Author: claimsbot

1. A cathode electrode of a lithium ion battery comprising:
a cathode current collector comprising a surface; and
a cathode material layer located on the surface of the cathode current collector;
wherein the cathode material layer comprises a cathode active material, the cathode active material comprises sulfur grafted poly(pyridinopyridine), the sulfur grafted poly(pyridinopyridine) comprises a poly(pyridinopyridine) matrix and sulfur dispersed in the poly(pyridinopyridine) matrix, and the cathode current collector comprises a polymer substrate and a graphene layer located on a surface of the polymer substrate adjacent to the cathode material layer,
wherein the sulfur is a poly-sulfur group consisting of one or more sulfur elements represented by a formula of Sx, wherein x is an integer between 1 and 8, and the poly-sulfur group is combined with the poly(pyridinopyridine) matrix by a covalent bond, the sulfur grafted poly(pyridinopyridine) comprises at least one chemical group of formulas:
wherein n, n1, and n2 are an integer larger than 1, and m and y are both an integer larger than 0.
2. The cathode electrode of a lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the graphene layer is a single continuous and integrated graphene sheet.
3. The cathode electrode of a lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the graphene layer comprises a plurality of graphene sheets overlapping each other.
4. The cathode electrode of a lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the graphene layer consists of graphene.
5. The cathode electrode of a lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein a thickness of the graphene layer is in a range from about 0.8 nanometers to about 5 microns.
6. The cathode electrode of a lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein a material of the polymer substrate is selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and combinations thereof.
7. The cathode electrode of a lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein the cathode current collector further comprises a connector tab to electrically connect the lithium ion battery to an outer circuit, the connector tab is directly contacting the graphene layer to electrically connect to the graphene layer.
8. The cathode electrode of a lithium ion battery of claim 1, wherein a weight percentage of the sulfur in the sulfur grafted poly(pyridinopyridine) is equal to or less than 42%.
9. A lithium ion battery comprising:
a cathode electrode;
an anode electrode spaced from the cathode electrode; and
an electrolyte located between the cathode electrode and the anode electrode;
wherein the cathode electrode comprises a cathode current collector having a surface, and a cathode material layer located on the surface of the cathode current collector, the cathode material layer comprises a cathode active material, the cathode active material comprises sulfur grafted poly(pyridinopyridine), the sulfur grafted poly(pyridinopyridine) comprises a poly(pyridinopyridine) matrix and sulfur dispersed in the poly(pyridinopyridine) matrix, the cathode current collector comprises a film shaped polymer substrate and a graphene layer located on a surface of the polymer substrate adjacent to the cathode material layer,
wherein the sulfur is a poly-sulfur group consisting of one or more sulfur elements represented by a formula of Sx, wherein x is an integer between 1 and 8, and the poly-sulfur group is combined with the poly(pyridinopyridine) matrix by a covalent bond, the sulfur grafted poly(pyridinopyridine) comprises at least one chemical group of formulas:
wherein n, n1, and n2 are an integer larger than 1, and m and y are both an integer larger than 0.
10. The lithium ion battery of claim 9, wherein the anode electrode is lithium metal, and a discharge cut-off voltage of the lithium ion battery is about 0V.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A tool interface (5) for coupling a tool head (2) to a tool shank (3) in a centered manner in respect of a shank axis (4), comprising:
a first interface part (6) that is configured to be connected to the tool shank (3) or to the tool head (2); and
a second interface part (7) that is configured to be connected to the respective other tool part, namely, to the tool head (2) or to the tool shank (3), the two interface parts (6, 7) having interface surfaces (9, 10) that substantially complement each other and are intended to bear flatly on each other, the interface surface (9) of the first interface part (6) comprising an inner cone surface (21) and an outer cone surface (22), which surrounds the latter on the outside and coaxially, and the interface surface (9) of the second interface part (7) comprising an outer cone surface (27), which corresponds with the inner cone surface (21) of the first interface part (6), and an inner cone surface (28), which corresponds with the outer cone surface (22) of the first interface part (6), wherein an annular web (23) formed between the inner cone surface (21) and the outer cone surface (22) of the first interface part (6) is slotted by at least one recess (24), wherein the inner cone surface (21) of the first interface part (6) has an extent, in the direction of the shank axis (4), that exceeds the corresponding extent of the outer cone surface (22) of the first interface part (6) by at least a factor 4, and wherein, when the first interface part (6) is joined to the second interface part (7), the annular web (23) of the first interface part (6) is acted upon in a radially inward direction by the second interface part (7) thereby locking the annular web (23) of the first interface part (6) between the inner cone surface (28) and the outer cone surface (27) of the second interface part (6).
2. A tool interface (5) for coupling a tool head (2) to a tool shank (3) in a centered manner in respect of a shank axis (4), comprising:
a first interface part (6) that is configured to be connected to the tool shank (3) or to the tool head (2); and
a second interface part (7) that is configured to be connected to the respective other tool part, namely, to the tool head (2) or to the tool shank (3), the two interface parts (6, 7) having interface surfaces (9, 10) that substantially complement each other and are intended to bear flatly on each other, the interface surface (9) of the first interface part (6) comprising an inner cone surface (21) and an outer cone surface (22), which surrounds the latter on the outside and coaxially, and the interface surface (9) of the second interface part (7) comprising an outer cone surface (27), which corresponds with the inner cone surface (21) of the first interface part (6), and an inner cone surface (28), which corresponds with the outer cone surface (22) of the first interface part (6), wherein the second interface part (7) has a central bore (20) surrounded coaxially by its outer cone surface (27), and an annular web (29) formed between the outer cone surface (27) and the bore (20) is slotted by at least one recess (24).
3. The tool interface (5) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the slotted interface part (6; 7) is connected to the tool shank (3), and the respectively other interface part (7; 6) is connected to the tool head (2).
4. The tool interface (5) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein at least two recesses (24) are provided in a distributed manner around the circumference of the respective annular web (23, 29).
5. The tool interface (5) as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inner cone surface (21) of the first interface part (6) has an extent, in the direction of the shank axis (4), that exceeds the corresponding extent of the outer cone surface (22) of the first interface part (6) by at least a factor 4.
6. The tool interface (5) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the inner cone surface (21) of the first interface part (6) has, relative to the shank axis (4), an angle of inclination (\u03b11) that is more acute than the corresponding angle of inclination (\u03b12) of the outer cone surface (22) of the first interface part (6) by at least a factor 2.
7. The tool interface (5) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first interface part (6) is provided with a threaded bore (14) that is coaxial with the shank axis (4), and the second interface part (7) is provided with a threaded pin (17) that corresponds with the threaded bore (14) for the purpose of screwing the interface parts (6, 7).
8. The tool interface (5) as claimed in claim 7, wherein the threaded pin (17) is screwed to the second interface part (7).
9. The tool interface (5) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the tool shank (3) is produced in multiple parts from a shank body (8) and the shank-side interface part (6).
10. The tool interface (5) as claimed in claim 9, wherein the shank-side interface part (6) is materially connected to the shank body (8).
11. The tool interface (5) as claimed in claim 9, wherein the shank-side interface part (6) and the shank body (8) are connected to each other via corresponding, conical bearing-contact surfaces (11, 12).
12. A tool interface (5) for coupling a tool head (2) to a tool shank (3) in a centered manner in respect of a shank axis (4), comprising:
a first interface part (6) that is configured to be connected to the tool shank (3) or to the tool head (2); and
a second interface part (7) that is configured to be connected to the respective other tool part, namely, to the tool head (2) or to the tool shank (3), the two interface parts (6, 7) having interface surfaces (9, 10) that substantially complement each other and are intended to bear flatly on each other, the interface surface (9) of the first interface part (6) comprising an inner cone surface (21) and an outer cone surface (22), which surrounds the latter on the outside and coaxially, and the interface surface (9) of the second interface part (7) comprising an outer cone surface (27), which corresponds with the inner cone surface (21) of the first interface part (6), and an inner cone surface (28), which corresponds with the outer cone surface (22) of the first interface part (6), wherein an annular web (23) formed between the inner cone surface (21) and the outer cone surface (22) of the first interface part (6) is slotted by at least one recess (24), and wherein the inner cone surface (21) of the first interface part (6) has an extent, in the direction of the shank axis (4), that exceeds the corresponding extent of the outer cone surface (22) of the first interface part (6) by at least a factor 4,
wherein the head-side interface part (7) is produced by sintering, without subsequent fine-working of its interface surface (10).
13. A tool head (2), which, for the purpose of coupling to a tool shank (3) in a centered manner in respect of a shank axis (4), is provided with a first or a second interface part (6, 7) according to claim 1 or 2.
14. A tool shank (3), which, for the purpose of coupling to a tool head (2) in a centered manner in respect of a shank axis (4), is provided with a first or a second interface part (6, 7) according to claim 1 or 2.
15. A tool (1), comprising a tool head (2), a tool shank (3) and a tool interface (5) according to claim 1 or 2.
16. The tool interface (5) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner cone surface (21) of the first interface part (6) has an extent, in the direction of the shank axis (4), that exceeds the corresponding extent of the outer cone surface (22) of the first interface part (6) by at least a factor 6.
17. The tool interface as claimed in claim 5, the inner cone surface (21) of the first interface part (6) has an extent, in the direction of the shank axis (4), that exceeds the corresponding extent of the outer cone surface (22) of the first interface part (6) by at least a factor 6.
18. A tool interface (5) for coupling a tool head (2) to a tool shank (3) in a centered manner in respect of a shank axis (4), comprising:
a first interface part (6) that is configured to be connected to the tool shank (3) or to the tool head (2); and
a second interface part (7) that is configured to be connected to the respective other tool part, namely, to the tool head (2) or to the tool shank (3), the two interface parts (6, 7) having interface surfaces (9, 10) that substantially complement each other and are intended to bear flatly on each other, the interface surface (9) of the first interface part (6) comprising an inner cone surface (21) and an outer cone surface (22), which surrounds the latter on the outside and coaxially, and the interface surface (9) of the second interface part (7) comprising an outer cone surface (27), which corresponds with the inner cone surface (21) of the first interface part (6), and an inner cone surface (28), which corresponds with the outer cone surface (22) of the first interface part (6), wherein the second interface part (7) has a central bore (20) surrounded coaxially by its outer cone surface (27), and an annular web (29) formed between the outer cone surface (27) and the bore (20) is slotted by at least one recess (24),
wherein the head-side interface part (7) is produced by sintering, without subsequent fine-working of its interface surface (10).

1. A baffle, comprising:
an expandable layer coupled to an adhesive layer, together forming a generally planar baffle;
said expandable layer having an external surface;
said external surface having a pattern of projections and a pattern of voids relative to said projections, such that said projections define a first thickness of said expandable layer and said voids define a second thickness of said expandable layer, said first thickness being greater than said second thickness.
2. The baffle of claim 1, wherein said expandable layer expands in response to the application of heat.
3. The baffle of claim 1, wherein said pattern of projections comprises a plurality of ridges and said pattern of voids comprises a plurality of grooves separated by said ridges.
4. The baffle of claim 3, wherein said plurality of ridges are substantially parallel to each other.
5. The baffle of claim 3, wherein said plurality of ridges are substantially linear.
6. The baffle of claim 3, wherein said plurality of ridges are substantially non-linear.
7. The baffle of claim 1, wherein said pattern of projections comprises a plurality of cylinders extending outward from an interior portion of said expandable layer.
8. The baffle of claim 1, wherein said pattern of projections comprises a plurality of squares extending outward from an interior portion of said expandable layer.
9. The baffle of claim 1, wherein said expandable layer and said adhesive layer are extruded.
10. A baffle, comprising:
an expandable layer coupled to an adhesive layer, together forming a generally planar baffle;
said expandable layer having an external surface;
said external surface having a plurality of substantially parallel ridges and a plurality of substantially parallel grooves separated by said ridges, such that said ridges define a first thickness of said expandable layer and said voids define a second thickness of said expandable layer.
11. The baffle of claim 9, wherein said expandable layer expands in response to the application of heat.

The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.

1. A computer program product stored on a computer readable storage medium, which when executed by a computing system implements a dynamic programming platform, the computer program product comprising program instructions that:
generates code for a multithreaded runtime environment, and that provides an infrastructure for sharing bulk data between different threads without data-level synchronization; and
processes bulk data by providing handlers for processing a predefined set of bulk data operators that can operate on slices of the bulk data during runtime while different threads of the multithreaded runtime environment process the bulk data.
2. The computer program product of claim 1, wherein the infrastructure includes a compiler for generating runtime code having a programming specification for creating bulk data primitive (BDP) instances and implementing BDP operators to bulk operate on data stored in created BDP instances.
3. The computer program product of claim 2, wherein the program instructions comprise an interpreter that processes runtime code and includes: a process for instantiating a BDP instance of a given element type and a set of dimensions; a process for querying the dimensions of a BDP instance, a process for altering the dimensions of a BDP instance; and a process for instantiating a BDP instance that references a slice of an existing BDP instance.
4. The computer program product of claim 3, wherein the process for instantiating a BDP includes:
allocating a new BDP data storage object of appropriate byte size in a heap and initializing a reference count to 1;
storing a reference to that data object in the BDP instance;
storing requested logical dimensions in the BDP instance; and
storing default stride and offset parameters for the new BDP data storage object.
5. The computer program product of claim 4, wherein the process for instantiating the BDP instance that references the slice of the existing BDP instance includes:
dereferencing a BDP storage object reference of the existing BDP instance and incrementing the reference count;
instantiating a new BDP instance with dimensions matching specified slice dimensions; and
propagating an internal element offset and stride parameters of the existing BDP instance in chorus with offset and stride parameters specified by a requested slice.
6. The computer program product of claim 2, further comprising a set of BDP handlers for processing BDP operations at runtime.
7. The computer program product of claim 6, wherein implementing a BDP handler for processing a BDP instance having a set of operands includes:
dereferencing a BPD storage object for each operand;
if a BDP operation is not an in-place style operator, instantiating a new BDP instance with dimensions derived from dimensions of the operand and iterating over each logical element of the BDP instance using a loop with a specified operator;
if the operation is an in-place style operator, storing each resulting data value back in an appropriate memory address of the BDP storage object.
8. A dynamic programming platform, comprising:
at least one computing system having a processor and a memory;
a compiler for generating runtime code and having a programming specification for creating bulk data primitive (BDP) instances and implementing BDP operators to bulk operate on data stored by BDP instances, and for supporting multithreaded operations without data-level synchronization; and
an interpreter for processing the runtime code on the at least one computing system and having a set of BDP handlers for processing BDP operators at runtime, the interpreter including a system for instantiating a BDP instance of a given element type and a set of dimensions; a system for querying the dimensions of a BDP instance; a system for altering the dimensions of a BDP instance; and a system for instantiating a new BDP instance that references a slice of an existing BDP instance.
9. The dynamic programming platform of claim 8, wherein the each BDP instance includes an array of data and each BDP operator can be implemented with a single statement.
10. The dynamic programming platform of claim 8, wherein instantiating the BDP instance includes allocating memory space in the memory using a heap.
11. The dynamic programming platform of claim 10, wherein the instantiating further includes:
allocating a new BDP storage object of appropriate byte size in the heap and initializing a reference count to 1;
storing a reference to the new BDP storage object in the BDP instance;
storing requested logical dimensions in the BDP instance; and
storing default stride and offset parameters for the new BDP storage object.
12. The dynamic programming platform of claim 8, wherein the system for instantiating the BDP instance that references a slice of an existing BDP instance includes:
a process for dereferencing a DBP storage object reference of an existing BDP instance and incrementing a reference count;
a process for instantiating a new BDP instance with dimensions matching specified slice dimensions; and
a process for propagating an internal element offset and stride parameters of the existing BDP instance in chorus with offset and stride parameters specified by a requested slice.
13. The dynamic programming platform of claim 8, wherein implementing a BDP handler for processing a BDP operator with respect to a BDP instance includes:
dereferencing a BDP storage object for each operand of the BDP instance;
if a BDP operation is not an in-place style operator, instantiating a new BDP instance with dimensions derived from dimensions of the operand and iterating over each logical element of the BDP instance using a loop with a specified BDP operator;
if the operation is an in-place style operator, storing resulting data values back in an appropriate memory address.
14. The dynamic programming platform of claim 8, wherein the processor includes a multithreading infrastructure, and wherein the interpreter causes different slices of a BDP storage object to be processed in different threads of the processor.
15. A computing system having interpreter for processing runtime code, the interpreter comprising:
a set of bulk data primitive (BDP) handlers for processing BDP operators;
a system for instantiating a BDP instance of a given element type and set of dimensions, wherein the BPD instance includes an associated BDP storage object allocated in a memory heap of the computing system;
a system for instantiating further BDP instances that reference a slice of an existing BDP instance; and
a system for processing different BDP instances on different threads of a multithreading infrastructure.
16. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the each BDP instance includes an array of data and each BDP operator operates on an entire array of data.
17. The computing system of claim 15, wherein instantiating a BDP instance includes:
allocating a new BDP storage object of appropriate byte size in the heap and initializing a reference count to 1;
storing a reference to the new BDP storage object in the BDP instance;
storing requested logical dimensions in the BDP instance; and
storing default stride and offset parameters for the new BDP storage object.
18. The computing system of claim 15, wherein the system for instantiating further BDP instances that reference a slice of an existing BDP instance includes:
a process for dereferencing a DBP storage object reference of an existing BDP instance and incrementing a reference count;
a process for instantiating a new BDP instance with dimensions matching specified slice dimensions; and
a process for propagating an internal element offset and stride parameters of the existing BDP instance in chorus with offset and stride parameters specified by a requested slice.
19. The computing system of claim 15, wherein implementing a BDP handler for processing a BDP operator with respect to a BDP instance includes:
dereferencing a BDP storage object for each operand of the BDP instance;
if a BDP operation is not an in-place style operator, instantiating a new BDP instance with dimensions derived from dimensions of the operand and iterating over each logical element of the BDP instance using a loop with a specified BDP operator;
if the operation is an in-place style operator, storing resulting data values back in an appropriate memory address.
20. The computing system of claim 15, further comprising an output connectable to a device for displaying visual data, wherein the visual data is stored in a common data storage object and processed on multiple threads by different BDP instances.