, C3-C7heterocycloalkyl, C3-C7heterocycloalkenyl, C1-C18alkylthio, phenylthio, C7-C12-phenylalkylthio, C1-C18alkoxy, phenyloxy, amino, C1-C18alkoxycarbonyl, phenyloxycarbonyl, carboxy, C1-C18acyloxy, benzoylloxy, carbamoyl, cyano, C2-C18-dialkyl-phosphonato, diphenyl-phosphonato, C1-C18dialkyl-phosphinato, diphenyl-phosphinato or a polymer chain having a number average degree of polymerization in the range of 5 to 1000; which groups may all be substituted by C1-C4alkyl, halogen, cyano, C1-C4alkoxy or C1-C4alkoxycarbonyl;
R22, R23 and R24 are each independently H, halogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C8 cycloalkyl, a polymer chain having a number average degree of polymerization in the range 5 to 1000, C(\u2550Y)R101 or C(\u2550Y)NR102R103, where Y is NR104 or O, R101 is alkyl of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, alkoxy of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aryloxy or heterocycloxy, R102 and R103 are independently H or alkyl of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or R102 and R103 are joined together to form an alkylene group of from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, thus forming a 3- to 6-membered ring, and R104 is H, straight or branched C1-C20 alkyl or aryl;
or R22, R23 and R24 are each independently CN, C2-C20 alkenyl or alkynyl, oxiranyl, glycidyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, aralkyl or aryl-substituted alkenyl where alkyl is defined above and alkenyl is vinyl which may be substituted with one or two C1-C4 alkyl groups andor halogen atoms; C1-C6 alkyl in which from 1 to all of the hydrogen atoms are replaced with halogen or C1-C8 alkyl substituted with from 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-C4 alkoxy, aryl, heterocyclyl, C(\u2550Y)R101, C(\u2550Y)NR102R103, oxiranyl and glycidyl; such that no more than two of R22, R23 and R24 are H, and
R25 is C1-C18 alkylene, C3-C18 alkylene which is interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, or phenylene, which all may be substituted by C1-C4 alkyl, halogen, cyano, C1-C4 alkoxy, C(\u2550Y)R101 or C(\u2550Y)NR102R103 where Y, R101, R102 and R103 are as defined above;
wherein in formula (IVa) and (IVb)
X is Cl, Br or I;
R30 is C1-C18 alkylene, C3-C18 alkylene which is interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms, or phenylene, which all may be substituted by C1-C4 alkyl, halogen, cyano, C1-C4 alkoxy, C(\u2550Y)R101, or C(\u2550Y)NR102R103 where Y, R101, R102 and R103 are as defined above; and
R31 and R32 have the same meaning as R22 and R23;
wherein in formula (Va) and (Vb)
the R1 are each independently of one another hydrogen, halogen, NO2, cyano, \u2014CONR5R6, \u2014(R9)COOR4, \u2014C(O)\u2014R7, \u2014OR8, \u2014SR8, \u2014NHR8, \u2014N(R8)2, carbamoyl, di(C1-C18alkyl)carbamoyl, \u2014C(\u2550NR5)(NHR6);
unsubstituted C1-C18alkyl, C2-C18alkenyl, C2-C18alkynyl, C7-C9-phenylalkyl, C3-C12cycloalkyl or C2-C12heterocycloalkyl; or
C1-C18alkyl, C2-C18alkenyl, C2-C18 alkynyl, C7-C9-phenylalkyl, C3-C12cycloalkyl or C2-C12heterocycloalkyl, which are substituted by NO2, halogen, amino, hydroxy, cyano, carboxy, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4alkylthio, C1-C4alkylamino or di(C1-C4alkyl)amino; or
phenyl or naphthyl, which are unsubstituted or substituted by C1-C4alkyl, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4alkylthio, halogen, cyano, hydroxy, carboxy, C1-C4alkylamino or di(C1-C4alkyl)amino;
R4 is hydrogen, C1-C18alkyl, phenyl, an alkali metal cation or a tetraalkylammonium cation;
R5 and R6 are hydrogen, C1-C18alkyl, C2-C18alkyl which is substituted by at least one hydroxy group or, taken together, form a C2-C12alkylene bridge or a C2-C12-alkylene bridge interrupted by at least one O orand NR8 atom;
R7 is hydrogen, C1-C18alkyl or phenyl;
R8 is hydrogen, C1-C18alkyl or C2-C18alkyl which is substituted by at least one hydroxy group;
R9 is C1-C12alkylene or a direct bond;
or all R1 form together the residue of a polycyclic cycloaliphatic ring system or a polycyclic heterocycloaliphatic ring system with at least one di- or trivalent nitrogen atom;
the R2 are independently of each other phenyl or C1-C6alkyl or two together with the linking carbon atom form a C5-C6cycloalkyl group;
A is a divalent group required to form a cyclic 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring and
R3 is a radical of formula (II)
wherein
X1 is phenylene, naphthylene or biphenylene, which are unsubstituted or substituted by NO2, halogen, amino, hydroxy, cyano, carboxy, C1-C4alkoxy, C1-C4alkylthio, C1-C4alkylamino or di(C1-C4alkyl)amino;
the R\u2032 are independently of each other H or CH3;
D is a group
and
m is a number from 1 to 4.
5. A method according to 4 where the polycondensation reaction is carried out in the presence of b1) a RAFT control agent of formula (IIIa) or (IIIb).
6. A method according to claim 4 where the polycondensation reaction is carried out in the presence of b2) an ATRP control agent of formula (IVa) or (IVb).
7. A method according to claim 4 where the polycondensation reaction is carried out in the presence of b3) a NMRP control agent of formula (Va) or (Vb).
8. A method according to claim 4 wherein the microporous substrate is a polymer selected from the group consisting of a polysulfone, polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyamide and polyether sulfone.
9. A method according to claim 4, further comprising polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of a source of free radicals and the functionalized thin film composite polyamide membrane, resulting in the formation of polymer chains that are covalently bound to the thin film composite membrane.
10. A method according to claim 1 wherein the microporous substrate is a polymer selected from the group consisting of a polysulfone, polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyamide and polyether sulfone.
11. A method according to claim 4 wherein in the aromatic amine of formula (I) two of R10-R15 are \u2014NH2 in para or ortho position and the others are independently hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl;
in the aromatic acyl halide of formula (II)
3 of R16-R21 are a group \u2014C(O)Cl and the others are independently hydrogen or C1-C4alkyl;
wherein n is a number from 1 to 3;
wherein in formula (IIIa) and (IIIb)
Z1 in formula (IIIa) is C1-C18alkylene or phenylene;
R22 in formula (IIIa) is a homolytic leaving group selected from the group consisting of C1-C18alkyl, C2-C18alkenyl and C2-C18alkynyl;
Z2 in formula (IIIb) is hydrogen, chlorine, C1-C18alkyl, phenyl, C1-C18alkylthio, phenylthio or C7-C12phenylalkylthio; and
R23 in formula (IIIb) is C1-C18alkylene or phenylene;
wherein in formula (IVa) and (IVb)
X is Cl, Br or I;
R30 is C1-C18alkylene or phenylene; and
R31 and R32 are independently hydrogen, C1-C18alkyl, C3-C8cycloalkyl, C3-C8cycloalkenyl or phenyl;
and
wherein the NMRP control agent is of formula (Vc)
wherein
D is a group
R\u2032 is H or CH3;
m is 1, 2 or 3;
Y and Y\u2032 are independently C1-C12alkyl, C3-C12alkenyl, C3-C12alkinyl, C5-C8cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphthyl or C7-C9-phenylalkyl; or
Y and Y\u2032 together form one of the bivalent groups \u2014C(R\u20321)(R\u20322)\u2014CH(R\u20323)\u2014, CH(R\u20321)\u2014CH2\u2014C(R\u20322)(R\u20323)\u2014, \u2014CH(R\u20322)\u2014CH2\u2014C(R\u20321)(R\u20323)\u2014, \u2014CH2\u2014C(R\u20321)(R\u20322)\u2014CH(R\u20323)\u2014, o-phenylene, 1,2-cyclohexyliden, \u2014CH2\u2014CH\u2550CH\u2014CH2\u2014 or
wherein
R\u20321 is hydrogen, C1-C12alkyl, COOH, COO\u2014(C1-C12)alkyl or CH2OR\u20324;
R\u20322 and R\u20323 are independently hydrogen, methyl ethyl, COOH or COO\u2014(C1-C12)alkyl; and
R\u20324is hydrogen, C1-C12alkyl, benzyl or a monovalent acyl residue derived from an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic monocarboxylic acid having up to 18 carbon atoms.
12. A method according to claim 11 comprising carrying out the polycondensation reaction in the presence of the NMRP control agent of formula (Vc) wherein Y and Y\u2032 together form one of the bivalent groups
\u2014C(R\u20321)(R\u20322)\u2014CH(R\u20323)\u2014, CH(R\u20321)\u2014CH2\u2014C(R\u20322)(R\u20323)\u2014, \u2014CH(R\u20322)\u2014CH2\u2014C(R\u20321)(R\u20323)\u2014, \u2014CH2\u2014C(R\u20321)(R\u20322)\u2014CH(R\u20323)\u2014, o-phenylene, 1,2-cyclohexyliden, \u2014CH2\u2014CH\u2550CH\u2014CH2\u2014 or
wherein
R\u20321 is hydrogen, C1-C12alkyl, COOH, COO\u2014(C1-C12)alkyl or CH2OR\u20324;
R\u20322 and R\u20323 are independently hydrogen, methyl ethyl, COOH or COO\u2014(C1-C12)alkyl; and
R\u20324 is hydrogen, C1-C12alkyl, benzyl or a monovalent acyl residue derived from an aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic monocarboxylic acid having up to 18 carbon atoms.
13. A method according to claim 1 wherein the weight ratio between the aromatic acyl halide with at least 3 \u2014C(O)Cl groups; and
b1) a RAFT control agent or
b2) an ATRP control agent or
b3) a NMRP control agent having a glycidyl functionality is from 50:1 to 1:5.
14. A method according to claim 1, further comprising polymerizing an ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of a source of free radicals and the functionalized thin film composite polyamide membrane, resulting in the formation of polymer chains that are covalently bound to the thin film composite membrane.
15. A method according to claim 14 wherein the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, substituted styrene, conjugated dienes, acrolein, vinyl acetate, (alkyl)acrylic acidanhydrides, (alkyl)acrylic acid salts, (alkyl)acrylic esters and (alkyl)acrylamides.
16. A method according to claim 14 wherein the source of free radicals is UV-light together with a photoinitiator, \u03b3-radiation, electron beam radiation, a redox pair or heat together with a thermal initiator.
17. A method according to claim 14 wherein the weight ratio of functionalized thin film composite polyamide membrane to ethylenically unsaturated monomer is from 10:1 to 1:10.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A method comprising:
controlling, at least in part, by a first device, whether a first signal line of a second device is coupled to a bus and whether a second signal line of a third device is coupled to the bus; and
after the first and second signal lines are coupled to the bus, supplying from the first device to the second and third devices, via the first and second signal lines, one or more signals that, after being received by the second and third devices, permit, at least in part, at least one of control and configuration by the first device of the second and third devices.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the one or more signal comprise Initialization Device Select (IDSEL) signals.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
coupling the first device to a bus interface; and
supplying via the interface at least one signal that controls, at least in part, whether at least one signal line of the second device is coupled to a fourth device.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein:
the at least one signal line comprises at least one interrupt signal line of the second device; and
the fourth device comprises an interrupt controller.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
coupling the third device to a bus interface; and
supplying from the interface at least one signal that controls, at least in part, whether at least one signal line of the third device is coupled to a fourth device.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein:
the at least one signal line comprises at least one interrupt signal line; and
the fourth device comprises an interrupt controller.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein:
the at least one signal also controls, at least in part, whether the second signal line is coupled to the bus.
8. An apparatus comprising:
a first device to control, at least in part, whether a first signal line of a second device is coupled to a bus, to control, at least in part, whether a second signal line of a third device is coupled to the bus, and after the first and second signal lines are coupled to the bus, to supply to the second and third devices, via the first and second signal lines, one or more signals that, after being received by the second and third devices, permit, at least in part, at least one of control and configuration by the first device of the second and third devices.
9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein:
the one or more signals comprise Initialization Device Select (IDSEL) signals.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein:
the first device is capable of being coupled to a bus interface that is capable of supplying at least one signal that controls, at least in part, whether at least one signal line of the second device is coupled to a fourth device.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein:
the at least one signal line comprises at least one interrupt signal line of the second device; and
the fourth device comprises an interrupt controller.
12. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein:
the third device is capable of being coupled to a bus interface; and
when the third device is coupled to the interface, the interface is capable of supplying at least one signal that controls, at least in part, whether at least one signal line of the third device is coupled to a fourth device.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein:
the at least one signal line comprises at least one interrupt signal line; and
the fourth device comprises an interrupt controller.
14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein:
the at least one signal also controls, at least in part, whether the second signal line is coupled to the bus.
15. An article comprising:
a storage medium having stored thereon instructions that when executed by a machine result in the following:
controlling, at least in part, by a first device, whether a first signal line of a second device is coupled to a bus, and whether a second signal line of a third device is coupled to the bus; and
after the first and second signal lines are coupled to the bus, supplying from the first device to the second and third devices, via the first and second signal lines, one or more signals that, after being received by the second and third devices, permit, at least in part, at least one of control and configuration by the first device of the second and third devices.
16. The article of claim 15, wherein:
the one or more signals comprise Initialization Device Select (IDSEL) signals.
17. A system comprising:
a circuit board including a bus, a first bus interface, a second bus interface, and at least one inputoutput (IO) device; and
a first device and a second device capable of being coupled to the bus via the first interface and the second interface, respectively, and when the first device and the second device are coupled to the bus via the first interface and the second interfaces, the first device is capable of controlling, at least in part, whether a first signal line of the second device is coupled to the bus and whether a second signal line of the at least one IO device is coupled to the bus, and after the first and second signal lines are coupled to the bus, the first device is also capable of supplying to the second device and to the at least one IO device, via the first and second signal lines, one or more signals that, after being received by the second device and by the at least one IO device, permit, at least in part, at least one of control and configuration by the first device of the second device and the at least one IO device.
18. The system of claim 17, wherein:
the at least one IO device comprises at least one of a data storage controller, a network data communication controller, and a server management controller; and
the first device comprises an IO processor.
19. The system of claim 17, wherein:
the second device comprises at least one of a data storage controller, network data communication controller, and a server management controller.
20. The system of claim 17, wherein:
the circuit board also includes a modular redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID) on motherboard (MROMB) mechanism coupled to the second interface.
21. The system of claim 17, wherein:
the circuitry board also includes a modular redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID) on motherboard (MROMB) mechanism coupled to the at least one IO device.
22. The system of claim 17, wherein:
the first device comprises a first circuit card;
the second device comprises a second circuit card;
the first interface comprises a first circuit card slot that is capable of receiving the first circuit card; and
the second interface comprises a second circuit card slot that is capable of receiving the second circuit card.
23. The system of claim 17, wherein:
the circuit board also includes an interrupt controller and a jumper to select a control signal to be supplied to a modular redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID) on motherboard (MROMB) mechanism, and the control signal controls, at least in part, whether an interrupt signal line from the second interface is coupled to the interrupt controller.
24. The system of claim 23, wherein:
the control signal also controls whether the first signal line is coupled to the bus.
25. The system of claim 17, wherein:
the first and second signal lines are Initialization Device Select (IDSEL) signal lines.
26. A circuit board comprising:
a first interface to receive and couple a first device to a bus;
a second interface to receive and couple a second device to the bus;
at least one inputoutput (IO) device; and
a modular redundant array of inexpensive disks (RAID) on motherboard (MROMB) mechanism coupled to the first interface, the second interface, and the at least one IO device, the MROMB mechanism being capable of receiving a first control signal from the first interface that is capable of controlling, at least in part, whether first signal line of the second interface and a second signal line of the at least one IO device are coupled to the bus.
27. The circuit board of claim 26, wherein:
the MROMB mechanism is also capable of receiving a second control signal from the first interface that is capable of controlling, at least in part, whether one or more interrupt signal lines of the at least one IO device are coupled to an interrupt controller.
28. The circuit board of claim 26, further comprising:
a jumper to select a second control signal that is capable of controlling, at least in part, whether an interrupt signal line of second interface is coupled to an interrupt controller.
29. The circuit board of claim 28, wherein:
the second control signal is also capable of controlling, at least in part, whether the first signal line is coupled to the bus.
30. The circuit board of claim 26, wherein:
the first and second signal lines are Initialization Device Select (IDSEL) signal lines.