What is claimed is:
1. A method of forming an electronic device in a semiconductor layer, comprising:
forming an inner mask layer defining an active region on the outer surface of the semiconductor layer;
implanting a first channel stop region into the semiconductor layer on the periphery of the inner mask layer;
forming an outer mask layer covering the inner mask layer and portions of the outer surface of the semiconductor layer around the periphery of the inner mask layer, the portions of the semiconductor layer covered by the outer mask layer and not by the inner mask layer defining an extension zone;
implanting a second channel stop region in the semiconductor layer around the periphery of the outer mask layer;
removing the inner and outer mask layers; and
forming an electronic device in the active region, the electronic device comprising implanted regions at the periphery of the active region, the implanted regions of the electronic device separated from the second channel stop region by at least the extension zone.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the first channel stop region comprises a n-type channel stop region and the second channel stop region comprises a p-type channel stop region.
3. The method of claim 1 and further comprising:
forming a field oxide layer proximate the first and second channel stop regions prior to removing the inner mask layer but after removing the outer mask layer.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the electronic device comprises a field effect transistor and wherein the implanted region of the device at the periphery of the active region comprise a source or drain of the field effect transistor.
5. The method of claim 1 wherein the inner mask layer comprises silicon nitride.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein the outer mask layer comprises photoresist.
7. A method of forming an electronic device in a semiconductor layer, comprising:
forming an inner mask layer defining an active region on the outer surface of the semiconductor layer;
implanting a first channel stop region into the semiconductor layer on the periphery of the inner mask layer;
forming an outer mask layer covering the inner mask layer and portions of the outer surface of the semiconductor layer around the periphery of the inner mask layer, the portions of the semiconductor layer covered by the outer mask layer and not by the inner mask layer defining an extension zone;
implanting a second channel stop region in the semiconductor layer around the periphery of the outer mask layer;
removing the inner and outer mask layers;
forming an electronic device in the active region, the electronic device comprising implanted regions at the periphery of the active region, the implanted regions of the electronic device separated from the second channel stop region by at least the extension zone; and
forming a field oxide layer proximate the first and the second channel stop regions prior to removing the inner mask layer but after removing the outer mask layer.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein the electronic device comprises a field effect transistor and wherein the implanted region of the device at the periphery of the active region comprise a source or drain of the field effect transistor.
9. The method of claim 7 wherein the inner mask layer comprises silicon nitride and the outer mask layer comprises photoresist.
10. An electronic system formed in a semiconductor layer, comprising:
a field effect transistor disposed in an active region of the outer surface of the semiconductor layer, the transistor comprising implanted regions proximate the periphery of the active region;
a field oxide layer on the outer surface of the semiconductor layer abutting the periphery of at least a portion of the active region; and
a channel stop implant region disposed in the semiconductor layer inwardly from portions of the field oxide layer and spaced apart from the periphery of the active region by an extension zone, the extension zone operable to inhibit the electrical interaction of the peripheral implanted regions of the transistor and the channel stop implant region.
11. The electronic system of claim 10 wherein the channel stop implant region comprises a first channel stop implant region and further comprising a second channel stop implant region disposes in the semiconductor layer inwardly from the field oxide layer and disposed at least partly in the extension zone.
12. The electronic system of claim 11 wherein the second channel stop implant region comprises implanted p-type impurities and the first channel stop implant comprises implanted n-type impurities.
13. The electronic system of claim 11 wherein the second channel stop implant region comprises implanted p-type impurities and the first channel stop implant comprises implanted n-type impurities.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for authorization of usage of a payment device at a merchant, said payment device having an associated account number and being issued by an issuer coupled to a payment processing network, said method comprising the steps of:
facilitating obtaining said account number in connection with a putative transaction with a terminal of said merchant;
facilitating determining whether said account number is being utilized at said merchant for the first time, using an active file manager apparatus intermediate said terminal and said payment processing network;
responsive to said determining step indicating that said account number is being utilized at said merchant for the first time:
facilitating said issuer obtaining an authorization message, through said payment processing network, for said account number;
facilitating obtaining an issuer authorization decision;
approving said putative transaction, with said active file manager, without use of said issuer authorization decision;
responsive to said issuer authorization decision, facilitating setting a spending limit for said account number;
facilitating conducting subsequent putative transactions for said account number;
facilitating determining that a parameter associated with said account number is reaching a predetermined relationship with said spending limit; and
responsive to said determining that said parameter is reaching said predetermined relationship, facilitating obtaining a new issuer authorization decision to adjust a spendable balance associated with said account number.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
said authorization message is based on desired spending limit parameters established by at least one of said merchant and said issuer; and
said spending limit for said account number is set based on at least an appropriate one of said parameters.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said authorization message comprises a standard payment processing network authorization message.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein said spending limit is based at least on said appropriate one of said parameters, less a value of said transaction.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein:
said active file manager is operated by an acquiring entity;
said issuer is connected to said acquiring entity via said payment processing network; and
said active file manager is interposed between said acquiring entity and said payment processing network.
6. The method of claim 2, further comprising the additional step of facilitating inclusion of said transactions in a data warehouse, for subsequent usage by said issuer of said device.
7. The method of claim 2, further comprising the additional steps of:
facilitating approval of given ones of said subsequent putative transactions, where appropriate, by said active file manager;
determining that an account associated with said account number does not exhibit a limiting condition; and
performing a spendable balance adjustment.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising the additional step of facilitating sending of a response to an acquiring entity associated with said transaction, substantially in parallel with said approval of said given ones of said subsequent putative transactions.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein:
said putative transaction and said subsequent putative transactions comprise attempts to enter a transit system;
said merchant comprises an operator of said transit system;
said spending limit is based upon a periodic activity limit for said transit system; and
said limiting condition comprises at least one of exceeding said spending limit and said account number being blocked.
10. An active file manager apparatus for authorization of usage of a payment device at a merchant, the payment device having an associated account number and being issued by an issuer coupled to a payment processing network, said apparatus comprising:
a memory; and
at least one processor coupled to said memory, said processor being operative to:
facilitate obtaining said account number in connection with a putative transaction with a terminal of said merchant, said active file manager apparatus being intermediate said terminal and said payment processing network;
facilitate determining whether said account number is being utilized at said merchant for the first time;
responsive to said determining step indicating that said account number is being utilized at said merchant for the first time:
facilitate said issuer obtaining an authorization message, through said payment processing network, for the account number;
facilitate obtaining an issuer authorization decision; and
approve said putative transaction, without use of said issuer authorization decision;
responsive to said issuer authorization decision, facilitate setting a spending limit for the account number;
facilitate conducting subsequent putative transactions for said account number;
facilitate determining that a parameter associated with said account number is reaching a predetermined relationship with said spending limit; and
responsive to said determining that said parameter is reaching said predetermined relationship, facilitate obtaining a new issuer authorization decision to adjust a spendable balance associated with said account number.
11. The active file manager apparatus of claim 10, wherein:
said authorization message is based on desired spending limit parameters established by at least one of the merchant and the issuer; and
said spending limit for said account number is set based on at least an appropriate one of said parameters.
12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said authorization message comprises a standard payment processing network authorization message.
13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said spending limit is based at least on said appropriate one of said parameters, less a value of said transaction.
14. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein said memory stores an active file, said active file comprising the account number, a limit parameter, a last authorization date, a number of transactions since authorization, and an authorization frequency.
15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein said memory further stores an account range file, said account range file comprising a low range, a high range, a transaction allowability indicating parameter, and an authorization frequency.
16. The active file manager apparatus of claim 11, wherein said at least one processor is further operative to:
facilitate approval of given ones of said subsequent putative transactions, where appropriate;
determine that an account associated with said account number does not exhibit a limiting condition; and
perform a spendable balance adjustment.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein:
said active file manager apparatus is operated by an acquiring entity;
the issuer is connected to the acquiring entity via said payment processing network; and
said active file manager is configured to be interposed between the acquiring entity and the payment processing network.
18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein said memory stores an active file with account numbers including said associated account number and said processor is further operative to:
receive a nightly refresh file from a payment processing network operator based on information from the issuer; and
delete those of said account numbers in said active file that have not been used within a predetermined time period.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein given ones of said account numbers are on a stop list, and wherein said processor is further operative to periodically request authorization for those of said account numbers previously found on said stop list to determine whether said account numbers have been unblocked by the issuer.
20. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein said processor is further operative to facilitate inclusion of said transactions in a data warehouse, for subsequent usage by said issuer of said device.
21. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein said processor is further operative to facilitate sending of a response to an acquiring entity associated with said transaction, substantially in parallel with said approval of said given ones of said subsequent putative transactions.
22. The active file manager apparatus of claim 16, wherein:
said putative transaction and said subsequent putative transactions comprise attempts to enter a transit system;
the merchant comprises an operator of the transit system;
said spending limit is based upon a periodic activity limit for the transit system; and
said limiting condition comprises at least one of exceeding said spending limit and said account number being blocked.
23. A computer program product comprising a tangible computer readable recordable storage medium including computer usable program code for authorization of usage of a payment device at a merchant, said payment device having an associated account number and being issued by an issuer coupled to a payment processing network, said computer program product including:
computer usable program code for facilitating obtaining said account number in connection with a putative transaction with a terminal of said merchant;
computer usable program code for facilitating determining whether said account number is being utilized at said merchant for the first time, using an active file manager apparatus intermediate said terminal and said payment processing network;
computer usable program code for, responsive to said determining step indicating that said account number is being utilized at said merchant for the first time:
facilitating an issuer of the device obtaining an authorization message for said account number;
facilitating obtaining an issuer authorization decision;
approving said putative transaction, with said active file manager, without use of said issuer authorization decision;
responsive to said issuer authorization decision, facilitating setting a spending limit for said account number;
computer usable program code for facilitating conducting subsequent putative transactions for said account number;
computer usable program code for facilitating determining that a parameter associated with said account number is reaching a predetermined relationship with said spending limit; and
computer usable program code for, responsive to said determining that said parameter is reaching said predetermined relationship, facilitating obtaining a new issuer authorization decision to adjust a spendable balance associated with said account number.
24. The computer program product of claim 23, wherein:
said authorization message is based on desired spending limit parameters established by at least one of the merchant and the issuer; and
said spending limit for said account number is set based on at least an appropriate one of said parameters.
25. The computer program product of claim 24, wherein said authorization message comprises a standard payment processing network authorization message.
26. The computer program product of claim 24, wherein said spending limit is based at least on said appropriate one of said parameters, less a value of said transaction.
27. The computer program product of claim 24, said product being configured to operate in circumstances wherein:
said active file manager is operated by an acquiring entity;
said issuer is connected to said acquiring entity via said payment processing network; and
said active file manager is interposed between said acquiring entity and said payment processing network.
28. The computer program product of claim 24, further comprising computer usable program code for facilitating inclusion of said transactions in a data warehouse, for subsequent usage by said issuer of said device.
29. The computer program product of claim 24, further comprising:
computer usable program code for facilitating approval of given ones of said subsequent putative transactions, where appropriate;
computer usable program code for determining that an account associated with said account number does not exhibit a limiting condition; and
computer usable program code for performing a spendable balance adjustment.
30. The computer program product of claim 29, further comprising computer usable program code for facilitating sending of a response to an acquiring entity associated with said transaction, substantially in parallel with said approval of said given ones of said subsequent putative transactions.
31. The computer program product of claim 29, wherein:
said putative transaction and said subsequent putative transactions comprise attempts to enter a transit system;
the merchant comprises an operator of the transit system;
said spending limit is based upon a periodic activity limit for the transit system; and
said limiting condition comprises at least one of exceeding said spending limit and said account number being blocked.