Author: claimsbot

1. A piston cooling sprayer for internal combustion engines, including a sprayer body with an axial passage through it in which are accommodated a tubular guide liner with an axial passage through it and a valve that cooperates with a main seat and a return spring, the sprayer body having an upstream section conformed to be connected to an engine cooling fluid feed passage, an intermediate section with at least one radial outlet passage and one fluid outlet tube, and a downstream retaining section, the tubular guide liner being fixed coaxially in the axial through-passage and having an upstream section leaving a peripheral space for the axial passage of fluid between its external surface and the internal surface of the axial through-passage and between the main seat and the radial outlet passage, the valve sliding axially in the axial passage through the tubular guide liner toward and away from the main seat and being urged axially toward the main seat by the return spring accommodated in the axial passage through the tubular guide liner,
wherein:
the main seat is formed in the mass of the sprayer body by a shoulder in the axial through-passage,
the tubular guide liner comprises a downstream liner section fixed in the downstream retaining section of the sprayer body beyond the radial outlet passage,
the upstream section of the tubular guide liner terminates in an upstream end that is axially set back from the main seat, in the downstream direction, to define an annular fluid passage between the main seat and the peripheral space.
2. The sprayer according to claim 1, wherein the downstream section of the tubular guide liner comprises an annular end flange crimped in a downstream section with a shoulder of the axial through-passage, in the downstream retaining section of the sprayer body.
3. The sprayer according to claim 2, wherein the annular end flange is retained in the downstream section with a shoulder of the axial through-passage by bending an end skirt of the sprayer body over the downstream end face of the annular end flange.
4. The sprayer according to claim 2, wherein the upstream section of the tubular guide liner is centred coaxially in the axial through-passage of the sprayer body by radial excrescences bearing on the wall of the axial through-passage.
5. The sprayer according to claim 4, wherein the downstream retaining section of the sprayer body has a length just sufficient for accommodating and crimping the annular end flange of the tubular guide liner beyond the radial outlet passage.
6. The sprayer according to claim 2, wherein the downstream section of the tubular guide liner comprises a centring section engaged in a corresponding bore of the axial through-passage, in the downstream retaining section of the sprayer body.
7. The sprayer according to claim 1, wherein the tubular guide liner comprises, in its axial through-passage, a downstream constricting shoulder against which is engaged a return coil spring urging the valve toward the main seat and continued by a vent.
8. The sprayer according to claim 1, wherein the tubular guide liner comprises, from its upstream end, a guiding bore in which the valve slides with a small functional clearance and that is limited by a shoulder forming a rear seat against which the valve bears in sealed fashion when it is pushed back by the fluid under pressure.
9. The sprayer according to claim 8, wherein the rear seat is disposed so that, when the valve is bearing on the rear seat, it frees a just sufficient section of the annular fluid passage for the required flow of the cooling fluid.
10. The sprayer according to claim 1, wherein the valve is a piston or a ball.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A method for making a complementary comb filter pair, wherein the complementary comb filter pair comprises a first comb filter element having at least one stop band having a center position and a second comb filter element having at least one stop band having a center position, wherein the complementary comb filter pair is to be used to filter electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength range, comprising:
determining a constant multiplicitive factor M, according to the formula M2nshortlong;
wherein n is the number of stop bands of each comb filter of the complementary comb filter pair, short is the shortest wavelength of the wavelength range and long is the longest wavelength of the wavelength range.
2. A product prepared in accordance with the method of claim 1.
3. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the first comb filter element has a first wavelength transmission profile and the second comb filter element has a second wavelength transmission profile, wherein the first wavelength transmission profile is complementary to the second wavelength transmission profile.
4. The invention according to claim 1, wherein the center position of the stop band of the first comb filter element having the longest wavelength is calculated according to the formula along2M(M1), wherein a is the center position of the stop band of the first comb filter element having the longest wavelength, long is the longest wavelength of the wavelength range, and M is the constant multiplicitive factor.
5. The invention according to claim 4, wherein the center position of the stop band of the second comb filter element having the longest wavelength is calculated according to the formula baM, wherein b is the center position of the stop band of the second comb filter element having the longest wavelength, a is the center position of the stop band of the first comb filter element having the longest wavelength, and M is the constant multiplicitive factor.
6. The invention according to claim 1, wherein a masking agent is disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the second comb filter element.
7. The invention according to claim 1, wherein a dielectric coating is disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the first and second comb filter elements.
8. The invention according to claim 7, wherein the dielectric coating is disposed on the at least a portion of the surface of the first comb filter element to a first depth and the dielectric coating is disposed on the at least a portion of the surface of the second comb filter element to a second depth, wherein the difference in the deposition depth of the dielectric coating of the first comb filter element and the second filter element is calculated according to the formula 1-M, wherein M is the constant multiplicitive factor.
9. A method for making a complementary comb filter pair, wherein the complementary comb filter pair comprises a first comb filter element having at least one stop band having a center position and a second comb filter element having at least one stop band having a center position, wherein the complementary comb filter pair is to be used to filter electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength range, comprising:
determining a constant multiplicitive factor M, according to the formula M2nshortlong;
wherein n is the number of stop bands of each comb filter of the complementary comb filter pair, short is the shortest wavelength of the wavelength range and long is the longest wavelength of the wavelength range; and
calculating the center position of the stop band of the first comb filter element having the longest wavelength according to the formula along2M(M1);
wherein a is the center position of the stop band of the first comb filter element having the longest wavelength, long is the longest wavelength of the wavelength range, and M is the constant multiplicitive factor.
10. A product prepared in accordance with the method of claim 9.
11. The invention according to claim 9, wherein the first comb filter element has a first wavelength transmission profile and the second comb filter element has a second wavelength transmission profile, wherein the first wavelength transmission profile is complementary to the second wavelength transmission profile.
12. The invention according to claim 9, wherein the center position of the stop band of the second comb filter element having the longest wavelength is calculated according to the formula baM, wherein b is the center position of the stop band of the second comb filter element having the longest wavelength, a is the center position of the stop band of the first comb filter element having the longest wavelength, and M is the constant multiplicitive factor.
13. The invention according to claim 9, wherein a masking agent is disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the second comb filter element.
14. The invention according to claim 9, wherein a dielectric coating is disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the first and second comb filter elements.
15. The invention according to claim 14, wherein the dielectric coating is disposed on the at least a portion of the surface of the first comb filter element to a first depth and the dielectric coating is disposed on the at least a portion of the surface of the second comb filter element to a second depth, wherein the difference in the deposition depth of the dielectric coating of the first comb filter element and the second filter element is calculated according to the formula 1-M, wherein M is the constant multiplicitive factor.
16. A method for making a complementary comb filter pair, wherein the complementary comb filter pair comprises a first comb filter element having at least one stop band having a center position and a second comb filter element having at least one stop band having a center position, wherein the complementary comb filter pair is to be used to filter electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength range, comprising:
determining a constant multiplicitive factor M, according to the formula M2nshortlong;
wherein n is the number of stop bands of each comb filter of the complementary comb filter pair, short is the shortest wavelength of the wavelength range and long is the longest wavelength of the wavelength range;
calculating the center position of the stop band of the first comb filter element having the longest wavelength according to the formula along2M(M1);
wherein a is the center position of the stop band of the first comb filter element having the longest wavelength, long is the longest wavelength of the wavelength range, and M is the constant multiplicitive factor; and
calculating the center position of the stop band of the second comb filter element having the longest wavelength according to the formula baM;
wherein b is the center position of the stop band of the second comb filter element having the longest wavelength, a is the center position of the stop band of the first comb filter element having the longest wavelength, and M is the constant multiplicitive factor.
17. A product prepared in accordance with the method of claim 16.
18. The invention according to claim 16, wherein the first comb filter element has a first wavelength transmission profile and the second comb filter element has a second wavelength transmission profile, wherein the first wavelength transmission profile is complementary to the second wavelength transmission profile.
19. The invention according to claim 16, wherein a masking agent is disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the second comb filter element.
20. The invention according to claim 16, wherein a dielectric coating is disposed on at least a portion of a surface of the first and second comb filter elements.
21. The invention according to claim 20, wherein the dielectric coating is disposed on the at least a portion of the surface of the first comb filter element to a first depth and the dielectric coating is disposed on the at least a portion of the surface of the second comb filter element to a second depth, wherein the difference in the deposition depth of the dielectric coating of the first comb filter element and the second filter element is calculated according to the formula 1-M, wherein M is the constant multiplicitive factor.

1. A method of producing monodisperse non-hollow mesoporous silica spheres having a diameter of greater than or equal to about 3 \u03bcm and less than or equal to about 50 \u03bcm comprising:
combining a precursor aqueous or alcohol based solution comprising tetraethylorthosilicate with an amphiphile to form a sol;
creating monodisperse droplets of said sol using a vibrating orifice aerosol generator,
mixing a volume of the monodisperse droplets with a volume of dry air, wherein the volume of dry air is larger than the volume of monodisperse droplets;
evaporating solvent from said monodisperse droplets of said sol to induce self-assembly of said amphiphile in said monodisperse spheres;
heating to promote condensation of said tetraethylorthosilicate to produce said silica; and
removal of said amphiphile by thermal or chemical means; to produce a monodisperse population of non-hollow mesoporous silica spheres having a diameter of greater than or equal to about 3 \u03bcm and less than or equal to about 50 \u03bcm.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said amphiphile comprises a surfactant.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said surfactant comprises cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein said surfactant comprises Brij-58.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein said amphiphile comprises a block copolymer.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein said block copolymer comprises (ethylene oxide)106(propylene oxide)70(ethylene oxide)106.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein said monodisperse mesoporous silica spheres have a diameter between about 3 and about 10 \u03bcm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein said monosdisperse mesoporous silica spheres have at least one pore has having a diameter between about 2 and about 10 nm.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein said tetraethylorthosilicate comprises a pre-hydrolyzed acidic tetraethylorthosilicate.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein said tetraethylorthosilicate comprises an acidic aqueous tetraethylorthosilicate.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein said vibrating orifice aerosol generator comprises an orifice with a diameter from about 10 \u03bcm to about 100 \u03bcm.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein said monodisperse mesoporous silica spheres comprise a plurality of pores.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein said plurality of pores comprise hexagonally-packed tubular pore bundles.
14. The method of claim 12, wherein near the surface of said monodisperse mesoporous silica spheres, said pores are oriented parallel to said surface.
15. The method of claim 12, wherein near the surface of said monodisperse mesoporous silica spheres, said pores are oriented perpendicular to said surface.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein said sol further comprises a swelling agent.
17. The method of claim 16, wherein said swelling agent comprises trimethylbenzene.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein said trimethylbenzene and said tetraethylorthosilicate are in a ratio of about 1:1 mol.
19. The method of claim 1, wherein said sol further comprises an organic additive that influences mesophase behavior.
20. The method of claim 19, wherein said organic agent comprises trimethylbenzene.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein said trimethylbenzene and said tetraethylorthosilicate are in a ratio of about 1:1 mol.
22. The method of claim 1 wherein the spheres in the monodisperse population of non-hollow mesoporous silica spheres are unaggregated.
23. The method of claim 1 wherein the monodisperse non-hollow mesoporous silica spheres have a diameter equal to or greater than about 10 \u03bcm and equal to or less than about 50 \u03bcm.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An orthogonality compensating device that compensates for orthogonality between a real signal and an imaginary signal of complex digital intermediate frequency signals, the orthogonality compensating device comprising:
a first processing unit that outputs a first signal obtained by calculating one of the real signal and the imaginary signal by using a first coefficient and a second coefficient; and
a coefficient specifying unit that specifies the first coefficient such that the first signal has the same amplitude as the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal, and specifies the second coefficient such that the first signal is orthogonal to the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal, by using the first signal and the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal.
2. The orthogonality compensating device according to claim 1, wherein the first processing unit generates the first signal by using a signal obtained by multiplying the one of the real signal and the imaginary signal by the first coefficient and a signal obtained by multiplying the one of the real signal and the imaginary signal by the second coefficient.
3. The orthogonality compensating device according to claim 1, further comprising:
a second processing unit that outputs a second signal obtained by processing the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal.
4. The orthogonality compensating device according to claim 2, further comprising:
a second processing unit that outputs a second signal obtained by processing the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal.
5. The orthogonality compensating device according to claim 3, wherein
the second processing unit generates the second signal by multiplying the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal by a third coefficient, and
the coefficient specifying unit specifies the third coefficient such that the first signal has the same amplitude as the second signal.
6. The orthogonality compensating device according to claim 4, wherein
the second processing unit generates the second signal by multiplying the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal by a third coefficient, and
the coefficient specifying unit specifies the third coefficient such that the first signal has the same amplitude as the second signal.
7. The orthogonality compensating device according to claim 3, wherein
the first processing unit generates a delayed signal by delaying the signal obtained by multiplying the one of the real signal and the imaginary signal by the first coefficient, and adds the delayed signal and the signal obtained by multiplying the one of the real signal and the imaginary signal by the second coefficient, to thereby generate the first signal,
the second processing unit generates the second signal by delaying the signal obtained by multiplying the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal by the third coefficient,
the coefficient specifying unit specifies the third coefficient such that the first signal has the same amplitude as the second signal.
8. The orthogonality compensating device according to claim 3, wherein
the first processing unit generates a delayed signal by delaying the signal obtained by multiplying the one of the real signal and the imaginary signal by the first coefficient, and adds the delayed signal and the signal obtained by multiplying the one of the real signal and the imaginary signal by the second coefficient, to thereby generate the first signal, and
the second processing unit generates the second signal by delaying the other of the real signal and the imaginary.
9. The orthogonality compensating device according to claim 1, further comprising a revision signal generator that generates a revision signal,
wherein the coefficient specifying unit includes a coefficient corrector that holds a revision value of at least one of the first coefficient, the second coefficient, and the third coefficient, the revision value being calculated based on the revision signal, an initial value of the at least one coefficient, the initial value being calculated based on a received signal, and an elapsed value of the at least one coefficient, the elapsed value being calculated based on a received signal that is received after a lapse of a given time since the calculation of the initial value, calculates a correction amount with the lapse of time by using the initial value and the elapsed value, and updates a value obtained by adding the revision value and the correction value as the at least one coefficient.
10. The orthogonality compensating device according to claim 9, wherein the coefficient corrector includes:
a register unit that holds the revision value, the initial value, and the elapsed value; and
a calculator that calculates an amount of temperature drift with the elapsed time as the correction amount by using the initial value and the elapsed value, and adds the amount of temperature drift to the revision value.
11. The orthogonality compensating device according to claim 1, wherein the coefficient specifying unit specifies a permissible range of the second coefficient, and specifies the value of the second coefficient in the specified range.
12. The orthogonality compensating device according to claim 11, wherein the coefficient specifying unit specifies a permissible range of at least one of the first coefficient and the third coefficient, and specifies the value of at least one of the first coefficient and the third coefficient in the specified range.
13. A radio receiving device comprising:
a frequency converter that obtains complex intermediate frequency signals depending on a frequency of a received signal by using a local signal represented by a complex signal;
a quantizer that transforms the complex intermediate frequency signals to complex digital intermediate frequency signals;
an orthogonal compensator that compensates for orthogonality between a real signal and an imaginary signal of the complex digital intermediate frequency signals by using the orthogonality compensating device according to claim 1;
a complex mixer that divides the real signal and the imaginary signal compensated for by the orthogonal compensator into a desired frequency signal and an image frequency signal in accordance with a frequency range, the image frequency signal falling within a range of an image frequency having a complex conjugate relationship with a frequency of the desired frequency signal; and
a detector that detects a signal output from the complex mixer.
14. An orthogonality compensating method that compensates for orthogonality between a real signal and an imaginary signal of complex digital intermediate frequency signals, the orthogonality compensating method comprising:
outputting a first signal obtained by calculating one of the real signal and the imaginary signal by using a first coefficient and a second coefficient;
specifying the first coefficient such that the first signal has the same amplitude as the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal, by using the first signal and the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal, and
specifying the second coefficient such that the first signal is orthogonal to the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal.
15. A non-transitory computer readable medium that stores a program to compensate for orthogonality between a real signal and an imaginary signal of complex digital intermediate frequency signals, the program causing a computer to execute processing comprising:
a first processing that outputs a first signal obtained by calculating one of the real signal and the imaginary signal by using a first coefficient and a second coefficient; and
a coefficient specifying processing that specifies the first coefficient such that the first signal has the same amplitude as the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal, and specifies the second coefficient such that the first signal is orthogonal to the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal, by using the first signal and the other of the real signal and the imaginary signal.