1. A liquid crystal display screen, comprising:
an upper board comprising a touch panel;
the touch panel comprises a plurality of transparent electrodes, at least one of the plurality of transparent electrodes comprises a transparent carbon nanotube structure,
the transparent carbon nanotube structure comprising a plurality of metallic carbon nanotubes;
a lower board comprising a thin film transistor panel; and
a liquid crystal layer located between the upper board and the lower board.
2. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises one or more carbon nanotube films.
3. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 2, wherein the carbon nanotube structure has a thickness of about 0.5 nm to about 100 \u03bcm.
4. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 2, wherein the carbon nanotube films are adjacent to each other or stacked on each other.
5. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 2, wherein the carbon nanotube film comprises a disordered carbon nanotube film.
6. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 5, wherein the carbon nanotubes of the disordered carbon nanotube film are entangled with each other.
7. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 2, wherein the carbon nanotube film comprises an ordered carbon nanotube film.
8. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 7, wherein the ordered carbon nanotube film comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes joined end to end via van der Waals.
9. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotube structure comprises at least two carbon nanotube films stacked on each other, an angle is formed between the carbon nanotubes of two adjacent carbon nanotube films, the angle is in the range about 0 degree to about 90 degrees.
10. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotubes of the carbon nanotube structure are selected from the group consisting of single walled carbon nanotubes, double walled carbon nanotubes, and multi walled carbon nanotubes, the single walled carbon nanotubes have diameters of about 0.5 nm to about 50 nm, the double walled carbon nanotubes have diameters of about 1.0 nm to about 50 nm, the multi walled carbon nanotubes have diameters of about 1.5 \u03bcm to about 50 nm.
11. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotube structure is a composite layer comprising at least one carbon nanotube film and a polymer material infiltrated in the carbon nanotube film.
12. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 11, wherein the polymer comprises of a material that is selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate (PC), polymethyl methacrylate acrylic (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), benzocyclobutenes (BCB), polystyrene, polyethylene, polycarbonate, and polycycloolefins.
13. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 1, wherein the transparent electrodes comprises of a plurality of first transparent electrodes and a plurality of second transparent electrodes, the touch panel further comprises:
a first electrode plate comprising:
a first substrate, the plurality of first transparent electrodes spaced from each other and disposed on the first substrate and aligned along a first direction, and
a plurality of first signal wires, each of the first transparent electrodes is connected to one of the first transparent electrodes;
a second electrode plate, spaced from the first electrode plate comprising:
a second substrate, the plurality of second transparent electrodes spaced from each other, and disposed on the second substrate and aligned along a second direction; and
a plurality of second signal wires, and each of the second transparent electrodes is connected to one of the second transparent electrodes;
an insulating layer disposed the periphery of the second electrode plate and interposed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate; and
a plurality of dot spacers disposed between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate.
14. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 13, wherein the first transparent electrodes are aligned along a first direction, the second transparent electrodes are aligned along a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.
15. The liquid display screen of claim 13, wherein each of the first transparent electrodes and the second transparent electrodes are made of metallic carbon nanotubes.
16. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 13, wherein the plurality of the first transparent electrodes and the plurality of the second transparent electrodes are uniformly arranged, the first and second transparent electrodes have strip-shaped structures and have width of about 20 \u03bcm to about 250 \u03bcm, the first and second transparent electrodes have thickness of about 0.5 nm to about 100 \u03bcm, the first and second transparent electrodes have a distance therebetween of about 20 \u03bcm to about 50 \u03bcm.
17. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 13, wherein the plurality of the first transparent electrodes each has a first end and a second end, the first end is electrically connected to the X-coordinates driving source via the first signal wire, the second end is electrically connected to a sensor via the first signal wire; the plurality of the second transparent electrodes each has a first end and a second end, the first end of the second transparent electrodes is electrically connected to the Y-coordinates driving source via the second signal wire, the second end of the second transparent electrodes is grounded.
18. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 13, wherein the plurality of the first signal wires are parallel to each other, the plurality of the second signal wires are parallel to each other, the first and second signal wires comprise of a material selected from a group consisting of indium tin oxide, antimony tin oxide, conductive resin, carbon nanotubes, and combinations thereof.
19. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 1, wherein the upper board further comprises a first polarizing layer and a first alignment layer, the first polarizing layer is disposed directly on a lower surface of the second substrate of the touch panel, the first alignment layer is disposed on a lower surface of the first polarizing layer.
20. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 18, wherein the first polarizing layer comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes arranged along a preferred orientation.
21. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 18, wherein the first polarizing layer has a thickness of about 1 \u03bcm to about 0.5 mm.
22. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 1, wherein the thin film transistor panel further comprises:
a third substrate;
a display driving circuit;
a plurality of thin film transistors disposed the third substrate and electrically connected to the display driving circuit; and
a plurality of pixel electrodes, one of pixel electrodes being electrically connected to each of the thin film transistors.
23. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 1, wherein the lower board further comprises a second alignment layer and a second polarizing layer, the second polarizing layer is disposed on a lower surface of the thin film transistor panel, the second alignment layer is disposed on an upper surface of the thin film transistor panel and adjacent to the liquid crystal layer.
24. The liquid crystal display screen of claim 1, wherein the lower board further comprises a carbon nanotube layer configured for both polarizing light and aligning liquid crystals, wherein the carbon nanotube layer comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes substantially arranged along a primary direction.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method comprising:
establishing a trajectory through the skull into the brain to a target,
drilling a hole in the skull using a drill,
verifying the trajectory of the drilled hole during drilling using image guidance provided by a probe received by the drill, and
placing an access member in the drilled hole using the drill,
verifying the trajectory of the access member during placement using a probe received by the drill.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the drill defines a lumen.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the probe is received in the lumen defined by the drill.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising placing a medical device in a lumen defined by the access member.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising securing the medical device in the access member.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the medical device is selected from a group consisting of a ventriculostomy catheter, convention therapy catheter, epilepsy depth electrode, thermocoagulation probe, lesioning probe, stereotactic needle and ablative probe.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the probe is tracked by navigation software.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein said navigation software tracks the probe relative to images of a patient’s body.