Author: claimsbot

1. A turning device for graphic publishing products in a conveyor line andor packaging machine that can be combined with a push conveyor (14) for the advancement of products (11) spaced out one after the other, characterised in that it includes a supporting member (16) bearing, in sequence, a first conveyor unit (17) to pickup at least one of the products (11) off the conveyor line, a grasping and turnover unit (18) of at least one of said products (11), a second conveyor unit (19) to deposit at least one of said products (11) turned upside down on said conveyor line, said conveyor units (17, 19) being operated to advance in phase with the push conveyor (14) and being movable between working and disengaged positions with said conveyor line.
2. A device as in claim 1, characterised in that each of said first and second conveyor units (17, 19) each include two pairs of upper (20) and lower (21) belts, ring wrapped, facing each other and spaced out so as to allow the passage of said pushers (14), when said conveyor units (17, 19) are in a lowered working position.
3. A device as in claim 2, characterised in that said first conveyor unit (17) for picking up at least one of said products (11) has lamina deflection guides (32) lined up with the entrance of the lower belts (21), which rest on the guide surface (12).
4. A device as in claim 2, characterised in that said pairs of upper (20) and lower (21) belts are driven by a motor (22) and a chain transmission (23, 24).
5. A device as in claim 1, characterised in that said grasping and turnover unit (18) of at least one of said products (11) includes a bearing member (26), turnable through 180, aligned with said conveyor units (17, 19).
6. A device as in claim 1, characterised in that said turnable grasping and turnover unit (18) also supports two pairs of upper (28) and lower (29) belts, ring wrapped, facing each other and spaced out and set to turn, unit (18) being aligned with said conveyor units (17, 19).
7. A device as in claim 6, characterised in that said pairs of upper (28) and lower (29) belts of said grasping and turnover unit (18) are kept blocked during unit rotation.
8. A device as in claim 5, characterised in that said turnable grasping and turnover unit (18) also supports two pairs of upper (28) and lower (29) belts, ring wrapped, facing each other and spaced out and set to turn, unit (18) being aligned with said conveyor units (17, 19).
9. A device as in claim 8, characterised in that said pairs of upper (28) and lower (29) belts of said grasping and turnover unit (18) are kept blocked during unit rotation.
10. A turning method for graphic publishing products using a device according to claim 1, characterised in that it envisages the stages of pickup off the conveyor surface (12, 14) of at least one product (11) to be turned upside down by a first conveyor unit (17), insert said product(s) (11) in a grasping and turnover unit (18) and block it in said unit (18) and then turn it 180, disengage at least one of said products (11) from said grasping and turnover unit (18) and feed at least one of said products (11) turned upside down into a second conveyor unit (19), which releases it on said conveyor surface (12, 14).

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. An explosive tool, comprising:
a body structure for connecting into a work string for conveyance into a wellbore;
a charge to perforate a wall of the body structure when the charge is ignited;
a detonator to ignite the charge via propagation of thermal energy when the detonator is actuated;
a pressure actuated safety to prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge when the pressure actuated safety is subjected to a surface pressure and to not prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge when the pressure actuated safety is subjected to at least a predefined pressure threshold; and
a temperature actuated safety to prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge when the temperature actuated safety is subjected to a surface temperature and to not prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge when the temperature actuated safety is subjected to at least a predefined temperature threshold,
wherein the charge, the detonator, the pressure actuated safety, and the temperature actuated safety are contained substantially within the body structure.
2. The explosive tool of claim 1, further including:
a chamber within the body structure containing the detonator;
a chamber within the body structure containing the charge; and
a port between the chamber within the body structure containing the detonator and the chamber within the body structure containing the charge and through which the thermal energy propagates.
3. The explosive tool of claim 1, wherein the explosive tool is a perforating gun.
4. The explosive tool of claim 1, wherein the pressure actuated safety comprises a retractable shaft that is spring loaded to extend, preventing propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge, when the pressure actuated safety is subjected to the surface pressure and to retract, to not prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge, when the pressure actuated safety is subjected to at least the predefined pressure threshold.
5. The explosive tool of claim 4, wherein the temperature actuated safety comprises a rotatable sleeve containing a hole there through that is spring loaded to rotate in a first direction, preventing propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge, when the temperature actuated safety is subjected to the surface temperature and to rotate in a direction opposite the first direction, to not prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge, when the temperature actuated safety is subjected to at least the predefined temperature threshold.
6. The explosive tool of claim 5, wherein the retractable shaft of the pressure actuated safety is positioned within the rotatable sleeve of the temperature actuated safety at least when the retractable shaft is extended.
7. The tool of claim 5, wherein the temperature actuated safety comprises a wax thermostatic element that actuates the rotary movement of the temperature actuated safety in response to temperature.
8. The tool of claim 1, wherein the temperature actuated safety comprises a rotatable shaft coupled transversely to a substantially planar member having a hole there through, wherein when the temperature actuated safety is subjected to a surface temperature, the rotatable shaft rotates the planar member to offset the hole in the planar member to prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge and when the temperature actuated safety is subjected to the predefined downhole temperature, the rotatable shaft rotates the planar member to align the hole in the planar member to not prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge.
9. The tool of claim 1, wherein the temperature actuated safety comprises a retractable shaft that is spring loaded to extend, to prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge, when the temperature actuated safety is subjected to the surface temperature and to retract, to not prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy to ignite the charge, when the temperature actuated safety is subjected to at least the predefined temperature threshold.
10. The tool of claim 1, wherein the temperature actuated safety is constructed with a keying feature that impedes installation of the temperature actuated safety into the body structure in an inoperable alignment.
11. The tool of claim 1, wherein the detonator is electrically activated.
12. A method of assembling an explosive tool, comprising:
installing a detonator inside an explosive tool, wherein the explosive tool is configured for attaching to a work string;
installing a charge inside the explosive tool, wherein the detonator is operable to ignite the charge by thermal energy propagation between the detonator and the charge;
installing a pressure actuated safety that is configured to prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy between the detonator and the charge to ignite the charge when the pressure actuated safety is at surface pressure and to not prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy between the detonator and the charge to ignite the charge when the pressure actuated safety is at at least a predefined pressure threshold; and
installing a temperature actuated safety that is configured to prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy between the detonator and the charge to ignite the charge when the temperature actuated safety is at a surface temperature and to not prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy between the detonator and the charge to ignite the charge when the temperature actuated safety is at at least a predefined temperature threshold.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein installing the charge, installing the detonator, installing the pressure actuated safety, and installing the temperature actuated safety are performed before delivering the explosive tool to a field location.
14. The method of claim 12, further comprising transporting the explosive tool with the detonator, the charge, the pressure actuated safety, and the temperature actuated safety installed in the explosive tool over a public road to a field location.
15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:
coupling the explosive tool to a work string;
running the explosive tool coupled to the work string into a wellbore;
withdrawing the explosive tool coupled to the work string out of the wellbore, wherein the detonator of the explosive tool remains in an unfired state;
decoupling the explosive tool from the work string; and
transporting the explosive tool over a public road away from the field location.
16. The method of claim 12, further comprising transporting the explosive tool with the detonator, the charge, the pressure actuated safety, and the temperature actuated safety installed in the explosive tool in part via an airborne vehicle to a field location.
17. The method of claim 12, wherein the explosive tool is a perforating gun.
18. The method of claim 12, wherein the explosive tool is a perforating gun downhole oilfield tool.
19. The method of claim 12, wherein the detonator is installed in a first chamber of the explosive tool, the charge is installed in a second chamber of the explosive tool, and the detonator is operable to ignite the charge by thermal energy propagation through a port coupling the first chamber to the second chamber.
20. A method of transporting an armed explosive tool, comprising:
prior to transporting, assembling and arming an explosive tool comprising a detonator, an explosive charge, a pressure actuated safety that is configured in a safed condition to prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy from the detonator to the explosive charge to ignite the explosive charge, and a temperature actuated safety that is configured in a safed condition to prevent propagation of sufficient thermal energy from the detonator to the explosive charge to ignite the explosive charge; and
transporting the armed explosive tool to a field location by at least one of transportation over a public road and transportation via airborne vehicle.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising:
coupling the armed explosive tool to a work string;
running the explosive tool coupled to the work string into a wellbore;
withdrawing the explosive tool coupled to the work string out of the wellbore, wherein the detonator of the explosive tool remains in an unfired state;
decoupling the explosive tool from the work string; and
transporting the explosive tool over a public road away from the field location.
22. The method of claim 20, wherein the armed explosive tool is a perforation gun.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein the perforation gun is a downhole oil field tool.
24. The method of claim 20 wherein the detonator is electrically activated.

1. A method of preparing ester-substituted diaryl carbonates, said method having a contact time, said method comprising contacting an ester-substituted phenol with phosgene and a phase transfer catalyst in the presence of an organic solvent and an aqueous phase wherein the aqueous phase is maintained at a pH of at least about 9.3 throughout the contact time, said phosgene being used in an amount corresponding to between about 0.95 and about 1.20 moles of phosgene per mole of product ester-substituted phenol diarylcarbonate.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein said ester-substituted diaryl carbonate has structure I
wherein R1 is independently at each occurrence C1-C20 alkyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkyl radical or C4-C20 aromatic radical, R2 is independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, cyano group, nitro group, C1-C20 alkyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkyl radical, C4-C20 aromatic radical, C1-C20 alkoxy radical, C4-C20 cycloalkoxy radical, C4-C20 arloxy radical, C1-C20 alkylthio radical, C4-C20 cycloalkylthio radical, C4-C20 arylthio radical, C5-C20 alkylsulfinyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkylsulfinyl radical, C4-C20 arylsulfinyl radical, C1-C20 alkylsulfonyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkylsulfonyl radical, C4-C20 arylsulfonyl radical, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkoxycarbonyl radical, C4-C20 aryloxycarbonyl radical, C2-C60 alkylamino radical, C6-C60 cycloalkylamino radical, C5-C60 arylamino radical, C1-C40 alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C4-C40 cycloalkylaminocarbonyl radical, C4-C40 arylaminocarbonyl radical, and C1-C20 acylamino radical; and b is independently at each occurrence an integer 0-4.
3. A method according to claim 2 wherein the ester-substituted diaryl carbonate is bis-methyl salicyl carbonate.
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein said ester-substituted phenol has structure II
wherein R1 is C1-C20 alkyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkyl radical or C4-C20 aromatic radical, R2 is independently at each occurrence a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, cyano group, nitro group, C1-C20 alkyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkyl radical, C4-C20 aromatic radical, C1-C20 alkoxy radical, C4-C20 cycloalkoxy radical, C4-C20 aryloxy radical, C1-C20 alkylthio radical, C4-C20 cycloalkylthio radical, C4-C20 arylthio radical, C1-C20 alkylsulfinyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkylsulfinyl radical, C4-C20 arylsulfinyl radical, C1-C20 alkylsulfonyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkylsulfonyl radical, C4-C20 arylsulfonyl radical, C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkoxycarbonyl radical, C4-C20 aryloxycarbonyl radical, C2-C60 alkylamino radical, C6-C60 cycloalkylamino radical, C5-C60 arylamino radical, C1-C40 alkylaminocarbonyl radical, C4-C40 cycloalkylaminocarbonyl radical, C4-C40 arylaminocarbonyl radical, and C1-C20 acylamino radical; and b is an integer 0-4.
5. A method according to claim 4 wherein said ester-substituted phenol is selected from the group consisting of methyl salicylate, ethyl salicylate, isopropyl salicylate and benzyl salicylate.
6. A method according to claim 1 wherein said phase transfer catalyst comprises a quaternary ammonium compound having structure III
wherein R3-R6 are independently a C1-C20 alkyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkyl radical or a C4-C20 aryl radical and X\u2212 is at least one organic or inorganic anion. Suitable anions X\u2212 include hydroxide, halide, carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, carbonate and bicarbonate.
7. A method according to claim 6 wherein said phase transfer catalyst is selected from the group consisting of methyl tributyl ammonium chloride, tetrabutyl ammonium chloride and decyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.
8. A method according to claim 1 wherein said aqueous phase is maintained at a pH in a range between about 9.3 and about 12.
9. A method according to claim 8 wherein said aqueous phase is maintained at a pH in a range between about 9.3 and about 12 by the addition of aqueous alkali metal hydroxide, aqueous alkaline earth metal hydroxide, or a mixture thereof.
10. A method according to claim 9 wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is sodium hydroxide.
11. A method according to claim 1 wherein said solvent is a halogenated solvent.
12. A method according to claim 11 wherein said halogenated solvent is methylene chloride.
13. A method according to claim 1 wherein said solvent is a non-halogenated solvent.
14. A method according to claim 13 wherein said solvent is toluene.
15. A method according to claim 1 wherein the phase transfer catalyst is present in a range between about 0.1 and about 2 mole percent based upon the number of moles of ester-substituted phenol.
16. A method of preparing ester-substituted diaryl carbonates, said method having a contact time, said method comprising contacting an ester-substituted phenol with phosgene, a phase transfer catalyst, and a tertiary amine, in the presence of an organic solvent and an aqueous phase wherein the aqueous phase is maintained at a pH of at least about 9.3 throughout the contact time, said phosgene being used in an amount corresponding to between about 0.95 and about 1.10 molar equivalents based on said product ester-substituted phenol diarylcarbonate, whereby at least 90% of the ester-substituted phenol is converted into product ester-substituted diaryl carbonate.
17. A method according to claim 16 wherein said phase transfer catalyst comprises a quarternary ammonium compound having structure III
wherein R3-R6 are independently a C1-C20 alkyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkyl radical or a C4-C20 aryl radical and X\u2212 is at least one organic or inorganic anion. Suitable anions X\u2212 include hydroxide, halide, carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, carbonate and bicarbonate.
18. A method according to claim 1 wherein the tertiary amine is selected from the group consisting of triethylamine, diispropyl ethyl amine, tributyl amine, and 1,4-diazabicyclooctane.
19. A method according to claim 18 wherein the amine is triethylamine.
20. A method of preparing bis-methyl salicyl carbonate said method comprising contacting a two phase mixture of a solution of methyl salicylates in methylene chloride and an aqueous phase, with from about 0.95 to about 1.10 molar equivalents of phosgene and from about 0.1 to about 2 molar equivalents of a quaternary ammonium compound, said molar equivalents of phosgene and quaternary ammonium compound being based on the number of moles of methyl salicylate employed, said aqueous phase being maintained at a pH of between about 9.3 and about 12 by the addition of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, whereby at least 90% of the methyl salicylate is converted into product bis-methyl salicyl carbonate.
21. A method according to claim 20 wherein said quarternary ammonium compound has structure III
wherein R3-R6 are independently a C1-C20 cycloalkyl radical, C4-C20 cycloalkyl radical or a C4-C20 aryl radical and X\u2212 is at least one organic or inorganic anion. Suitable anions X\u2212 include hydroxide, halide, carboxylate, sullfonate, sulfate, carbonate and bicarbonate.
22. A method according to claim 21 wherein structure III is methyl tributyl ammonium chloride.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A wick assembly comprising:
an enclosed wick casing extending between a first open end and a second open end;
a wick extending between the first open end and the second open end with at least a portion of the wick surrounded by the wick casing;
a base portion at the first open end, the base portion comprising a peripheral skirt that projects outwardly and downwardly from the wick casing and a textured inner surface that is shaped and sized to conform closely around an upwardly projecting pedestal; and
a restricted portion of the wick casing having a cross sectional area less than a cross sectional area of either the first open end or the second open end, wherein the restricted portion of the wick casing reduces an effective capillary flow capacity along the wick.
2. The wick assembly of claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional area of the first open end is substantially the same as the cross-sectional area of the second open end.
3. The wick assembly of claim 2, wherein the wick casing is a tube.
4. The wick assembly of claim 3, wherein the wick casing is a cylinder.
5. The wick assembly of claim 1, wherein the restricted portion of the wick casing is defined by a minimum of one indentation in the wick casing.
6. The wick assembly of claim 1, wherein the restricted portion of the wick casing is defined by a plurality of indentations in the wick casing.
7. The wick assembly of claim 5, wherein the indentation is an annular ridge.
8. The wick assembly of claim 1, wherein the wick protrudes from the first open end and the second open end, and wherein the wick is adapted to absorb fluid fuel material at a base end thereof and to be lighted at an end opposite the base end.
9. The wick assembly of claim 8, wherein the base portion is adapted to provide a supply of melted fluid fuel material to the base end of the wick.
10. The wick assembly of claim 9, wherein the base portion is adapted to cause capillary flow of melted fuel material toward only the base end of the wick when engaged over a capillary pedestal.
11. The wick assembly of claim 9, wherein openings through the base portion are adapted to provide the supply of melted fluid fuel material to the base end of the wick.
12. The wick assembly of claim 1, wherein the restricted portion of the wick casing includes an indentation in the wick casing that fixedly maintains the wick in a preselected position.
13. A wick holder comprising:
an elongate enclosed wick casing extending from a base portion and having a first open end and a second open end, wherein the base portion includes an end wall and a down-turned annular skirt extending from the end wall in an opposite direction from the wick casing, and wherein the annular skirt has a textured inner surface that is shared and located to maintain a capillary space between the annular skirt and an upward projection surrounded by the annular skirt; and
a constricted portion of the wick casing, wherein the constricted portion restricts an effective capillary fluid flow capacity between opposite open ends of the wick casing.
14. The wick holder of claim 13, wherein the first open end is in the end wall and the second open end is opposite the first open end.
15. The wick holder of claim 13, wherein the constricted portion includes an indentation in the wick casing.
16. The wick holder of claim 13 further including a fin for transferring thermal energy away from the casing.
17. A wick assembly comprising:
a tube having a sidewall extending between a first open end and a second open end;
a base at one end of the tube for supporting the tube in a substantially vertical position, wherein the base portion comprises a peripheral skirt that projects outwardly and downwardly from the tube and a textured inner surface that is shaped and sized to conform closely around an upwardly projecting pedestal; and,
a wick at least partly disposed in the tube and extending between the first open end and the second open end.