1. 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate solvate.
2. 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate anhydrate.
3. The compound of claim 2 in its crystalline modification A1, which is characterized by XRD peaks comprising 3.2\xb0, 6.5\xb0, 9.8\xb0, and 13.1\xb0 2\u03b8 (all \xb10.1\xb0 2\u03b8, using Cu-K\u03b11 radiation).
4. The compound of claim 2 in its crystalline modification A1, which is characterized by XRD peaks comprising 18.4\xb0, 18.8\xb0, 23.7\xb0, 24.2\xb0, 26.4\xb0, and 28.2\xb0 2\u03b8 (all \xb10.1\xb0 2\u03b8, using Cu-K\u03b11 radiation).
5. The compound of claim 2 in its crystalline modification A1, which is characterized by XRD peaks comprising 14.4\xb0, 15.8\xb0, 17.5\xb0, 19.5\xb0, and 21.9\xb0 2\u03b8 (all \xb10.1\xb0 2\u03b8, using Cu-K\u03b11 radiation).
6. The compound of claim 2 in its crystalline modification A1, which is characterized by the following XRD data:
Form A1:
\xb02\u03b8 (Cu\u2014K\u03b11
Peak No.
d\u212b
radiation) \xb1 0.1\xb0
1
27.45
3.2
2
13.62
6.5
3
9.02
9.8
4
6.75
13.1
5
6.15
14.4
6
5.59
15.8
7
5.07
17.5
8
4.81
18.4
9
4.72
18.8
10
4.55
19.5
11
4.06
21.9
12
3.75
23.7
13
3.68
24.2
14
3.37
26.4
15
3.16
28.2.
7. 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate dihydrate.
8. The compound of claim 7 in its crystalline modification H1, which is characterized by XRD peaks comprising 3.1\xb0, 9.4\xb0, and 18.8\xb0 2\u03b8 (all \xb10.1\xb0 2\u03b8, using Cu-K\u03b11 radiation).
9. The compound of claim 7 in its crystalline modification H1, which is characterized by XRD peaks comprising 19.1\xb0, 22.8\xb0, and 26.4\xb0 2\u03b8 (all \xb10.1\xb0 2\u03b8, using Cu-K\u03b11 radiation).
10. The compound of claim 7 in its crystalline modification H1, which is characterized by XRD peaks comprising 14.4\xb0, 15.0\xb0, and 17.8\xb0 2\u03b8 (all \xb10.1\xb0 2\u03b8, using Cu-K\u03b11 radiation).
11. The compound of claim 7 in its crystalline modification H1, which is characterized by XRD peaks comprising 14.7\xb0, 18.6\xb0, 23.2\xb0, 23.8\xb0, 26.8\xb0, and 27.6\xb0 2\u03b8 (all \xb10.1\xb0 2\u03b8, using Cu-K\u03b11 radiation).
12. The compound of claim 7 in its crystalline modification H1, which is characterized by the following XRD data:
Form H1:
\xb02\u03b8 (Cu\u2014K\u03b11
Peak No.
d\u212b
radiation) \xb1 0.1\xb0
1
28.42
3.1
2
9.40
9.4
3
6.13
14.4
4
6.01
14.7
5
5.89
15.0
6
4.97
17.8
7
4.77
18.6
8
4.71
18.8
9
4.64
19.1
10
3.89
22.8
11
3.83
23.2
12
3.73
23.8
13
3.38
26.4
14
3.33
26.8
15
3.22
27.6.
13. 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate in its crystalline modification NF3, which is characterized by XRD peaks comprising 15.3\xb0, 16.7\xb0, 21.6\xb0, and 23.1\xb0 2\u03b8 (all \xb10.1\xb0 2\u03b8, using Cu-K\u03b11 radiation).
14. The compound of claim 13 in its crystalline modification NF3, which is characterized by the following XRD data:
Form NF3:
\xb02\u03b8 (Cu\u2014K\u03b11
Peak No.
d\u212b
radiation) \xb1 0.1\xb0
1
27.30
3.2
2
13.62
6.5
3
9.02
9.8
4
6.71
13.2
5
6.11
14.5
6
5.79
15.3
7
5.57
15.9
9
5.32
16.7
9
5.05
17.5
10\u2002
4.81
18.4
11\u2002
4.58
19.4
12\u2002
4.12
21.6
13\u2002
4.04
22.0
14\u2002
3.84
23.1
15\u2002
3.75
23.7
16\u2002
3.69
24.1
17\u2002
3.37
26.4
\xe418\u2003
3.16
28.3.
15. 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate hydrate.
16. The compound of claim 15 in its crystalline modification NF5, which is characterized by XRD peaks comprising 13.9\xb0, 15.7\xb0, 16.6\xb0, 17.3\xb0, 19.8\xb0, and 22.1\xb0 2\u03b8 (all \xb10.1\xb0 2\u03b8, using Cu-K\u03b11 radiation).
17. The compound of claim 15 in its crystalline modification NF5, which is characterized by the following XRD data:
Form NF5:
\xb02\u03b8 (Cu\u2014K\u03b11
Peak No.
d\u212b
radiation) \xb1 0.1\xb0
1
28.54
3.1
2
9.41
9.4
3
6.37
13.9
4
6.10
14.5
5
5.98
14.8
6
5.82
15.2
7
5.62
15.7
9
5.32
16.6
9
5.13
17.3
10
4.96
17.9
11
4.80
18.5
12
4.69
18.9
13
4.63
19.2
14
4.48
19.8
15
4.02
22.1
16
3.90
22.8
17
3.85
23.1
18
3.73
23.9
19
3.38
26.3
20
3.32
26.8
21
3.23
27.6.
18. A pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound according to claim 1 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
19. A pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound according to claim 2 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
20. A process for preparing crystalline modification A1 according to claim 3 comprising
(a) dissolving or dispersing 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one in free base form or one or more salts thereof in a solvent or a solvent mixture, optionally under stirring,
(b) converting 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one in free base form or one or more salts thereof into the corresponding dihydrogenphosphate salt by addition of aqueous or ethanolic phosphoric acid solution, optionally under stirring,
(c) stirring the resulting dispersion of (b) at room temperature for one or more hours or days,
(d) recovering precipitated 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate anhydrate by filtration, optionally subsequent washing with a solvent or a solvent mixture, and optionally subsequent drying, optionally in vacuo, optionally at elevated temperature T, of 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C.
21. A process for preparing crystalline modification A1 according to claim 3 comprising
(a) dispersing 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one in free base form or one or more salts thereof in a solvent or a solvent mixture and addition of aqueous phosphoric acid solution, optionally under stirring,
(b) heating the resulting dispersion of (a) up to elevated temperature T1, which is 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C., optionally under stirring, and cooling down the resulting solution, to 0\xb0 C. to 40\xb0 C., optionally under stirring, before diluting it with a solvent or a solvent mixture, optionally under stirring,
(c) stirring the resulting dispersion of (b) at 0\xb0 C. to 40\xb0 C., until crystallization is complete andor incubating it at room temperature for one or more hours or days, optionally under stirring,
(d) recovering precipitated 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate anhydrate by filtration, optionally cooling down the resulting dispersion of (c) to 0\xb0 C. to 20\xb0 C., prior to filtration optionally under stirring, optionally subsequent washing with a solvent or a solvent mixture, and optionally subsequent drying, optionally at elevated temperature T2, of 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C.,
(e) optionally, boiling the resulting dried crystals of (d) in a solvent or a solvent mixture, as dispersion, for one or more minutes, and recovering them by filtration from the hot dispersion.
22. A process for preparing crystalline modification A1 according to claim 3 comprising
(a) dispersing 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one in free base form or one or more salts thereof in a solvent mixture, and addition of aqueous phosphoric acid solution, optionally under stirring,
(b) heating the resulting dispersion of (a) up to elevated temperature T1, of 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C., optionally under stirring, and cooling down the resulting solution, optionally under stirring, with a defined cooling rate, of 0.1-1 Kmin, optionally under stirring, until crystallization sets in,
(c) further cooling the resulting dispersion of (b) to \u221220\xb0 C. to 0\xb0 C., optionally under stirring, with a defined cooling rate, of 0.1-1 Kmin, optionally under stirring,
(d) stirring the resulting dispersion of step (c) at \u221220\xb0 C. to 40\xb0 C., until crystallization is complete,
(e) recovering crystallized 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate anhydrate by filtration, optionally subsequent washing with a solvent or a solvent mixture, and optionally subsequent drying, optionally at elevated temperature T2, of from 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C.
23. A process for preparing crystalline modification H1 according to claim 8 comprising
(a) spreading 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate anhydrate crystalline modification A1 onto a bordered surface of a container, and subsequently incubating it in a sealed desiccator over water or an aqueous solvent mixture for one or more days or weeks.
24. A process for preparing crystalline modification H1 according to claim 10 comprising
(a) dispersing 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate anhydrate crystalline modification A1 in a mixture of two or more solvents, optionally under stirring, and stirring the resulting dispersion at elevated temperature T1, of 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C., for one or more days or weeks,
(b) recovering precipitated 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate dihydrate by filtration, optionally subsequent washing with a solvent or a solvent mixture, and optionally subsequent drying, optionally at elevated temperature T2, of 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C.
25. A process for preparing crystalline modification NF3 according to claim 13, comprising
(a) dispersing or dissolving 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate anhydrate crystalline modification A1 in a mixture of two or more solvents, optionally under stirring, and subsequently evaporating the mixture of two or more solvents at room temperature or elevated temperature T1, of 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C., until crystallization occurs,
(b) recovering precipitated 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate hydrate by filtration, optionally subsequent washing with a solvent or a solvent mixture, and optionally subsequent drying, optionally at elevated temperature T2, of 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C.
26. A process for preparing crystalline modification NF5 according to claim 16, comprising
(a) dissolving 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate anhydrate crystalline modification A1 into a binary solvent mixture, and evaporating the solvent mixture at elevated temperature, of 40-80\xb0 C., under vacuum until a precipitate is obtained,
(b) optionally further spreading the precipitate obtained from (a) as a powder onto a bordered surface of a container, and subsequently incubating it in a sealed desiccator over water or an aqueous salt solution with defined relative humidity (RH), of 80%-100% RH, for one or more days or weeks.
27. A process for preparing crystalline modification NF5 according to claim 16, comprising
(a) spreading 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate crystalline form NF3 as a powder onto a bordered surface of a container, and subsequently incubating in a sealed desiccator over water or an aqueous salt solution with defined relative humidity (RH), of 80-100% RH, for one or more days or weeks.
28. The solvate of claim 1 wherein the solvate is 6-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-{3-5-(2-morpholin-4-yl-ethoxy)-pyrimidin-2-yl-benzyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one dihydrogenphosphate hydrate.
29. The process of claim 20 wherein at least one of the following conditions are met: the solvent or a solvent mixture is 2-propanole or chloroform, or wherein the elevated temperature T is 70\xb0 C.
30. The process of claim 21 wherein at least one of the following conditions are met: the solvent or a solvent mixture of (a) is water, the solvent or a solvent mixture of (b) or (d) is acetone, the elevated temperature T1 is 50\xb0 C., the temperature of the solution after cooling down is 20\xb0 C., the temperature of the resulting dispersion of (b) is cooled to 10\xb0 C., the temperature of the solution after cooling down the resulting dispersion of (c) is 5\xb0 C., the drying of the precipitated compound of (d) is done in vacuo, the solvent or a solvent mixture in which the crystals of (d) are boiled in is ethanol, the elevated temperature T2 is 70\xb0 C., or wherein the one or more minutes that the crystals of (d) are boiled is 30 minutes.
31. The process of claim 22 wherein at least one of the following conditions are met: the elevated temperature T1 is 55\xb0 C., the temperature of the solution after cooling down is 0\xb0 C. to 50\xb0 C., the cooling rate of resulting dispersion of (a) is 0.1-0.3 Kmin, cooling the resulting dispersion of (b), temperature of the resulting dispersion of (b) is cooled to 10\xb0 C., cooling rate of the resulting dispersion of (b) is 0.1-0.3 Kmin, the stirring the resulting dispersion of (c) at \u221220\xb0 C. to 40\xb0 C. is at 10\xb0 C., the solvent or a solvent mixture of (e) is acetone, the drying of the precipitated compound of (d) is done in vacuo, or wherein the elevated temperature T2 of 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C. is 70\xb0 C.
32. The process of claim 23 wherein the container is a Petri dish.
33. The process of claim 24 wherein at least one of the following conditions are met: the mixture of two or more solvents is a binary mixture, the elevated temperature T1 of 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C. is 50\xb0 C., the drying of the precipitated compound is done in vacuo, or wherein the elevated temperature T2, of 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C. is 70\xb0 C.
34. The process of claim 25 wherein at least one of the following conditions are met: wherein the mixture of two or more solvents is a binary mixture, the solvents of the mixture of two or more solvents are selected from the group consisting of water, methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, acetone, TFH, acetonitrile and 1,4-dioxane; elevated temperature T1, of 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C. is 50\xb0 C., the drying of the precipitated compound is done in vacuo, or wherein the elevated temperature T2, of 30\xb0 C. to 95\xb0 C. is 70\xb0 C.
35. The process of claim 26 wherein at least one of the following conditions are met: the binary solvent mixture is water and methanol, the binary solvent mixture is in a ratio of 1:1, the elevated temperature, of 40\xb0 C. to 80\xb0 C. is 60\xb0 C., the container is a Petri dish, or wherein the relative humidity (RH), of 80%-100% is 90% to 100%.
36. The process of claim 27 wherein at least one of the following conditions are met: the container is a Petri dish, or wherein the relative humidity (RH), of 80%-100% is 90% to 100%.
37. A method for treating a condition, which is caused, mediated andor propagated by the inhibition of Met-kinase, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound according to claim 1.
38. A pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound according to claim 7 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
39. A pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound according to claim 13 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
40. A pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound according to claim 15 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A catalyst suitable for production of hydrogen, said catalyst comprising:
a. a primary transition metal selected from the group consisting of a Group VIII metal, a Group IB metal, cadmium and a combination thereof;
b. a transition metal promoter; and
c. a support material comprising cerium oxide,
wherein said transition metal and said promoter are combined with said support material to form said catalyst.
2. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said primary transition metal is present at a concentration of up to about 20 wt %.
3. The catalyst of claim 2 wherein said primary transition metal is selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, cadmium and a combination thereof.
4. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said promoter is present at a concentration of up to about 20 wt %.
5. The catalyst of claim 4 wherein said promoter is selected from the group consisting of lithium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, titanium, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, and a combination thereof.
6. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said support material comprises cerium oxide at a concentration of greater than about 10 wt %.
7. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said support material has a surface area of from about 10 m2g to about 200 m2g.
8. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said support material further includes an additive selected from the group consisting of gadolinium, samarium, zirconium, lithium, cesium, lanthanum, praseodymium, manganese, titanium, tungsten and a combination thereof.
9. The catalyst of claim 8 wherein said support material comprises said additive at a concentration of from about 0 wt % to about 90 wt %.
10. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said support material further includes zirconium.
11. The catalyst of claim 10 wherein said zirconium is present in said catalyst at a concentration of from about 0 wt % to about 90 wt %.
12. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said support material is a mixed cerium zirconium oxide.
13. The catalyst of claim 12 wherein said mixed cerium zirconium oxide comprises cerium at a higher weight percent than zirconium.
14. The catalyst of claim 12 wherein said cerium zirconium oxide has a surface area of from about 30 m2g to about 150 m2g.
15. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said primary transition metal is combined with said support material by subjecting a predetermined amount of said support material to a solvent containing a predetermined concentration of a first transition metal precursor, and evaporating said solvent to form a transition metal inclusive support.
16. The catalyst of claim 15 wherein said first transition metal precursor is a transition metal complex having at least one ligand and wherein said ligand is absent of sulfur, chlorine, sodium, bromine, and iodine.
17. The catalyst of claim 15 wherein said first transition metal precursor is a transition metal complex having ligands selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, quaternary amines, nitrates, nitrites, hydroxyl groups, carbonyls, carbonates, aqua ions, oxides, oxylates, and combinations thereof.
18. The catalyst of claim 15 wherein said first transition metal precursor is selected from the group consisting of platinum tetra-amine hydroxide, platinum tetra-amine nitrate, platinum di-amine nitrate, platinum oxalate, platinum nitrate and a combination thereof.
19. The catalyst of claim 15 wherein said transition metal inclusive support is calcined.
20. The catalyst of claim 15 wherein said promoter is combined with said transition metal inclusive support by subjecting a predetermined amount of said transition metal inclusive support to a solvent containing a predetermined concentration of said a second transition metal precursor, and evaporating said solvent to form said catalyst.
21. The catalyst of claim 20 wherein said second transition metal precursor is a transition metal complex having at least one ligand and wherein said ligand is absent of sulfur, chlorine, sodium, bromine, and iodine.
22. The catalyst of claim 20 wherein said second transition metal precursor is selected from the group consisting of ammonium perrhenate, a rhenium oxide complex, ReO2, ReO3 or Re2O7.
23. The catalyst of claim 20 wherein said catalyst is calcined.
24. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said transition metal promoter is combined with said support material by subjecting a predetermined amount of said support material to a solvent containing a predetermined concentration of a first transition metal precursor, and evaporating said solvent to form a promoter inclusive support.
25. The catalyst of claim 24 wherein said promoter inclusive support is combined with said primary transition metal by subjecting a predetermined amount of said promoter inclusive support to a solvent containing a predetermined concentration of said a second transition metal precursor, and evaporating said solvent to form said catalyst.
26. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said primary transition metal and said transition metal promoter are combined with said support by co-dissolving said primary transition metal and said promoter with said support.
27. The catalyst of claim 1 wherein said catalyst is combined with a substrate, wherein said substrate is a monolith, a foam, a sphere, an extrudate, a tab, a pellet, a multi-passage substrate or a combination thereof.
28. A catalyst suitable for conversion of hydrogen, said catalyst comprising:
a. a primary transition metal present at a concentration of up to about 20 wt % and selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, cadmium and a combination thereof;
b. a transition metal promoter present at a concentration of up to about 20 wt % and selected from the group consisting of lithium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, titanium, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, and a combination thereof; and
c. a support material comprising cerium oxide at a concentration of greater than about 10 wt %,
wherein said transition metal and said promoter are combined with said support material to form said catalyst.
29. The catalyst of claim 28 wherein said support material further includes an additive selected from the group consisting of gadolinium, samarium, zirconium, lithium, cesium, lanthanum, praseodymium, manganese, titanium, tungsten and a combination thereof.
30. The catalyst of claim 29 wherein said additive is present at a concentration of from about 0 wt % to about 90 wt %.
31. The catalyst of claim 28 wherein said support material further includes zirconium and said zirconium is present in said catalyst at a concentration of from about 0 wt % to about 90 wt %.
32. The catalyst of claim 28 wherein said support material is a mixed cerium zirconium oxide.
33. The catalyst of claim 32 wherein said mixed cerium zirconium oxide comprises cerium at a higher weight percent than zirconium.
34. The catalyst of claim 28 wherein said primary transition metal is combined with said support material by subjecting a predetermined amount of said support material to a solvent containing a predetermined concentration of a first transition metal precursor, and evaporating said solvent to form a transition metal inclusive support.
35. The catalyst of claim 34 wherein said first transition metal precursor is a transition metal complex having at least one ligand and wherein said ligand is absent of sulfur, chlorine, sodium, bromine, and iodine.
36. The catalyst of claim 34 wherein said first transition metal precursor is a transition metal complex having ligands selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, quaternary amines, nitrates, nitrites, hydroxyl groups, carbonyls, carbonates, aqua ions, oxides, oxylates, and combinations thereof.
37. The catalyst of claim 34 wherein said first transition metal precursor is selected from the group consisting of platinum tetra-amine hydroxide, platinum tetra-amine nitrate, platinum di-amine nitrate, platinum nitrate, platinum oxalate and a combination thereof.
38. The catalyst of claim 34 wherein said transition metal inclusive support is calcined.
39. The catalyst of claim 34 wherein said promoter is combined with said transition metal inclusive support by subjecting a predetermined amount of said transition metal inclusive support to a solvent containing a predetermined concentration of a second transition metal precursor, and evaporating said solvent to form said catalyst.
40. The catalyst of claim 41 wherein said second transition metal precursor is a transition metal complex having at least one ligand and wherein said ligand is absent of sulfur, chlorine, sodium, bromine, and iodine.
41. The catalyst of claim 39 wherein said second transition metal precursor is selected from the group consisting of ammonium perrhenate, a rhenium oxide complex, ReO2, ReO3 or Re2O7.
42. The catalyst of claim 39 wherein said catalyst is calcined.
43. The catalyst of claim 28 wherein said catalyst is combined with a substrate, wherein said substrate is a monolith, a foam, a sphere, an extrudate, a tab, a pellet, a multi-passage substrate or a combination thereof.
44. A catalyst suitable for conversion of hydrogen, said catalyst comprising:
a. a primary transition metal present at a concentration of up to about 20 wt % and selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, cadmium and a combination thereof;
b. a transition metal promoter present at a concentration of up to about 20 wt % and selected from the group consisting of lithium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, titanium, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, and a combination thereof; and
c. a support material comprising a mixed cerium zirconium oxide which is present at a concentration of greater than about 10 wt %,
wherein said transition metal and said promoter are combined with said support material to form said catalyst.
45. The catalyst of claim 44 wherein said support material further includes an additive present at a concentration of from about 0 wt % to about 90 wt % and selected from the group consisting of gadolinium, samarium, lithium, cesium, lanthanum, praseodymium, manganese, titanium, tungsten and a combination thereof.
46. The catalyst of claim 44 wherein said primary transition metal is impregnated on said support material by subjecting a predetermined amount of said support material to a solvent containing a predetermined concentration of a first transition metal precursor, evaporating said solvent to form a transition metal inclusive support and calcining said transition metal inclusive support, and said promoter is impregnated on said transition metal inclusive support by subjecting a predetermined amount of said transition metal inclusive support to a solvent containing a predetermined concentration of said a second transition metal precursor, evaporating said solvent to form said catalyst.
47. The catalyst of claim 44 wherein said first transition metal precursor is a transition metal complex having at least one ligand and wherein said ligand does not include sulfur, chlorine, sodium, bromine, iodine or combinations thereof, and wherein said second transition metal precursor is a transition metal complex having at least one ligand and wherein said ligand does not include sulfur, chlorine, sodium, bromine, iodine or combinations thereof.
48. The catalyst of claim 44 wherein said first transition metal precursor is selected from the group consisting of platinum tetra-amine hydroxide, platinum tetra-amine nitrate, platinum di-amine nitrate, platinum oxalate, platinum nitrate and a combination thereof.
49. The catalyst of claim 44 wherein said first transition metal precursor is a transition metal complex having ligands selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, quaternary amines, nitrates, nitrites, hydroxyl groups, carbonyls, carbonates, aqua ions, oxides, oxylates, and combinations thereof.
50. The catalyst of claim 44 wherein said second transition metal precursor is selected from the group consisting of ammonium perrhenate, a rhenium oxide complex, ReO2, ReO3 or Re2O7.
51. The catalyst of claim 44 wherein said catalyst is calcined.
52. A method for preparing a catalyst suitable for conversion of hydrogen for chemical processing, said method comprising:
a. impregnating a primary transition metal selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, cadmium and a combination thereof onto a support material comprising cerium oxide to form a transition metal inclusive support, and calcining said inclusive support; and
b. impregnating a transition metal promoter selected from the group consisting of lithium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, titanium, vanadium, niobium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, rhenium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, and a combination thereof onto said support material to form said catalyst, and calcining said promoter inclusive catalyst.
53. The catalyst of claim 52 wherein said primary transition metal is delivered to said support as a solvent containing a predetermined concentration of a first transition metal precursor defined as a transition metal complex having at least one ligand and wherein said ligand is absent of sulfur, chlorine, sodium, bromine, and iodine, and wherein said promoter is delivered to said transition metal inclusive support as a solvent containing a predetermined concentration of said a second transition metal precursor defined as a transition metal complex having at least one ligand and wherein said ligand is absent of sulfur, chlorine, sodium, bromine, and iodine.
54. The catalyst of claim 52 wherein said primary transition metal is present at a concentration of up to about 20 wt %, said promoter is present at a concentration of up to about 20 wt %, and said cerium oxide is present at a concentration of greater than about 10 wt %
55. The catalyst of claim 52 wherein said support material further includes an additive present at a concentration of from about 0 wt % to about 90 wt % and selected from the group consisting of gadolinium, samarium, zirconium, lithium, cesium, lanthanum, praseodymium, manganese, titanium, tungsten and a combination thereof.
56. The catalyst of claim 52 wherein said first transition metal precursor is a transition metal complex having ligands selected from the group consisting of ammonia, primary amines, secondary amines, tertiary amines, quaternary amines, nitrates, nitrites, hydroxyl groups, carbonyls, carbonates, aqua ions, oxides, oxylates, and combinations thereof.
57. The catalyst of claim 52 wherein said first transition metal precursor is selected from the group consisting of platinum tetra-amine hydroxide, platinum tetra-amine nitrate, platinum di-amine nitrate and a combination thereof, and said promoter precursor wherein said second transition metal precursor selected from the group consisting of ammonium perrhenate, a rhenium oxide complex, ReO2, ReO3 or Re2O7.