1. An integral assembly having a coolant reservoir and an air cleaner for an automotive vehicle, comprising:
a mounting bracket for attaching said integral assembly to an engine compartment structure of an automotive vehicle;
an air cleaner base formed integrally with said mounting bracket, with said air cleaner base having a plurality of sidewalls and a floor extending from said mounting bracket such that said mounting bracket comprises one wall of said air cleaner base;
a coolant reservoir having a lower portion formed integrally with said mounting bracket, and with said lower portion being supported by said mounting bracket and by one of said sidewalls of said air cleaner base.
2. An integral assembly according to claim 1, further comprising an upper portion of said coolant reservoir which is attached to said lower portion of said coolant reservoir.
3. An integral assembly according to claim 2, wherein said upper portion of said coolant reservoir comprises unfilled molded polypropylene.
4. An integral assembly according to claim 3, wherein said upper portion of said coolant reservoir is welded to said lower portion of said coolant reservoir.
5. An integral assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of reinforcing ribs extending from said lower portion of said coolant reservoir to the sidewall supporting said coolant reservoir.
6. An integral assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of reinforcing ribs extending from said lower portion of said coolant reservoir to said mounting bracket.
7. An integral assembly according to claim 1, wherein said mounting bracket comprises an outer wall backed by a plurality of reinforcing ribs.
8. An integral assembly according to claim 1, wherein said integral assembly is molded from polypropylene.
9. An integral assembly according to claim 1, wherein said integral assembly is molded from glass-filled polypropylene.
10. An integral assembly according to claim 1, further comprising an air cleaner cover which is removably attached to said air cleaner base, and with said air cleaner cover having at least one air outlet.
11. An integral assembly according to claim 10, wherein said upper portion of said air cleaner is formed from polyamide.
12. An integral assembly according to claim 1, wherein said lower portion of said coolant reservoir has at least one fluid connector.
13. An integral assembly according to claim 1, further comprising an air inlet horn extending through said mounting bracket to the interior of said air cleaner base.
14. An integral assembly according to claim 13, wherein said air inlet horn is detachable from said air cleaner base.
15. An integral assembly according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of ported reinforcing ribs extending through said lower portion of said coolant reservoir.
16. An assembly having an engine coolant reservoir and an air cleaner for an automotive vehicle, comprising:
a base structure comprising:
an integral mounting bracket for attaching said assembly to an engine compartment structure of an automotive vehicle;
an air cleaner having a base molded integrally with said mounting bracket, with said air cleaner base having a plurality of sidewalls and a floor extending from said mounting bracket such that said mounting bracket comprises an additional wall of said air cleaner;
an engine coolant reservoir having a lower portion molded integrally with said mounting bracket and with said air cleaner base, and with said lower portion of said coolant reservoir being supported by said mounting bracket and by one of said sidewalls of said air cleaner;
a cover which is removably attached to said air cleaner base;
an air filter element positioned within said air cleaner between said air cleaner base and said cover;
an air inlet horn extending through said mounting bracket and into a portion of said air cleaner base underlying said filter element;
an air outlet extending from said air cleaner cover;
an air flow meter mounted within said air outlet; and
a coolant reservoir upper portion attached to said lower portion of said coolant reservoir.
17. An assembly according to claim 16, wherein said assembly is molded from glass-filled polypropylene.
18. An assembly according to claim 17, wherein said polypropylene is filled with glass in a range of 25\u201335 percent.
19. An assembly according to claim 16, wherein said air inlet horn is removable from said air cleaner base.
20. An automotive vehicle, comprising:
an engine compartment;
an engine cooling radiator mounted within said engine compartment;
an integral coolant reservoir and air cleaner base structure comprising:
an integral mounting bracket for attaching said base structure to a mounting structure within said engine compartment;
an air cleaner having a base molded integrally with said mounting bracket, with said air cleaner base having a plurality of sidewalls and a floor extending from said mounting bracket such that said mounting bracket comprises an additional wall of said air cleaner; and
an engine coolant reservoir having a lower portion molded integrally with said mounting bracket and with said air cleaner base, and with said lower portion of said coolant reservoir being supported by said mounting bracket and by one of said sidewalls of said air cleaner;
a cover which is removably attached to said air cleaner base;
an air filter element positioned within said air cleaner between said air cleaner base and said cover;
an air inlet horn extending through said mounting bracket and into a portion of said air cleaner base underlying said filter element;
an air outlet extending from said air cleaner cover;
an air flow meter mounted within said air outlet; and
a coolant reservoir upper portion attached to said lower portion of said coolant reservoir.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
What is claimed is:
1. A method for enantioselectively reducing a prochiral carbon centred radical having one or more electron donor groups attached directly to the central prochiral carbon atom of the radical, andor attached to a carbon atom within 1 to 4 atoms of the central prochiral carbon atom, comprising treating said radical with a chiral non-racemic organotin hydride in the presence of a Lewis acid.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electron donor group is attached directly to the central prochiral carbon atom or to a carbon atom within 1 or 2 atoms of the central prochiral carbon atom.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the prochiral carbon centred radical is a prochiral amino acid carbon centred radical wherein the central prochiral carbon atom is an -carbon atom of an -amino acid or a -carbon atom of an -amino acid.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the prochiral carbon centred radical is generated from a radical precursor selected from the group consisting of: aryl selenides, aryl sulphides, aryl tellurides, xanthates, thionoformates, Barton esters and tertiary chiral halosubstrates.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the electron donor group is a carbonyl group.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the organotin hydride is selected from the group consisting of:
8
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the Lewis acid is selected from the group consisting of: AlCl3, Me3A1, BF3, BBr3, BCl3, Ln(OTf)3, TiCl4, FeCl3, ZnCl2, zirconocene dichloride, trialkylborates and (S,S)- and (R,R)-()-N,N-bis (3,5-di-tert-butylsalycidene)-1,2-diaminocyclohexamanganese (III) chloride.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the Lewis acid is provided in the form of a Lewis adduct.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the Lewis adduct is selected from the group consisting of BF3.(Et2O)2 and ZnCl2.(Et2O)2.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the Lewis acid is used in an amount of about 0.9 to about 2.0 molar equivalents per prochiral carbon centred radical to be reduced.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein the Lewis acid is used in an amount of about 0.9 to about 1.1 molar equivalents per prochiral carbon centred radical to be reduced.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein the organotin hydride is used in an amount of about 0.5 to about 1.5 molar equivalents per prochiral carbon centred radical to be reduced.
13. The method of claim 1, wherein the organotin hydride is immobilized onto a solid support.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the Lewis acid has a solubility, under the reaction conditions employed, of at least about 0.1 molar equivalents per prochiral carbon centred radical to be reduced.
15. A method for enantioselectively reducing a prochiral carbon centred radical having one or more electron donor groups attached directly to the central prochiral carbon atom of the radical, andor attached to a carbon atom within 1 to 4 atoms of the central prochiral carbon atom, comprising treating said radical with a chiral non-racemic organotin hydride in the presence of a Lewis acidic alkaline earth metal compound.
16. The method of claim 15, wherein the electron donor group is attached directly to the central prochiral carbon atom or to a carbon atom within 1 or 2 atoms of the central prochiral carbon atom.
17. The method of claim 15, wherein the prochiral carbon centred radical is a prochiral amino acid carbon centred radical wherein the central prochiral carbon atom is an -carbon atom of an -amino acid or a -carbon atom of an -amino acid.
18. The method of claim 15, wherein the prochiral carbon centred radical is generated from a radical precursor selected from the group consisting of: aryl selenides, aryl sulphides, aryl tellurides, xanthates, thionoformates, Barton esters and tertiary chiral halosubstrates.
19. The method of claim 15, wherein the electron donor group is a carbonyl group.
20. The method of claim 15, wherein the organotin hydride is selected from the group consisting of:
9
21. The method of claim 15, wherein the alkaline earth metal compound is a Lewis acidic magnesium compound.
22. The method of claim 21, wherein the Lewis acidic magnesium compound is selected from the group consisting of MgBr2, MgI2, Mg(OAc)2, Mg(OTf)2.
23. The method of claim 21, wherein the Lewis acidic magnesium compound has a solubility, under the reaction conditions employed, of at least about 0.1 molar equivalents per prochiral carbon centred radical to be reduced.
24. The method of claim 21, wherein the Lewis acidic magnesium compound has a solubility, under the reaction conditions employed, of about 2.0 molar equivalents per prochiral carbon centred radical to be reduced.
25. The method of claim 21, wherein the Lewis acidic magnesium compound is provided in the form of a Lewis adduct.
26. The method of claim 21, wherein the Lewis acidic magnesium compound is MgBr2.
27. The method of claim 25, wherein the Lewis adduct is MgBr2.(Et2O)2.
28. The method of claim 15, wherein the Lewis acidic alkaline earth metal compound is used in an amount of about 0.9 to about 2.0 molar equivalents per prochiral carbon centred radical to be reduced.
29. The method of claim 15, wherein the Lewis acidic alkaline earth metal compound is used in an amount of about 2.0 molar equivalents per prochiral carbon centred radical to be reduced.
30. The method of claim 21, wherein the Lewis acidic magnesium compound is used in an amount of about 0.9 to about 2.0 molar equivalents per prochiral carbon centred radical to be reduced.
31. The method of claim 21, wherein the Lewis acidic magnesium compound is used in an amount of about 2.0 molar equivalents per prochiral carbon centred radical to be reduced.
32. The method of claim 15, wherein the organotin hydride is used in an amount of about 0.5 to about 1.5 molar equivalents per prochiral carbon centred radical to be reduced.
33. The method of claim 15, wherein the organotin hydride is immobilized onto a solid support.