1. A method of identifying a unidentified substance, comprising:
directing light from a light emitting source directly upon a stationary unidentified substance;
collecting fluorescence from the unidentified substance in a detector; wherein the detector comprises a lock-in detection system;
analyzing the fluorescence; and
identifying the unidentified substance.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the light emitting source is a light emitting diode.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the light emitting diode is a surface-emitting light emitting diode, broad band light emitting diodes, ultraviolet light emitting diode, edge-emitting light emitting diode, resonant cavity light emitting diode, flip-chipped light emitting diode, organic light emitting diode, vertical light emitting diode, wavelength-specific light emitting diode, laser light emitting diode, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing light emitting diodes.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the light emitting source heats the unidentified substance prior to collecting the fluorescence.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the unidentified substance is not in the form of a stream of particles.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the light from the light emitting source has a wavelength of about 200 to about 450 nanometers.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the light is emitted from a plurality of light emitting sources and wherein the light emitting sources emit light simultaneously or sequentially.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluorescence is collected by a plurality of detectors either simultaneously or sequentially.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the light is emitted from a plurality of light emitting sources and wherein the light emitting sources emit light simultaneously or sequentially and wherein the fluorescence is collected by a single detector.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the light is emitted from a single light emitting sources and wherein the fluorescence is collected by a plurality of detectors either simultaneously or sequentially.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the light is emitted from a plurality of light emitting sources and wherein the light emitting sources emit light simultaneously or sequentially and wherein the fluorescence is collected by a plurality of detectors either simultaneously or sequentially.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the detector is a photodetector.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the detector is a photoconductor, a photodiode, a photomultiplier tube, an avalanche photodiode, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing photodetectors.
14. The method of claim 1, further comprising transmitting an electrical signal to the light emitting source prior to the focusing of the light.
15. The method of claim 1, further comprising pulsing the light from the light emitting source.
16. The method of claim 1, further comprising gating the detector to receive the fluorescence in pulsed form.
17. The method of claim 1, wherein the light from the light emitting source further impinges on a reflector.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the light impinges on a reflector prior to being focused on the unidentified substance.
19. The method of claim 1, wherein the fluorescence from the unidentified substance further impinges on a reflector.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein the fluorescence from the unidentified substance impinges on a reflector prior to being focused on the detector.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising transmitting an electrical signal from the detector to a central processing unit.
22. The method of claim 4, wherein heating is performed to heat an unidentified substance to a temperature above an ambient temperature of the sample.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein heating is performed to heat an unidentified substance to a temperature of at least 5\xb0 C. above a temperature of the sample.
24. A detection system comprising:
a light emitting source;
a circuit board; wherein the trigger is operative to trigger a pulse of electrons from the circuit board to the light emitting source;
a detector; and
a central processing unit, wherein fluorescence generated from an unknown unidentified substance that is illuminated by light from the light emitting source is collected in the detector and analyzed in the central processing unit.
25. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the trigger is further operative to promote a pulse of electricity from a battery to the circuit board.
26. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the light emitting source is a light emitting diode.
27. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the light emitting diode is a surface-emitting light emitting diode, broad band light emitting diode, ultraviolet light emitting diode, edge-emitting light emitting diode, resonant cavity light emitting diode, flip-chipped light emitting diode, organic light emitting diode, vertical light emitting diode, wavelength-specific light emitting diode, laser light emitting diode, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing light emitting diodes.
28. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the light emitting source is an infrared light emitting diode that is used to heat the unidentified substance.
29. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the unidentified substance is not in the form of a stream of particles.
30. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the light from the light emitting source has a wavelength of about 200 to about 450 nanometers.
31. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the detector is a photodetector.
32. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the detector is a photoconductor, a photodiode, a photomultiplier tube, an avalanche photodiode, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing photodetectors.
33. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the central processing unit uses a univariate analysis system, a multivariate analysis system, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing systems.
34. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the light emitting source is an array of light emitting diodes.
35. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the light emitting source is an array of light emitting sources and wherein a first light emitting source excites fluorescence from the sample and a second light emitting source heats the sample.
36. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the light from the light emitting source is pulsed and a photodetector is locked to this pulse frequency.
37. The detection system of claim 24, wherein a light from the light emitting source is pulsed and a photodetector is locked to a frequency of the pulse and operates to detect light with a selected time gate width.
38. The detection system of claim 24, wherein a light from the light emitting source is pulsed and a signal to the photodetector is amplified with a lock-in amplifier at the frequency at which the light from the light emitting source is pulsed.
39. The detection system of claim 24, wherein the detector is a photodetector with an optical filter.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A light emitting polymer composition comprising a polymer component and a phosphorescent agent contained in the polymer component, wherein the polymer component is a copolymer composed of 50 to 99 mol % of structural units derived from the hole transporting monomer and 50 to 1 mol % of structural units derived from the electron transporting monomer, in which the electron transporting monomer is an oxadiazole derivative selected from the group consisting of 2-\u03b2-naphthyl-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-\u03b1-naphthyl-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4-vinyl-p-biphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-(p-biphenyl)-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-(p-biphenyl)-5-(4-propenylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-t-butoxyphenyl-5-(4-(4-vinylphenyl)-p-biphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, and substituted products of these oxadiazole derivatives with an acryloyl or methacryloyl group.
2. The light emitting polymer composition according to claim 1, wherein the hole transporting monomer is an aromatic tertiary amine derivative.
3. The light emitting polymer composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the phosphorescent agent is a complex compound of a metal selected from the group consisting of iridium, platinum, osmium, and combinations thereof.
4. The light emitting polymer composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the phosphorescent agent comprises an iridium complex compound represented by formula (1):
wherein R1 and R2 are, independently, a substituent composed of a fluorine atom, alkyl group or aryl group and may be the same or different from each other, m is an integer of 0 to 4, and n is an integer of 0to 4.
5. The light emitting polymer composition according to claim 4, wherein the content of an impurity compound represented by formula (X) in the phosphorescent agent is at most 1,000 ppm:
wherein R1 and R2 are, independently, a substituent composed of a fluorine atom, alkyl group or aryl group and may be the same or different from each other, m is an integer of 0 to 4, and n is an integer of 0 to 4.
6. An organic electroluminescence device, comprising:
a functional organic material layer which functions as a light emitting layer or hole transport layer and is formed by a light emitting polymer composition comprising a polymer component and a phosphorescent agent contained in the polymer component, wherein the polymer component is a copolymer composed of 50 to 99 mol % of structural units derived from the hole transporting monomer and 50 to 1 mol % of structural units derived from the electron transporting monomer, in which the electron transporting monomer is an oxadiazole derivative selected from the group consisting of 2-\u03b2-naphthyl-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-\u03b1-naphthyl-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-phenyl-5-(vinyl-p-biphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-(p-biphenyl)-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-(p-biphenyl)-5-(4-propenylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-t-butoxyphenyl-5-(4-(4-vinylphenyl)-p-biphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, and substituted products of these oxadiazole derivatives with an acryloyl or methacryloyl group.
7. A process for producing an organic electroluminescence device, which comprises the step of forming a functional organic material layer by applying a solution of a light emitting polymer composition dissolved in an organic solvent, to the surface of a substrate and subjecting the resultant coating to a treatment for removing the organic solvent, in which the light emitting polymer composition comprises a polymer component and a phosphorescent agent contained in the polymer component, wherein the polymer component is a copolymer composed of 50 to 99 mol % of structural units derived from the hole transporting monomer and 50 to 1 mol % of structural units derived from the electron transporting monomer, in which the electron transporting monomer is an oxadiazole derivative selected form a group consisting of 2-\u03b2-naphthyl-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-\u03b1-naphthyl-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-phenyl-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-phenyl-5-(vinyl-p-biphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-(p-biphenyl)-5-(4-vinylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-(p-biphenyl)-5-(4-propenylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2-t-butoxyphenyl-5-(4-(4-vinylphenyl)-p-biphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole, and substituted products of these oxadiazole derivatives with an acryloyl or methacryloyl group.