1. An organic light emitting diode display comprising:
a substrate;
a semiconductor layer on the substrate;
a gate insulating layer covering the semiconductor layer;
a gate electrode formed in the gate insulating layer, the gate electrode overlapping the semiconductor layer;
a pixel electrode formed in a pixel area, the pixel electrode over the gate insulating layer;
an interlayer insulating layer covering the gate electrode and the gate insulating layer, the interlayer insulating layer exposing the pixel electrode through a pixel opening;
a source electrode and a drain electrode formed in the interlayer insulating layer, the source electrode and the drain electrode connected to the semiconductor layer;
a gate auxiliary member between the drain electrode and the pixel electrode; and
a barrier rib covering the interlayer insulating layer, the source electrode, and the drain electrode, wherein
the drain electrode and the gate auxiliary member contact a same side wall of the pixel opening and are connected to the pixel electrode, and
the drain electrode is electrically connected to pixel electrode through the gate auxiliary member without physically contacting the pixel electrode, the drain electrode on an upper surface of the gate auxiliary member.
2. The organic light emitting diode display as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drain electrode is extended to the side wall of the pixel opening.
3. The organic light emitting diode display as claimed in claim 2, wherein the gate auxiliary member is extended to the side wall of the pixel opening.
4. The organic light emitting diode display as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gate auxiliary member follows an outer part of the pixel electrode.
5. The organic light emitting diode display as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gate auxiliary member is made with the same material as the gate electrode.
6. The organic light emitting diode display as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drain electrode is only connected to the pixel electrode through the gate auxiliary member.
7. The organic light emitting diode display as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gate auxiliary member and the drain electrode are made of a same material.
8. The organic light emitting diode display as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
a gate driving voltage line between the pixel electrode and a first portion of the drain electrode, wherein a second portion of the drain electrode is over the gate drive voltage line.
9. The organic light emitting diode display as claimed in claim 8, wherein an upper surface of the gate auxiliary member and an upper surface of the gate driving voltage line is substantially coplanar.
10. The organic light emitting diode display as claimed in claim 8, wherein the gate driving voltage line is electrically separated from the drain electrode.
11. A method for manufacturing an organic light emitting diode display, the method comprising:
forming a semiconductor layer on a substrate;
forming a gate insulating layer covering the semiconductor layer;
forming a pixel electrode and a gate electrode on the gate insulating layer;
forming an interlayer insulating layer on the gate electrode and gate insulating layer, the interlayer insulating layer having a pixel opening for exposing the pixel electrode;
forming a source electrode and a drain electrode connected to the semiconductor layer through a plurality of contact holes on the interlayer insulating layer; and
forming a gate auxiliary member between the drain electrode and the pixel electrode, wherein the drain electrode and the gate auxiliary member contact a same side wall of the pixel opening and are connected to the pixel electrode, and wherein the drain electrode is electrically connected to pixel electrode through the gate auxiliary member without physically contacting the pixel electrode, the drain electrode on an upper surface of the gate auxiliary member.
12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the drain electrode is extended to the side wall of the pixel opening.
13. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the drain electrode is only connected to the pixel electrode through the gate auxiliary member.
14. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the gate auxiliary member and the drain electrode are made of a same material.
15. The method as claimed in claim 14, wherein forming the drain electrode and forming the gate auxiliary member at the same side wall includes simultaneously etching the same material.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. A method for treating waste water comprising:
supplying a waste water via an inlet of a denitrification system including a bio-denitrification unit to establish a fixed volume flow of the waste water through the denitrification system referred to as a safe path,
withdrawing a portion of the waste water from the safe path through a momentum block disposed in the safe path;
introducing a regenerated particulate adsorbentabsorbent slurry into an upper section of the bio-denitrification unit of the denitrification system through a slurry introduction apparatus,
introducing the withdrawn waste water, an amount of a microbe carbon food source and an amount microbe micro-nutrients into the bio-denitrification unit through a distributor disposed in a lower middle section of the bio-denitrification unit, where the withdrawn waste water, food source and micro-nutrients are added at a rate sufficient to establish a counter-flow, anoxic expanded bed zone of the particulate adsorbentabsorbent between a location below the distributor and an outlet of the slurry introduction apparatus, where the withdrawn waste water flows up through the zone and the particulate adsorbentabsorbent flows down through the zone, the particulate adsorbentabsorbent adsorbs andor absorbs nitrogen-containing compounds in the waste water, the microbes degrade the nitrogen-containing compounds into nitrogen gas or amino acids via bio-synthesis, the microbes control a dissolved oxygen (DO) level in the medium and the microbes utilize any residual or formed ammonia in bio-synthesis,
regenerating the particulate adsorbentabsorbent via bio-denitrification of the adsorbed andor absorbed nitrogen-containing compounds in the counter-flow, anoxic expanded bed zone and in a co-flow, respiratory inhibited zone disposed below the anoxic zone to form a regenerated particulate adsorbentabsorbent slurry;
collecting the regenerated particulate adsorbentabsorbent slurry through a plurality of collection apertures in a slurry collection assembly;
withdrawing a recirculation water from a recirculation water outlet disposed in an upper portion of the slurry input apparatus;
supplying a portion of the recirculation water to inducer apertures of the slurry collection assembly, where an inducer aperture is associated with each collection aperture and where the water is sufficient to induce and transport the slurry through the slurry collection assembly,
uplifting the induced, regenerated particulate adsorbentabsorbent slurry in a slurry uplift assembly, where the slurry includes a sufficient amount of viable bacteria to re-populate the bacteria to a denitrification level;
overflowing a purified waste water from an outlet trough disposed in a purified water zone of the bio-denitrification unit, where the purified waste water has a nitrogen content of no more than 10 ppm,
returning the purified waste water to the safe path to form a denitrified water, and
discharging the denitrified water from a system outlet.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the denitrified water has a nitrogen content of no more the 5 ppm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the denitrified water has a nitrogen content of no more the 3 ppm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the denitrified water has a nitrogen content of no more the 1 ppm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the denitrified water has a nitrogen content of no more the 0.5 ppm.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the denitrified water has a nitrogen content of no more the 0.1 ppm.
7. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
measuring a first dissolved oxygen level at the distributor,
measuring a second dissolved oxygen level at the slurry collection assembly, and
controlling the food source and micro-nutrients based on values of the first and second dissolved oxygen levels.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein if the first dissolved oxygen level is above 0.19 mgL, increasing the carbon food source and micro-nutrients introduced with the second treated waste water and if the second dissolved oxygen level is below about 0.12 mgL reducing carbon food source and micro-nutrients introduced with the second treated waste water.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the denitrification system includes a plurality of bio-denitrification units and
the method further comprises:
sequentially withdrawing a portion of the waste water from the safe path through a momentum block associated with each bio-denitrification unit disposed in the safe path;
sequentially introducing a regenerated particulate adsorbentabsorbent slurry into an upper section of each of the bio-denitrification units of the denitrification system through a slurry introduction apparatus,
sequentially introducing the withdrawn waste water, an amount of a microbe carbon food source and an amount microbe micro-nutrients into each of the bio-denitrification units through a distributor disposed in a lower middle section of the bio-denitrification unit, where the withdrawn waste water, food source and micro-nutrients are added at a rate sufficient to establish a counter-flow, anoxic expanded bed zone of the particulate adsorbentabsorbent between a location below the distributor and an outlet of the slurry introduction apparatus, where the withdrawn waste water flows up through the zone and the particulate adsorbentabsorbent flows down through the zone, the particulate adsorbentabsorbent adsorbs andor absorbs nitrogen-containing compounds in the waste water, the microbes degrade the nitrogen-containing compounds into nitrogen gas or amino acids via bio-synthesis, the microbes control a dissolved oxygen (DO) level in the medium and the microbes utilize any residual or formed ammonia in bio-synthesis,
sequentially regenerating the particulate adsorbentabsorbent via bio-denitrification of the adsorbed andor absorbed nitrogen-containing compounds in the counter-flow, anoxic expanded bed zone and in a co-flow, respiratory inhibited zone disposed below the anoxic zone to form a regenerated particulate adsorbentabsorbent slurry;
sequentially collecting the regenerated particulate adsorbentabsorbent slurry through a plurality of collection apertures in a slurry collection assembly;
sequentially withdrawing a recirculation water from a recirculation water outlet disposed in an upper portion of the slurry input apparatus;
sequentially supplying a portion of the recirculation water to inducer apertures of the slurry collection assembly, where an inducer aperture is associated with each collection aperture and where the water is sufficient to induce and transport the slurry through the slurry collection assembly,
sequentially uplifting the induced, regenerated particulate adsorbentabsorbent slurry in a slurry uplift assembly, where the slurry includes a sufficient amount of viable bacteria to re-populate the bacteria to a denitrification level;
sequentially overflowing a purified waste water from an outlet trough disposed in a purified water zone of each of the bio-denitrification units, where the purified waste water has a nitrogen content of no more than 10 ppm, and
sequentially returning the purified waste water to the safe path to form a denitrified water.