1. A packet memory system comprising:
a memory cell array for storing a predefined number of packets; each packet including a predetermined number of segments; each of said segments for defining a starting point of a readwrite memory access;
a packet decoder coupled to said memory cell array and receiving packet select inputs for selecting a packet;
a segment decoder coupled to said memory cell array and receiving segment select inputs for selecting a segment of said selected packet;
a data flow multiplexer coupled to said memory cell array for transferring data between a data bus and said memory cell array for said readwrite memory access;
command and mode registers receiving command, readwrite (RW) and chip select (CS) inputs for opening said selected packet for said readwrite memory access; and
responsive to said selected packet being opened, a readwrite segment command being issued for said selected segment of said selected packet for said readwrite memory access, and on said packet select inputs a length of said readwrite memory access being inputted.
2. A packet memory system as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said segments has a preprogrammed length.
3. A packet memory system as recited in claim 1 wherein each of said segments is defined for a cache line.
4. A packet memory system as recited in claim 1 wherein said memory cell array includes an array of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) cells.
5. A packet memory system as recited in claim 1 wherein said packet has a predetermined total packet length and each of said segments has a preprogrammed length from zero to said total packet length, and where the sum of each of said segments can not be greater than said total packet length.
6. A packet memory system as recited in claim 1 wherein said packet includes four segments and said segment decoder coupled to said memory cell array receives two segment select inputs for selecting one of said four segments.
7. A packet memory system as recited in claim 1 wherein said packet decoder coupled to said memory cell array receives said predefined number of packet select inputs for selecting one of said predefined number of packets.
8. A packet memory system as recited in claim 1 wherein said command inputs include a first command type and a second command type.
9. A packet memory system as recited in claim 8 wherein said first command type includes said open packet command, a close packet command, a refresh command and a self-refresh command.
10. A packet memory system as recited in claim 8 wherein said second command type includes said readwrite (RW) segment command, an open packet command, a close packet command, and a segment stop command.
11. A packet memory system as recited in claim 1 wherein said data flow multiplexer coupled to said memory cell array for transferring data between a data bus and said memory cell array includes a predetermined number of buses, each said bus connected between said data flow multiplexer and a respective one of said predetermined number of segments within said memory cell array.
12. A packet memory system as recited in claim 1 wherein a latency between said memory cell array and said data bus coupled to said data flow multiplexer is less than or equal to one clock cycle.
13. A packet memory system comprising:
a memory cell array including an array of dynamic random access memory (DRAM) cells for storing a predefined number of packets; each packet including a predetermined number of segments; each of said segments having a preprogrammed length; each of said segments for defining a starting point of a readwrite memory access;
a packet decoder coupled to said memory cell array and receiving packet select inputs for selecting a packet;
a segment decoder coupled to said memory cell array and receiving segment select inputs for selecting a segment of said selected packet;
a data flow multiplexer coupled to said memory cell array for transferring data between a data bus and said memory cell array for said readwrite memory access;
command and mode registers receiving command, readwrite (RW) and chip select (CS) inputs for opening said selected packet for said readwrite memory access; and
responsive to said selected packet being opened, a readwrite segment command being issued for said selected segment of said selected packet for said readwrite memory access, and on said packet select inputs a length of said readwrite memory access being inputted.
14. A packet memory system as recited in claim 13 wherein each of said segments is defined for a cache line.
15. A packet memory system as recited in claim 13 wherein said packet has a predetermined total packet length and each of said segments has a preprogrammed length from zero to said total packet length, and where the sum of each of said segments can not be greater than said total packet length.
16. A packet memory system as recited in claim 13 wherein said data flow multiplexer coupled to said memory cell array for transferring data between a data bus and said memory cell array includes a predetermined number of buses, each said bus connected between said data flow multiplexer and a respective one of said predetermined number of segments within said memory cell array.
17. A packet memory system as recited in claim 13 wherein a latency between said memory cell array and said data bus coupled to said data flow multiplexer is less than or equal to one clock cycle.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A composition comprising: one or more triboelectrically charged pigment particles dispersed in a polymer matrix.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the pigment particles comprise one or more of the following: TiO2, ZrO2, ZnO, Al2O3, BaSO4, CaCO3, an organic pigment, and an organometallic.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the particles are used in an electrophoretic display device.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the particles have an electrophoretic mobility and density for use in an electrochromic display.
5. The composition of claim 1 further including a dielectric fluid.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises at least two groups of particles having different electrophoretic properties.
7. A method comprising:
charging pigment particles in a melted polymer matrix by movement of the pigment particles and polymer matrix across a substrate; and
cooling droplets released from the substrate to form electrophoretic particles with charged pigment particles dispersed in the polymer matrix.
8. The method of claim 7 where the electrophoretic particles have a shape that can be used in an electrophoretic display device.
9. The method of claim 7 where the pigment particles are charged by triboelectric charging.
10. The method of claim 7 where the electrophoretic particles comprise substantially spherical balls less than about 250 microns in diameter.
11. The method of claim 7 where the electrophoretic particles provide a switching speed in an electrophoretic cell with an about 300 micrometer average spacing between the electrodes of the cell of less than about 200 microseconds when the spherical balls are dispersed in an about 1 centistoke dielectric fluid and a square wave of about +300 to about \u2212300 volts is applied to the cell electrodes.
12. The method of claim 7 where the substrate is a heated spinning disk.
13. The method of claim 7 where the polymeric matrix has a melt viscosity less than about 50 centipoise.
14. The method of claim 7 where the polymeric matrix includes an additive that improves the tribocharging characteristics of the pigment.
15. An electrophoretic display comprising:
a cell having two opposed conductive plates separated from each other by an insulator to form a sealed cavity between the plates;
each plate having one or more electrodes and where at least one of the plates and the one or more electrodes are transparent;
wherein the cavity includes a suspension of an inert dielectric fluid mixed with electrophoretic particles;
wherein the electrophoretic particles are nearly neutrally buoyant in the dielectric fluid and include triboelectrically charged pigment particles dispersed in a polymeric matrix; and;
wherein the electrophoretic particles move in response to an electric field applied to the electrodes.
16. The device of claim 15 where the pigment particles are dispersed in a thermoplastic that has a viscosity of less than about 50 centipoise when heated to about 150\xb0 C.
17. The device of claim 15 where the dielectric fluid includes a dye.
18. The device of claim 15 where the dielectric fluid includes a first color or first achromatic color of electrophoretic particle that is positively charged and a second color or second achromatic color of electrophoretic particle that is negatively charged.
19. The device of claim 15 having a contrast ratio of 4.5 or more and a switching time of 200 milliseconds or less.
20. The device of claim 18 where the positively and negatively charged electrophoretic particles are suspended in a second dielectric fluid and encapsulated by a polymer shell to form one or more capsules, the capsules positioned between the cell plates.