What is claimed is:
1. A method for converting into a sequence-specific, strand specific and location specific DNA nicking endonuclease, a restriction endonuclease that recognizes an asymmetric DNA sequence, the endonuclease having two catalytic sites and one or more single sequence specific DNA-binding domains, the method comprising:
inactivating one of the catalytic sites of the restriction endonuclease by modifying the nucleotide sequence coding for selected amino acid residues in the catalytic site so as to convert the restriction endonuclease into the nicking endonuclease.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the restriction endonuclease has one single sequence specific DNA-binding domain.
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein the restriction endonuclease further comprises a dimerization domain that remains unmodified in the nicking endonuclease.
4. A method according to claim 1, wherein the two catalytic sites of the restriction endonuclease comprise different amino acid sequences.
5. A method according to claim 1, wherein the two catalytic sites of the restriction endonuclease comprise the same amino acid sequence.
6. A method according to claim 2, wherein the restriction endonuclease is selected from BstNB1 and Bbv1.
7. A method according to claim 5, wherein the restriction endonuclease is a dimer, the dimer having a first and a second subunit wherein the first and the second subunit each comprise a sequence specific DNA-binding domain, a catalytic site and a dimerization domain, the method further comprising modifying the first subunit by inactivating the catalytic site and modifying the second subunit by inactivating the DNA-binding domain, the modified dimer forming the nicking endonuclease.
8. A method according to claim 1, wherein the restriction endonuclease prior to modification is a homodimer and the nicking endonuclease is functionally a heterodimer.
9. A method according to claim 7, wherein the restriction endonuclease is a type IIs or type IV restriction endonuclease.
10. A method according to claim 7, wherein the restriction endonuclease is FokI.
11. A method according to claim 1, wherein inactivating one of the catalytic sites further comprises modifying one or more amino acid residues in a predetermined region of one of the catalytic site by site specific mutagenesis of the nucleic acid encoding the residues.
12. A method according to claims 2 or 7, wherein inactivating one of the catalytic sites further comprises: modifying by site specific mutagenesis, a nucleic acid sequences encoding the residues of one or more amino acid residues in a predetermined region of the restriction endonuclease so as to inactivate one of the catalytic sites or the DNA binding domain
13. A method according to claims 2 or 7, wherein inactivating one of the catalytic sites further comprises: modifying by site specific mutagenesis, a nucleic acid sequences encoding the residues of one or more amino acid residues in a predetermined region of the restriction endonuclease so as to inactivate one of the catalytic sites or the DNA binding domain.
14. A method according to claims 1, 2 or 7, wherein inactivating one of the catalytic sites further comprises modifying one or more amino acids in a conserved motif in the DNA encoding the restriction endonuclease, the conserved motif identified through alignment of nucleic acid sequences of related proteins.
15. A method according to claim 14, wherein the conserved motif encodes any of a proline (P), aspartic acid (D), glutamic acid (E) and lysine (K) amino acids in a PD-EXK motif.
16. A method according to claim 1, wherein the restriction endonuclease is selected from AciI, BbvCI, Bpu10I, BsrBI, BssSI, BtrI and GdiII.
17. A method according to claim 3, wherein the restriction endonuclease is selected from BsmI, BsrI and SimI.
18. A method according to claim 3, wherein the restriction endonuclease is selected from BsrDI, BstF5I and BtsI.
19. A method according to claim 3, wherein the restriction endonuclease is selected from BstNBI and BbvI.
20. A method for converting into a sequence-specific, strand specific and location specific DNA nicking endonuclease, a Type II restriction endonuclease that recognizes an asymmetric DNA sequence, the endonuclease being a dimer having a first and second subunit wherein the first and the second subunit each comprise a sequence specific DNA-binding domain, a catalytic site and a dimerization domain, the method comprising: modifying the first subunit by inactivating the catalytic site and modifying the second subunit by inactivating the DNA-binding domain, the modified dimer forming the nicking endonuclease,
21. A nicking endonuclease made according to any of claims 1, 2, 7 and 20.
22. A method of introducing site specific nicks into pre-selected strands of a DNA duplex, comprising mixing double stranded DNA with a nicking endonuclease formed according to any of claims 1, 2, 7 and 20.
23. A method of claim 22, wherein the double stranded DNA is circular supercoiled DNA.
24. A method of converting into a restriction endonuclease, a DNA nicking endonuclease according to claim 21, comprising; adding manganese cation to a digestion buffer containing the nicking endonuclease.
25. A method of inhibiting activity of a nicking endonuclease according to claim 21, comprising: adding calcium to the endonuclease in a digestion buffer.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A system, comprising:
an ambigram coin including a coin body including a solid field portion having an obverse side and a reverse side, bound by a circumferential edge side,
the coin body having a medial x-axis and a medial y-axis;
the obverse side having a diameter equal to the diameter of the reverse side;
the circumferential edge side having a thickness T1;
an obverse exterior surface having a surface area equal to a reverse surface area;
the solid field portion rigidly retains a cut-out hollow ambigram legend in a central portion;
the cut-out hollow ambigram legend having a cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d aligned a distance along the solid field portion from a cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x-axis in a vertical obverse display position to form the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cME\u201d such that vertically rotating the coin body a measure of 180 degrees about the medial x-axis to a vertical reverse display position the cut-out hollow ambigram legend has the cut-out hollow letter \u201cW\u201d and the cut-out letter \u201cE\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x\u2014axis to form the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cWE\u201d;
the cut-out hollow letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d each bordered by internal side walls which circumscribe each of the letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d are sized to fit in its entirety within the solid field portion of the coin body without extending beyond the edge side;
each of the side walls of the cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d and the cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d each having a thickness T2 equal to the thickness T1 of the side edge;
a superior aperture is disposed adjacent to a top edge longitudinally aligned along a y-axis a distance along the solid field portion from an inferior aperture disposed adjacent to a bottom edge such that the superior aperture and the inferior aperture are each disposed separate and remote from the cut-out hollow ambigram legend; and
the superior aperture and the inferior aperture each having an opening with identical size and structure and means by which the coin body is hung from a displaying device.
2. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the solid field portion is flat having a smooth obverse exterior surface and a smooth reverse exterior surface.
3. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the edge side is plain.
4. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the edge side can be any one of the group comprising reeded, lettered, or decorated.
5. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the edge side having a thickness T1 is equal to the thickness T2 of the internal side walls of the cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d so that an obverse border and a reverse border of the cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d is flush with the obverse exterior surface and reverse exterior surface of the solid field portion.
6. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the edge side having a thickness T1 is equal to the thickness T2 of the internal side walls of the cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d so that an obverse border and a reverse border of the cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d is flush with the obverse exterior surface and reverse exterior surface of the solid field portion.
7. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d can be formed selected from any one of a variety of fonts sized such that the cut-out hollow letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d fit in its entirety within the solid field portion of the coin body without extending beyond the edge side.
8. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the solid field portion is rimless.
9. The system as recited in claim 1, further comprises a circumferential rim selected from any one of the group comprising a smooth border, double border, ripped border, deviced border, corner border, wave border, or spiral border.
10. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the shape of the coin body is a circle.
11. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the shape of the coin body is any one of a variety of geometric shapes, including an oval, square, triangle, trapezoid, rectangle, octagon, pentagon, and heart, or any shape such that the cut-out hollow letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d fit in its entirety within the solid field portion of the coin body without extending beyond the edge side.
12. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the coin body is resilient.
13. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the coin body is manufactured using any one of metals selected from the group comprising of gold, platinum, silver, bronze, copper, brass, nickel, pewter, wrought iron, iron, and stainless steel, bimetallic, bouillon, an alloy, or any combination thereof.
14. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the superior aperture and the inferior aperture are circular.
15. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the superior aperture and the inferior aperture are identical heart-shaped apertures.
16. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the displaying device is selected from the group comprising of necklaces, bracelets, anklets, earrings, chains, cords, and ribbons, said displaying device passed through an opening of the anterior aperture whereby the ambigram coin may be worn as jewelry.
17. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the displaying device is selected from the group comprising of necklaces, bracelets, anklets, earrings, chains, cords, and ribbons, said displaying device passed through an opening of the inferior aperture whereby the ambigram coin may be worn as jewelry.
18. system as recited in claim 1, wherein the displaying device is a suede cord having a first end and a second end, the first end threaded through the opening of the superior aperture and joined to the second end to form a loop whereby the ambigram coin is easily retrieved from inside a pocket.
19. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the displaying device is a suede cord having a first end and a second end, the first end threaded through the opening of the inferior aperture and joined to the second end to form a loop whereby the ambigram coin is easily retrieved from inside a pocket.
20. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the displaying device is a dog collar.
21. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the displaying device is a baby pacifier ribbon.
22. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the displaying device is a purse.
23. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the displaying device is a key ring.
24. The system as recited in claim 1, further comprising a connecting device connected to the superior aperture selected from the group comprising a ring, metal ring, clasp, spring clasp, and lobster clasp, whereby the connecting device receives the displaying device.
25. The system as recited in claim 1, further comprising a connecting device connected to the inferior aperture selected from the group comprising a ring, metal ring, clasp, spring clasp, and lobster clasp, whereby the connecting device receives the displaying device.
26. The system as recited in claim 1, wherein the ambigram coin is manufactured using a sturdy material having automatically operable means for rigidly retaining the cut-out hollow ambigram legend.
27. A system, comprising of:
an ambigram coin including a coin body including a solid field portion having an obverse side and a reverse side, bound by a circumferential edge side,
the obverse side having a diameter equal to the diameter of the reverse side;
the circumferential edge side having a thickness T1;
an obverse exterior surface having a surface area equal to a reverse surface area;
the solid field portion rigidly retains a cut-out hollow ambigram legend in a central portion;
the cut-out hollow ambigram legend having at least two cut-out hollow Letters;
a cut-out hollow Letter L1 aligned a distance along the solid field portion from a cut-out hollow Letter L2; being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x-axis display a first ambigram in a vertical obverse display position such that vertically rotating the coin body a measure of 180 degrees about the medial x\u2014axis to a vertical reverse display position the cut-out hollow ambigram legend has the cut-out hollow letter \u201cL1\u201d and the cut-out letter \u201cL2\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x-axis displays a second ambigram;
the cut-out hollow letters \u201cL1\u201d and \u201cL2\u201d each bordered by internal side walls which circumscribe each of the letters \u201cL1\u201d and \u201cL2\u201d are sized to fit in its entirety within the solid field portion of the coin body without extending beyond the edge side;
each of the side walls of the cut-out hollow letter \u201cL1\u201d and the cut-out hollow letter \u201cL2\u201d each having a thickness T2 equal to the thickness T1 of the side edge;
a superior aperture is disposed adjacent to a top edge longitudinally aligned along a y-axis a distance along the solid field portion from an inferior aperture disposed adjacent to a bottom edge such that the superior aperture and the inferior aperture are each disposed separate and remote from the cut-out hollow ambigram legend; and
the superior aperture and the inferior aperture each having an opening with identical size and structure and means by which the coin body is hung from a displaying device.
28. The system as recited in claim 27, wherein the cut-out hollow ambigram legend includes a cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d aligned a distance along the solid field portion from a cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x-axis in the vertical obverse display position to form the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cME\u201d such that the ambigram coin displays the hollow word \u201cME\u201d to a viewer, the coin body being vertically rotated a measure 180 degrees about the medial x-axis to the vertical reverse display position the cut-out hollow letter \u201cW\u201d and \u201cE\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x\u2014axis in the vertical reverse position to form the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cWE\u201d such that the ambigram coin displays the hollow word \u201cWE\u201d to a viewer.
29. A system, comprising:
an ambigram coin including a coin body including a solid field portion having an obverse side and a reverse side, bound by a circumferential edge side,
the coin body having a medial x-axis and a medial y-axis;
the obverse side having a diameter equal to the diameter of the reverse side;
the circumferential edge side having a thickness T1;
an obverse exterior surface having a surface area equal to a reverse surface area;
the solid field portion rigidly retains a cut-out hollow ambigram legend in a central portion;
the cut-out hollow ambigram legend having a cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d aligned a distance along the solid field portion from a cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x-axis in a vertical obverse display position to form the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cME\u201d such that vertically rotating the coin body a measure of 180 degrees about the medial x-axis to a vertical reverse display position the cut-out hollow ambigram legend has the cut-out hollow letter \u201cW\u201d and the cut-out letter \u201cE\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x-axis to form the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cWE\u201d;
the cut-out hollow letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d each bordered by internal side walls which circumscribe each of the letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d are sized to fit in its entirety within the solid field portion of the coin body without extending beyond the edge side;
each of the side walls of the cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d and the cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d each having a thickness T2 equal to the thickness T1 of the side edge;
a right aperture disposed adjacent to a right side edge and longitudinally aligned along an x-axis a distance along the solid field portion from a left aperture which is located adjacent to a left side edge such that the right aperture and the left aperture are each disposed separate and remote from the cut-out hollow ambigram legend;
the right aperture and the left aperture each having an opening with identical size and structure and means by which the ambigram coin is connected to a right vertical rotatable connecting device and a left vertical rotatable connecting device; and
a distal end of the right rotatable connecting device fixed to a first end of the displaying device and a distal end of the left rotatable connecting device fixed to a second end of the displaying device so that the ambigram coin can be displayed in a selected vertical display position.
30. The system as recited in claim 29, wherein the displaying device is a link chain having a first end and a second end with a length of chain therebetween.
31. The system as recited in claim 29, wherein the right vertical rotatable connector pin device including a first pin receptacle and a first eye bolt;
the left rotatable connector pin device including a second pin receptacle and a second eye bolt;
a first eye bolt having a first loop portion and first male threaded shank portion;
a second eye bolt having a second loop portion and second male threaded shank portion;
the first loop portion connected to the right aperture of the ambigram coin and the second loop portion connected to the left aperture of the ambigram coin;
the first pin receptacle including a first cavity including a first female annular threads as a means for compatible vertical rotatable detachment and reattachment to a first male threaded shank of the first eye loop, and the second pin body including a second cavity including a second female annular threads as a means for compatible vertical rotatable detachment and reattachment to a second male threaded shank of the second eye loop so that the ambigram coin may be installed on a displaying device at a selected vertical display position relative to the x-axis in a vertical obverse display position such that the cut-out ambigram \u201cME\u201d is displayed, and by vertically rotating the ambigram coin in a measure of 180 degrees in the vertical reverse display position such that the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cWE\u201d is displayed.
32. A method of manufacturing a product, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a plasma cutter;
providing a computer numerical controlled plasma cutter machine using a plasma torch;
loading a sheet of steel \u215b\u2033 thick and up to 4 feet by 4 feet square onto a cutting table of the computer numerical controlled plasma cutter machine;
selecting a computer numerical cutting specifications from a computer assisted design software to perform a plasma cutting function of an ambigram coin comprising:
a coin body including a solid field portion having an obverse side and a reverse side, bound by a circumferential edge side, the coin body having a medial x-axis and a medial y-axis; the obverse side having a diameter equal to a diameter of the reverse side; the circumferential edge side having a thickness T1; an obverse exterior surface having a surface area equal to a reverse exterior surface area; the solid field portion rigidly retains a cut-out hollow ambigram legend in a central portion; the cut-out hollow ambigram legend having a cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d aligned a distance from a cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x-axis in a vertical obverse display position to form the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cME\u201d such that vertically rotating the coin body a measure of a 180 degrees about the medial x-axis to a vertical reverse display position the cut-out hollow ambigram legend has a cut-out hollow letter \u201cW\u201d and the cut-out letter \u201cE\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x-axis to form a cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cWE\u201d; the cut-out hollow letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d each bordered by internal side walls which circumscribe each of the letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d are sized to fit in its entirety within the solid field portion of the coin body without extending beyond the edge side; each of the side walls of the cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d and the cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d each having a thickness T2 equal to the thickness T1 of the side edge; two apertures, a superior aperture is disposed adjacent to a top edge longitudinally aligned along a y\u2014axis a distance along the solid field portion from an inferior aperture disposed adjacent to a bottom edge such that the superior aperture and the inferior aperture are each disposed separate and remote from the cut-out hollow ambigram legend; and the superior aperture and the inferior aperture each having an opening with an identical size and structure and means by which the coin body is hung from a displaying device;
selecting a font of the cut-out hollow letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d to form the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cME\u201d sizing to fit in their entirety within the central portion of the solid field portion of the ambigram coin body without extending beyond the edge side of the coin body;
programming the font into the computer;
programming the plasma cutter to cut a multiple of ambigram coins at the same time;
blowing compressed air at high speed out of a nozzle;
forming an electric arc through the compressed air from the nozzle to a steel surface being cut,
heating the compressed air to a plasma such that the plasma melts the steel surface contemporaneously being cut;
moving the electric arc rapidly to blow a molten metal away from the cut;
cutting out the multiple of ambigram coins from the sheet of steel;
tumbling of the cut-out multiple of ambigram coins with an abrasive media by a tumbler for eight hours;
removing the multiple of ambigram coins from the tumbler;
placing the multiple of ambigram coins on a work surface;
air-blowing the multiple of ambigram coins;
wire-brushing each of the multiple of ambigram coins;
inspecting each of the multiple of ambigram coins;
buffing each of the multiple of ambigram coins’ obverse exterior surface and reverse exterior surface; and
smoothing each of the multiple of ambigram coins’ obverse exterior surface and reverse exterior surface
removing impurities, hairlines;
polishing each of the multiple of ambigram coins; and
painting each of the multiple of ambigram coins with a clear finish.
33. The method as recited in claim 32, wherein the apertures are a right aperture and an opposing left aperture each having an opening with identical size and structure, the right aperture disposed adjacent to a right side edge and longitudinally aligned along an x-axis a distance along the solid field portion from the left aperture which is located adjacent to a left side edge such that the right aperture and the left aperture each are disposed separate and remote from the cut-out hollow ambigram legend.
34. The method as recited in claim 33, wherein the material used in manufacturing the ambigram coin can be selected from any one of the group comprising wood, plastic, resin, bone or stone, precious minerals, gold, platinum, silver, bronze, copper, brass, nickel, pewter, wrought iron, iron, lead, aluminum, steel and stainless steel, bimetallic, bouillon, alloy, jade, and crystals.
35. The method as recited in claim 33, wherein polishing can include any one of the polishing steps selected from the group powder-coating, polishing, electroplating with silver or gold, chroming, or anodizing to color and harden as with aluminum.
36. The method as recited in claim 33, wherein painting the ambigram coin can include a paint for metal in a clear finish, metallic finish, or a plurality of colors.
37. The ambigram coin as recited in claim 1, wherein the ambigram coin can be manufactured by any one of the methods selected from the group comprising stamping, casting, laser cutting, wood carving, punching, sheering, flame cutting, forging, routing, machining or three-dimensional printing.
38. A kit, comprising:
a at least one ambigram coin comprising:
a coin body including a solid field portion having an obverse side and a reverse side, bound by a circumferential edge side, the coin body having a medial x-axis and a medial y-axis; the obverse side having a diameter equal to the diameter of the reverse side; the circumferential edge side having a thickness T1; an obverse exterior surface having a surface area equal to a reverse surface area; the solid field portion rigidly retains a cut-out hollow ambigram legend in a central portion;
the cut-out hollow ambigram legend having a cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d aligned a distance along the solid field portion from a cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x-axis in a vertical obverse display position to form the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cME\u201d such that vertically rotating the coin body a measure of 180 degrees about the medial x-axis to a vertical reverse display position the cut-out hollow ambigram legend has the cut-out hollow letter \u201cW\u201d and the cut-out letter \u201cE\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x-axis to form the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cWE\u201d; the cut-out hollow letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d bordered by internal side walls which circumscribe each of the letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d are sized to fit in its entirety within the solid field portion of the coin body without extending beyond the edge side;
each of the side walls of the cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d and the cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d each having a thickness T2 equal to the thickness T1 of the side edge;
a superior aperture is disposed adjacent to a top edge longitudinally aligned along a y\u2014axis a distance along the solid field from an inferior aperture disposed adjacent to a bottom edge such that the superior aperture and the inferior aperture are each disposed separate and remote from the cut-out hollow ambigram legend; and
the superior aperture and the inferior aperture each having an opening with identical size and structure and means by which the ambigram coin is hung from a displaying device;
at least one displaying as a means to display the ambigram coin;
at least one pocket for maintaining the ambigram coin therein, wherein the displaying device extends therefrom the top edge so that a person can easily retrieve the ambigram coin from the pocket;
a letter authored and signed by a gifting person to a specific recipient person;
a printed gift card including indicia and instructions;
a box for retaining elements, the elements, comprising: the ambigram coin assembled to the displaying device, the printed gift card including indicia and instructions, the letter authored and signed by the gifting person to the specific recipient person, and the pocket.
39. A kit comprising:
a plurality of ambigram coins each of the ambigram coin comprising:
a coin body including a solid field portion having an obverse side and a reverse side, bound by a circumferential edge side, the coin body having a medial x-axis and a medial y-axis; the obverse side having a diameter equal to the diameter of the reverse side; the circumferential edge side having a thickness T1; an obverse exterior surface having a surface area equal to a reverse surface area; the solid field portion rigidly retains a cut-out hollow ambigram legend in a central portion;
the cut-out hollow ambigram legend having a cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d aligned a distance along the solid field portion from a cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x-axis in a vertical obverse display position to form the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cME\u201d such that vertically rotating the coin body a measure of 180 degrees about the medial x-axis to a vertical reverse display position the cut-out hollow ambigram legend has the cut-out hollow letter \u201cW\u201d and the cut-out letter \u201cE\u201d being ordered horizontally right to left along the medial x-axis to form the cut-out hollow ambigram \u201cWE\u201d; the cut-out hollow letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d bordered by internal side walls which circumscribe each of the letters \u201cM\u201d and \u201cE\u201d are sized to fit in its entirety within the solid field portion of the coin body without extending beyond the edge side;
each of the side walls of the cut-out hollow letter \u201cM\u201d and the cut-out hollow letter \u201cE\u201d each having a thickness T2 equal to the thickness T1 of the side edge;
a superior aperture is disposed adjacent to a top edge longitudinally aligned along a y\u2014axis a distance along the solid field portion from an inferior aperture disposed adjacent to a bottom edge such that such that the superior aperture and the inferior aperture are each disposed separate and remote from the cut-out hollow ambigram legend; and
the superior aperture and the inferior aperture each having an opening with identical size and structure and means by which the ambigram coin is hung from a displaying device;
a plurality of displaying devices;
a plurality of connecting devices as a means to couple the displaying device to the ambigram coin so that a user can wear the ambigram coin as jewelry;
at least one connecting device for coupling to the anterior aperture whereby the displaying device can be passed therethrough a coupler of the connecting device;
at least one connecting device for coupling to the inferior aperture whereby the displaying device can be passed therethrough a coupler of the connecting device;
a plurality of pockets each of which comprising a fastening means for maintaining the ambigram coin therein,
wherein the displaying device extends therefrom the top edge so that a person can easily retrieve the ambigram coin from the pocket;
a plurality of printed gift cards including indicia and instructions;
a plurality of letters written by a gifting person to a variety of recipient persons; and
a plurality of boxes for retaining elements, wherein each of the plurality of boxes includes the elements, comprising: the ambigram coin assembled to the displaying device, the printed gift card including indicia and instructions, the letter written by the gifting person, and the pocket.
40. The kit as recited in claim 39, wherein:
each of the ambigram coin including a right aperture disposed adjacent to a right side edge and longitudinally aligned along an x-axis a distance along the solid field portion from a left aperture which is located adjacent to a left side edge such that the right aperture and the left aperture are each disposed remotely from the cut-out hollow ambigram legend; the right aperture and the left aperture each having an opening with identical size and structure and means by which the ambigram coin is connected to a right vertical rotatable connecting device and a left vertical rotatable connecting device; and a distal end of the right rotatable connecting device fixed to a first end of the displaying device and a distal end of the left rotatable connecting device fixed to a second end of the displaying device so that the ambigram coin can be displayed in a selected vertical display position.