1. An improved vacuum seal comprising:
an O-ring having a circular cross-section with a diameter D;
a first mating part having a first sealing surface with a groove formed therein configured to receive the O-ring, wherein said groove has a radially outer side wall, a radially inner side wall and a bottom wall that extends between said outer and inner side walls with said bottom wall being disposed parallel to said first sealing surface, a groove mouth having a width W in the first sealing surface between said outer and inner side walls; and
a second mating part having a second sealing surface, wherein said second sealing surface mates with said first sealing surface;
wherein said groove has a modified dovetail shape with at least one side wall having a compound slope formed with a first portion forming an angle of less than 90 degrees with respect to the bottom wall, said first portion connected to said bottom wall to form a junction therebetween, and a second portion between said first portion and said first sealing surface, said second portion extending substantially perpendicular to said first sealing surface wherein the cross-sectional area of the O-ring is greater than the cross-sectional area of said groove.
2. A vacuum seal according to claim 1 wherein the width W of the groove mouth is at least 94% of the diameter D of the O-ring.
3. A vacuum seal according to claim 1 wherein the groove has a modified single dovetail shape such that one sidewall is square and one sidewall has a compound slope.
4. A vacuum seal according to claim 1 wherein the groove has a modified double dovetail shape.
5. A vacuum seal according to claim 4 wherein both sidewalls have a compound slope.
6. A vacuum seal according to claim 1 wherein the second portion of the sidewall with the compound slope has a length L of between about 0.01\u2033 and about 0.05\u2033.
7. A vacuum seal according to claim 1 wherein the first portion of the sidewall with the compound slope forms an angle with the bottom wall that is between about 60 and about 80 degrees.
8. A vacuum seal according to claim 1 wherein the cross-sectional area of the O-ring is 105% larger than the cross-sectional area of said groove and the width W of the groove mouth is at least 95% of the diameter D of the O-ring.
9. In a vacuum sealing structure formed having a groove configured for receipt of an O-ring therein, the improvement comprising:
a sealing surface having said groove formed therein; said groove having an outer side wall, an inner wall, and a bottom wall connecting said outer side wall and said inner side wall and disposed parallel to said sealing surface, said groove having a mouth with a width W in the sealing surface between said outer and inner side walls;
said groove having a modified dovetail shape with at least one sidewall having a compound slope formed with a first portion forming an angle of less than 90 degrees with respect to said bottom wall, said first portion connected to said bottom wall to form a junction therebetween, and a second portion disposed between said first portion and said sealing surface, said second portion extending substantially perpendicular to said sealing surface, wherein the cross-sectional area of said O-ring is greater than the cross-sectional area of said groove.
10. Vacuum sealing structure as recited in claim 9 wherein W is at least 94% of the diameter of the O-ring.
11. Vacuum sealing structure as recited in claim 9 wherein said groove has a depth Y and wherein said second portion extends for a length L that is between about 8% to about 50% of Y.
12. Vacuum sealing structure as recited in claim 11 wherein L is between about 10% and about 20% of Y.
13. Vacuum sealing structure as recited in claim 9 wherein said first portion forms an angle of between about 60 and 80 degrees relative to said bottom wall.
14. Vacuum sealing structure as recited in claim 13 wherein said first portion forms an angle of between about 66 and 75 degrees relative to said bottom wall.
The claims below are in addition to those above.
All refrences to claim(s) which appear below refer to the numbering after this setence.
1. An information visualization system comprising:
a user interest degree database that stores interest degree information describing interest degrees of users for items;
a visualization processing unit that creates an item map arranging the items on a coordinate space; and
an output unit that outputs the item map created by the visualization processing unit, wherein
the visualization processing unit
uses the interest degree information stored in the user interest degree database to calculate relevance between the items and reflects the relevance on coordinate values of the items on the item map to arrange the items on the item map.
2. The information visualization system according to claim 1, further comprising:
an item database that stores keywords indicating features of the items;
a cluster generation unit that uses coordinate values of the items on the item map to cluster the items; and
a representative word extraction unit that extracts, from the item database, the keywords indicating the features of the items belonging to clusters generated by the cluster generation unit, wherein
the output unit
outputs a result reflecting the clusters generated by the cluster generation unit and the keywords corresponding to the clusters extracted by the representative word extraction unit to the item map created by the visualization processing unit.
3. The information visualization system according to claim 2, further comprising
a cluster structure database that stores the result of the clustering, wherein
the cluster generation unit
generates the clusters to be arranged on the item map for each display scale of the item map and stores a result of the generation in the cluster structure database, and
the visualization processing unit
reads the result of the clustering corresponding to the display scale of the item map from the cluster structure database to generate the clusters.
4. The information visualization system according to claim 2, further comprising
an item coordinate database that stores the coordinate values of the items on the item map, wherein
the visualization processing unit
stores the coordinate values of the items on the item map in the item coordinate database and
when the output unit outputs the item map, reads the coordinate values of the items on the item map from the item coordinate database and transmits the coordinate values to the output unit.
5. The information visualization system according to claim 2, further comprising
a representative word edit unit that edits representative words displayed on the item map.
6. The information visualization system according to claim 2, further comprising
a data update unit that adds a new item to the item database, wherein
the data update unit
obtains an item with more than a predetermined value of the relevance to the new item among the items stored in the item database and temporarily sets the coordinate values of the item on the item map as initial coordinate values of the new item on the item map, and
the visualization processing unit
handles the initial coordinate values as initial values to rearrange the new item on the item map.
7. The information visualization system according to claim 2, further comprising
a cluster structure database that stores the result of the clustering, wherein
the cluster generation unit
determines to which of the clusters the new item will be added and placed and stores a result of the determination in the cluster structure database.
8. The information visualization system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a relevance calculation unit that calculates the relevance between the items; and
an inter-item relevance database that stores the relevance between the items calculated by the relevance calculation unit, wherein
the visualization calculation unit
reflects the relevance between the items stored in the inter-item relevance database on the coordinate values of the items on the item map to arrange the items on the item map.
9. The information visualization system according to claim 8, further comprising
an item database that stores the keywords indicating the features of the items, wherein
the relevance calculation unit
extracts the keywords not common between the items from the item database and stores the keywords in the inter-item relevance database, and
the visualization calculation unit
uses the number of keywords not common between the items stored in the inter-item relevance database as the relevance between the items.
10. The information visualization system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a user action history database that stores histories of the selection of the items by the users; and
an interest degree calculation unit that uses the histories stored in the user action history database to calculate the interest degrees of the users for the items and that stores the interest degrees in the user interest degree database.
11. The information visualization system according to claim 10, further comprising
an operation unit that receives an operation input for the item map, wherein
the user action history database stores the operation input for the operation unit as the history.
12. The information visualization system according to claim 10, wherein
the user action history database
stores, as the history, a geographic location of the information visualization system when the item is selected on the item map.
13. The information visualization system according to claim 10, wherein
the user action history database updates the history according to use frequency of the information visualization system.
14. An information presentation system comprising:
the information visualization system according to claim 1; and
a center server that clusters a plurality of users, wherein
the center server comprises:
a user clustering unit that clusters the users based on the interest degrees of the user for the items to create user clusters; and
a user determination unit that determines to which of the user clusters a new user belongs, wherein
the user determination unit
determines that the new user belongs to the user cluster with the interest degree closest to the interest degree of the new user for the item, and
the information visualization system
uses the interest degree of the user cluster to which the new user is determined to belong as an initial value of the interest degree of the new user.
15. An information presentation system comprising:
the information visualization system according to claim 1; and
a center server that determines the user with the interest degree closest to the interest degree of a new user for the item, wherein
the information visualization system
uses the interest degree of the user cluster determined to which the new user is determined to belong as an initial value of the interest degree of the new user.