1. A support system for use with a reactor vessel having an inside wall that defines a reaction zone capable of containing a bed of catalyst particles and which includes an inlet manway providing an opening into said reaction zone, wherein said support system comprises:
a manway insert having an insert upper end and an insert lower end, wherein said manway insert is capable of extending through said opening into said reaction zone;
a support hanger having a hanger upper end and a hanger lower end with said hanger upper end being fixedly connected to said insert lower end; and
a support structure capable of supporting a fluid distributor tray and which is fixedly connected to said hanger lower end.
2. A support system as recited in claim 1, wherein said insert upper end further includes support means for transferring a load from said support system to a bearing.
3. A support system as recited in claim 2, wherein affixed to said insert lower end is attachment means for connecting said hanger upper end to said insert lower end.
4. A support system as recited in claim 3, wherein said support structure further includes a skirt extending to and along said inside wall.
5. A support system as recited in claim 4, wherein said support means includes a flange extending outwardly from said manway insert and providing for seating upon said bearing.
6. A support system as recited in claim 5, wherein said attachment means includes detachable clamp means for connecting said hanger upper end and for transferring of load to said manway insert.
7. A support system for use with a reactor vessel having an inside reactor wall that defines a reaction zone capable of containing a bed of catalyst particles and which includes an inlet manway having an inside manway wall defining a manway conduit into said reaction zone, wherein said support system comprises:
an insert having an insert outside wall, an insert inside wall defining a insert conduit, an insert upper end, and an insert lower end, wherein said insert is capable of extending through said manway conduit into said reaction zone and with said insert lower end terminating within said reaction zone;
a support hanger having a hanger upper end and a hanger lower end with said hanger upper end being fixedly connected to said insert lower end; and
support structure means for supporting a load, wherein said support structure means is fixedly connected to said hanger lower end.
8. A support system as recited in claim 7, wherein said support structure further includes a skirt extending to and along said inside reactor wall.
9. A support system as recited in claim 8, wherein said insert outside wall extends to and along said inside manway wall.
10. A support system as recited in claim 9, wherein said manway conduit has a geometry that is cylindrical.
11. A distributor tray support system for use with a reactor vessel that defines a reactor zone and has an inlet manway providing an opening into said reactor zone, wherein said distributor tray support system comprises:
a manway insert supported by said inlet manway and extending through said opening of said inlet manway and into said reactor zone;
wherein attached to said manway insert is attachment means for connecting a support hanger to said manway insert and for transferring the load from said support hanger to said manway insert;
wherein said support hanger has an upper end and a lower end; and
wherein said upper end is fixedly attached to said attachment means and said lower end is fixedly attached to distributor tray support structure means for supporting a distributor tray.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A zoom lens comprising in order from an object side to an image side:
a first lens unit having a positive refractive power;
a second lens unit having a negative refractive power;
a third lens unit having a positive refractive power; and
a fourth lens unit having a positive refractive power, wherein
zooming from a wide angle end to a telephoto end is carried out by changing each distance between the lens units, and
the zoom lens is a four-unit zoom lens, and
the first lens unit comprises in order from the object side to the image side,
a negative lens and a positive lens, and
the total number of lenses in the first lens unit is two, and
the third lens unit comprises,
a positive lens component having a positive refractive power, which is a lens component positioned nearest to the object side in the third lens unit, and
a negative lens component having a negative refractive power, which is a lens component positioned nearest to the image side in the third lens unit, and
the positive lens component and the negative lens component form a lens block having only two surfaces which make a contact with air in an optical path, namely an object-side surface and an image-side surface, and
the following conditional expressions (11), (12), and (13) are satisfied:
2.5<f1pf3p\u2003\u2003(11)
\u22123.4<f1\xd7f2f32<\u22122.4\u2003\u2003(12)
\u22120.3<h3ff3<\u22120.14\u2003\u2003(13)
where,
f1p denotes a focal length of the positive lens in the first lens unit,
f3p denotes a focal length of the positive lens component in the third lens unit,
f1 denotes a focal length of the first lens unit,
f2 denotes a focal length of the second lens unit,
f3 denotes a focal length of the third lens unit, and
h3f denotes an optical axial distance from a surface of incidence of the third lens unit up to a principal point of the third lens unit, and has a negative (minus) sign when the principal point is on the object side of (than) the surface of incidence, and has a positive (plus) sign when the principal point is on the image side of (than) the surface of incidence.
2. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
the following conditional expression (14) is satisfied:
2<(R1obj+R1nimg)(R1obj\u2212R1nimg)<7\u2003\u2003(14)
where,
R1obj denotes a paraxial radius of curvature of an object-side surface of the first lens unit, and
R1nimg denotes a paraxial radius of curvature of an image-side surface of the negative lens in the first lens unit.
3. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
the following conditional expression (15) is satisfied:
\u22121.0<(R1obj+R1img)(R1obj\u2212R1img)<0.0\u2003\u2003(15)
where,
R1obj denotes the paraxial radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the first lens unit, and
R1img denotes a paraxial radius of curvature of an image-side surface of the first lens unit.
4. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
the following conditional expression (16) is satisfied:
\u22121.1<(R1pobj+R1img)(R1pobj\u2212R1img)<\u22120.5\u2003\u2003(16)
where,
R1pobj denotes a paraxial radius of curvature of an object-side surface of the positive lens in the first lens unit, and
R1img denotes the paraxial radius of curvature of an image-side surface of the first lens unit.
5. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
the following conditional expression (17) is satisfied:
\u22120.9<(R3obj+R3pimg)(R3obj\u2212R3pimg)<\u22120.5\u2003\u2003(17)
where,
R3obj denotes a paraxial radius of curvature of an object-side surface of the third lens unit, and
R3pimg denotes a paraxial radius of curvature of an image-side surface of the positive lens component the lens unit.
6. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
the following conditional expression (18) is satisfied:
1.5<(R3nobj+R3img)(R3nobj\u2212R3img)<6\u2003\u2003(18)
where,
R3nobj denotes a paraxial radius of curvature of an object-side surface of the negative lens component in the third lens unit, and
R3img denotes the paraxial radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the third lens unit.
7. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
the object-side surface of the third lens unit is convex toward the object side, and the image-side surface of the third lens unit is concave toward the image side, and
the following conditional expression (19) is satisfied:
0.7<R3objR3img<1.5\u2003\u2003(19)
where,
R3obj denotes the paraxial radius of curvature of the object-side surface of the third lens unit, and
R3img denotes the paraxial radius of curvature of the image-side surface of the third lens unit.
8. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
both the object-side surface and the image-side surface of the third lens unit are aspheric surfaces.
9. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
the negative lens component in the third lens unit is a negative lens, and
the following conditional expression (20) is satisfied:
1.63<n3n\u2003\u2003(20)
where,
n3n denotes a refractive index with reference to a d-line of the negative lens in the third lens unit.
10. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
the total number of lens components in the third lens unit is two.
11. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
the total number of lenses in the third lens unit is two.
12. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
following conditional expression (2)
n1n<1.7\u2003\u2003(2)
where,
n1n denotes a refractive index with reference to a d-line of the negative lens in the first lens unit.
13. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
the following conditional expression (3) is satisfied:
20<|\u03bdn1\u2212\u03bd1p|<60\u2003\u2003(3)
where,
\u03bd1n denotes Abbe number with reference to the d-line of the negative lens in the first lens unit,
\u03bd1p denotes Abbe number with reference to the d-line of the positive lens in the first lens unit, and
\u03bd1n<\u03bd1p.
14. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
the following conditional expression (8) is satisfied:
2.0<\u03b23t\u03b23w\u2003\u2003(8)
where,
\u03b23t denotes a lateral magnification at the telephoto end of the third lens unit, and
\u03b23w denotes a lateral magnification at the wide angle end of the third lens unit.
15. The zoom lens according to claim 1, wherein
the following conditional expression (9) is satisfied:
0.5<(\u03b23t\u03b23w)(\u03b22t\u03b22w)<1.3\u2003\u2003(9)
where,
\u03b23t denotes the lateral magnification at the telephoto end of the third lens unit,
\u03b23w denotes the lateral magnification at the telephoto end of the third lens unit,
\u03b22t denotes a lateral magnification at the telephoto end of the second lens unit, and
\u03b22w denotes a lateral magnification at the wide angle end of the second lens unit.
16. An image pickup apparatus comprising:
a zoom lens according to claim 1; and
an image pickup element which is disposed on an image side of the zoom lens, and which has an image pickup surface which picks up an image formed by the zoom lens, and which converts the image picked up to an electric signal.