1. A method for producing a microstructure, comprising:
the first step of forming a supporting layer on a base substrate including a silicon substrate provided with a recessed section at a first surface thereof and a metal structure filling the recessed section so as to come in contact with the metal structure at the first surface;
the second step of forming a structure including the metal structure and the supporting layer by selectively etching the silicon substrate to expose from the silicon substrate at least a surface of the metal structure, the surface being opposite to a surface thereof in contact with the supporting layer and being in contact with a bottom face of the recessed section; and
the third step of selectively etching the supporting layer of the structure formed in the second step.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the etching performed in the second step is wet etching using an etchant, and the etching performed in the third step is dry etching or wet etching using an etchant less foamable than the etchant used in the second step.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the etching on the silicon substrate in the second step is performed from a second surface of the silicon substrate opposite the first surface.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the etching on the supporting layer in the third step acts at least on the contact area of the supporting layer with the metal structure, thereby separating the metal structure from the supporting layer.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the etching on the supporting layer is performed by dissolving the supporting layer in an etchant.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal structure has a plurality of recessed sections therein, the recessed sections being in a two-dimensional arrangement or a one-dimensional arrangement.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein at least half the height of the metal structure is exposed from the silicon substrate by the etching on the silicon substrate in the second step.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the etching on the silicon substrate in the second step acts on the contact area of the silicon substrate with the supporting layer.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal structure contains gold.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the metal structure is made of gold or an alloy containing gold.
11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the supporting layer contains a metal selected from the group consisting of copper, nickel, iron, and alloys thereof.
12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the supporting layer is formed by plating.
13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the etching on the silicon substrate in the second step is wet etching using an alkaline aqueous solution.
14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the etching on the supporting layer in the second step is wet etching using an etchant containing a metal cation, the etching being performed such that the metal cation oxidizes the supporting layer and is thereby reduced.
15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal structure is an X-ray shield grating.
16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the X-ray shield grating is used in an X-ray Talbot interferometer, the shield grating having a period in the range of 2.4 \u03bcm to 12 \u03bcm, and a thickness of 10 \u03bcm or more.
17. The method according to claim 1, the surface of the metal structure in contact with the bottom face of the recessed section is opposite to the surface thereof in contact with the supporting layer.
18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the etching performed in the second step is wet etching using an etchant, and the etching performed in the third step is dry etching or wet etching using an etchant less foamable than the etchant used in the second step.
19. The method according to claim 17, wherein the metal structure has a plurality of recessed sections therein, the recessed sections being in a two-dimensional arrangement or a one-dimensional arrangement.
20. A method for producing a microstructure, comprising:
the first step of forming a recessed section at a first surface of a silicon substrate;
the second step of filling the recessed section with a metal to form a base substrate including the silicon substrate and a metal structure;
the third step of forming a supporting layer on the base substrate including the silicon substrate and the metal structure so as to come in contact with the metal structure at the first surface; and
the fourth step of forming a structure including the metal structure and the supporting layer by selectively etching the silicon substrate to expose from the silicon substrate at least a surface of the metal structure, the surface being opposite to a surface thereof in contact with the supporting layer and being in contact with a bottom face of the recessed section; and
the fifth step of selectively etching the supporting layer of the structure formed in the fourth step.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A burner membrane comprising a textile fabric, said textile fabric comprising at least 60% by weight of machined metal fiber bundles, wherein a machined metal fiber bundle has a bundle voluminousity in the range of 1 to 15% and a machined metal fiber bundle has a torsion rate in the range of 10 to 80 turnsm.
2. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said textile fabric has a fabric voluminousity in the range of 1 to 15%.
3. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said machined metal fiber bundle has a linear weight in the range of 500 to 10000 tex.
4. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said textile fabric has a covering ratio of more than 70%.
5. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said textile fabric has an air permeability of more than 1000 ldm2min.
6. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said textile fabric has a thickness in the range of 1 to 5 mm.
7. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said textile fabric has a surface weight in the range of 0.2 to 4 kgm2.
8. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said machined metal fiber bundles are stainless steel fibers.
9. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said machined metal fiber bundles are provided using an alloy comprising chromium, aluminum andor nickel, with 0.05 to 0.3% by weight of yttrium, cerium, lanthanum or titanium, and further comprising a balance of iron.
10. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said machined metal fibers have an equivalent diameter of 15 to 150 \u03bcm.
11. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said machined metal fibers have an average length of more than 10 cm.
12. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said textile fabric is a woven fabric.
13. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said textile fabric is a braided fabric.
14. A burner membrane as in claim 1, wherein said textile fabric is a knitted fabric.
15. A burner membrane as in claim 14, wherein said knitted fabric is a weft knitted fabric.
16. A burner membrane as in claim 14, wherein said knitted fabric is a warp knitted fabric.